We explain how a simple twisting of the notion of spectral triple allows to incorporate type III examples, such as those arising from the transverse geometry of codimension one foliations. Since the twisting of the commutators turns the usual hypertrace constructed out of the Dixmier trace into a twisted trace on the coordinate algebra, one would be tempted to interpret that as a manifestation of twisting at the level of cyclic cohomology, akin to that introduced by the authors in the context of Hopf cyclic cohomology. The main point of this note, besides giving simple natural examples of the general notion and developing the first basic steps of the theory, is to show that contrary to the initial expectations no cohomological twisting is in fact required. The Chern character of finitely summable spectral triples extends to the twisted case, and lands in fact in ordinary (untwisted) cyclic cohomology. The same holds true for the local Hochschild character. The index pairing with ordinary (untwisted) K-theory continues to make sense and the index formula is still given by the pairing of the corresponding Chern characters. This opens the road to extending the local index formula, as well as the analogue of the hypoelliptic construction on the dual system together with the corresponding Thom isomorphism, to the context of twisted spectral triples of type III.
We give a proof of an analogue of Connes' Hochschild character theorem for twisted spectral triples obtained from twisting a spectral triple by scaling automorphisms, under some suitable conditions. We also survey some of the properties of twisted spectral triples that are known so far.
It is well known that for any irrational rotation number $\a$, the noncommutative torus $\ba_\a$ must have representations $π$ such that the generated von Neumann algebra $π(\ba_\a)"$ is of type $\ty{III}$. Therefore, it could be of interest to exhibit and investigate such kind of representations, together with the associated spectral triples whose twist of the Dirac operator and the corresponding derivation arises from the Tomita modular operator. In the present paper, we show that this program can be carried out, at least when $\a$ is a Liouville number satisfying a faster approximation prop…
We introduce a notion of an algebra of generalized pseudo-differential operators and prove that a spectral triple is regular if and only if it admits an algebra of generalized pseudo-differential operators. We also provide a self-contained proof of the fact that the product of regular spectral triples is regular.
We define the notion of von Neumann spectral triple and consider the associated index problem. We compute the analytic Chern-Connes character of such a von Neumann spectral triple and prove the corresponding local formula for its Hochschild class. This formula involves the Dixmier trace for $II_{\infty}$ von Neumann algebras. In the case of foliations, we identify this Dixmier trace with the corresponding measured Wodzicki residue.
For each K-homolgy element of the Sierpinski gasket we construct a spectral triple which will generate that element. We show that there must be certain limits on the choice of the K-homology element if the geometric properties of the gasket shall be recoverable from that spectral triple. For a big subgroup of the K-homology group we show that our spectral triples will recover the metric, the dimension and the Hausdorff measure on the gaket.
We examine the index data associated to twisted spectral triples and higher order spectral triples. In particular, we show that a Lipschitz regular twisted spectral triple can always be `logarithmically dampened' through functional calculus, to obtain an ordinary (i.e. untwisted) spectral triple. The same procedure turns higher order spectral triples into spectral triples. We provide examples of highly regular twisted spectral triples with nontrivial index data for which Moscovici's ansatz for a twisted local index formula is identically zero.
We investigate the regularity condition for twisted spectral triples. This condition is equivalent to the existence of an appropriate pseudodifferential calculus compatible with the spectral triple. A natural approach to obtain such a calculus is to start with a twisted algebra of abstract differential operators, in the spirit of Higson. Under an appropriate algebraic condition on the twisting, we obtain a pseudodifferential calculus which admits an asymptotic expansion, similarly to the untwisted case. We present some examples coming from the theory of quantum groups. Finally we discuss zeta …
This paper extends the notion of a spectral triple to a relative spectral triple, an unbounded analogue of a relative Fredholm module for an ideal $J\triangleleft A$. Examples include manifolds with boundary, manifolds with conical singularities, dimension drop algebras, $θ$-deformations and Cuntz-Pimsner algebras of vector bundles. The bounded transform of a relative spectral triple is a relative Fredholm module, making the image of a relative spectral triple under the boundary mapping in $K$-homology easy to compute. We introduce an additional operator called a Clifford normal with which a r…
This paper is the the third part of a series of paper whose aim is to use of the framework of \emph{twisted spectral triples} to study conformal geometry from a noncommutive geometric viewpoint. In this paper we reformulate the inequality of Vafa-Witten \cite{VW:CMP84} in the setting of twisted spectral triples. This involves a notion of Poincaré duality for twisted spectral triples. Our main results have various consequences. In particular, we obtain a version in conformal geometry of the original inequality of Vafa-Witten, in the sense of an explicit control of the Vafa-Witten bound under co…
We characterize all equivariant odd spectral triples for the quantum SU(2) group acting on its L_2-space and having a nontrivial Chern character. It is shown that the dimension of an equivariant spectral triple is at least three, and given any element of the K-homology group of SU_q(2), there is an equivariant odd spectral triple of dimension 3 inducing that element. The method employed to get equivariant spectral triples in the quantum case is then used for classical SU(2), and we prove that for p<4, there does not exist any equivariant spectral triple with nontrivial K-homology class and dim…
Twisted spectral triples are a twisting of the notion of spectral triple aiming at dealing with some type III geometric situations. In the first part of the paper, we give a geometric construction of the index map of a twisted spectral triple in terms of $σ$-connections on finitely generated projective modules. This makes it more transparent the analogy with the indices of Dirac operators with coefficients in vector bundles. In the second part, we give a direct construction of the Connes-Chern character of a twisted spectral, both in the invertible and non-invertible cases. Combining these two…
We provide sufficient conditions to factorise an equivariant spectral triple as a Kasparov product of unbounded classes constructed from the group action on the algebra and from the fixed point spectral triple. Our results are for the action of compact abelian Lie groups, and we demonstrate them with examples from manifolds and $θ$-deformations. In particular we show that equivariant Dirac-type spectral triples on the total space of a torus principal bundle always factorise. We also present an example that shows what goes wrong in the absence of our sufficient conditions (and how we get around…
The quantum group $SU_q(\ell+1)$ has a canonical action on the odd dimensional sphere $S_q^{2\ell+1}$. All odd spectral triples acting on the $L_2$ space of $S_q^{2\ell+1}$ and equivariant under this action have been characterized. This characterization then leads to the construction of an optimum family of equivariant spectral triples having nontrivial $K$-homology class. These generalize the results of Chakraborty & Pal for $SU_q(2)$.
Spectral triples (of compact type) are constructed on arbitrary separable quasidiagonal C*-algebras. On the other hand an example of a spectral triple on a non-quasidiagonal algebra is presented.
Continuing our study of spectral triples on quantum domains, we look at unbounded invariant and covariant derivations in the quantum annulus. In particular, we investigate whether such derivations can be implemented by operators with compact parametrices, a necessary condition in the definition of a spectral triple.
We construct a spectral triple for the C$^*$-algebra of continuous functions on the space of $p$-adic integers by using a rooted tree obtained from coarse-grained approximation of the space, and the forward derivative on the tree. Additionally, we verify that our spectral triple satisfies the properties of a compact spectral metric space, and we show that the metric on the space of $p$-adic integers induced by the spectral triple is equivalent to the usual $p$-adic metric.
Any oriented Riemannian manifold with a Spin-structure defines a spectral triple, so the spectral triple can be regarded as a noncommutative Spin-manifold. Otherwise for any unoriented Riemannian manifold there is the two-fold covering by oriented Riemannian manifold. Moreover there are noncommutative generalizations of finite-fold coverings. This circumstances yield a notion of unoriented spectral triple which is covered by oriented one.
We give a construction allowing to lift spectral triples to crossed products by Hilbert bimodules. The spectral triple one obtains is a concrete unbounded representative of the Kasparov product of the spectral triple and the Pimsner-Toeplitz extension associated to the crossed product by the Hilbert bimodule. To prove that the lifted spectral triple is the above-mentioned Kasparov product, we rely on operator-$*$-algebras and connexions.
We provide a proof of Connes' formula for a representative of the Hochschild class of the Chern character for (p,\infty)-summable spectral triples. Our proof is valid for all semifinite von Neumann algebras, and all integral p\geq 1. We employ the minimum possible hypotheses on the spectral triples.
Given an inductive system of spectral triples $\{(A_j,\H_j,D_j)\}_j$, we find conditions under which the triple $(\limind A_j,\limind H_j,\limind D_j)$ is a spectral triple. We also analyze and describe some classical examples of spectral triples in terms of these conditions.
Connes showed that spectral triples encode (noncommutative) metric information. Further, Connes and Moscovici in their metric bundle construction showed that, as with the Takesaki duality theorem, forming a crossed product spectral triple can substantially simplify the structure. In a recent paper, Bellissard, Marcolli and Reihani (among other things) studied in depth metric notions for spectral triples and crossed product spectral triples for $Z$-actions, with applications in number theory and coding theory. In the work of Connes and Moscovici, crossed products involving groups of diffeomorph…
The torus group $(S^1)^{\ell+1}$ has a canonical action on the odd dimensional sphere $S_q^{2\ell+1}$. We take the natural Hilbert space representation where this action is implemented and characterize all odd spectral triples acting on that space and equivariant with respect to that action. This characterization gives a construction of an optimum family of equivariant spectral triples having nontrivial $K$-homology class thus generalizing our earlier results for $SU_q(2)$. We also relate the triple we construct with the $C^*$-extension \[ 0\longrightarrow \clk\otimes C(S^1)\longrightarrow C(S…
The Sierpinski gasket admits a locally isometric ramified self-covering. A semifinite spectral triple is constructed on the resulting solenoidal space, and its main geometrical features are discussed.
By modifying the ideas from our previous paper [SIGMA 13 (2017), 075, 26 pages, arXiv:1705.04005], we construct spectral triples from implementations of covariant derivations on the quantum disk.
It is well-known that any covering space of a Riemannian manifold has the natural structure of a Riemannian manifold. This article contains a noncommutative generalization of this fact. Since any Riemannian manifold with a Spin-structure defines a spectral triple, the spectral triple can be regarded as a noncommutative Spin-manifold. Similarly there is an algebraic construction which is a noncommutative generalization of topological covering. This article contains a construction of spectral triple on the "noncommutative covering space".
Given a spectral triple $(A,H,D)$ and a $C^*$-dynamical system $(\mathbf{A}, G, α)$ where $A$ is dense in $\mathbf{A}$ and $G$ is a locally compact group, we extend the triple to a triplet $(\mathcal{B},\mathcal{H},\mathcal{D})$ on the crossed product $G \ltimes_{α, \text{red}} \mathbf{A}$ which can be promoted to a modular-type twisted spectral triple within a general procedure exemplified by two cases: the $C^*$-algebra of the affine group and the conformal group acting on a complete Riemannian spin manifold.
In this paper we construct odd finitely summable spectral triples based on length functions of bounded doubling on noncommutative solenoids. Our spectral triples induce a Leibniz Lip-norm on the state spaces of the noncommutative solenoids, giving them the structure of Leibniz quantum compact metric spaces. By applying methods of R. Floricel and A. Ghorbanpour, we also show that our odd spectral triples on noncommutative solenoids can be considered as direct limits of spectral triples on rotation algebras. In the final section we prove a noncommutative Wiener's lemma and show that our odd spec…
We describe a way to deform spectral triples with a 2-torus action and a real deformation parameter, motivated by deformation of manifolds after Connes-Landi. Such deformations are shown to have naturally isomorphic $K$-theoretic invariants independent of the deformation parameter.
We define pseudo-Riemannian spectral triples, an analytic context broad enough to encompass a spectral description of a wide class of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds, as well as their noncommutative generalisations. Our main theorem shows that to each pseudo-Riemannian spectral triple we can associate a genuine spectral triple, and so a K-homology class. With some additional assumptions we can then apply the local index theorem. We give a range of examples and some applications. The example of the harmonic oscillator in particular shows that our main theorem applies to much more than just classica…
Spectral triples are defined for C*-algebras associated with hyperbolic dynamical systems known as Smale spaces. The spectral dimension of one of these spectral triples is shown to recover the topological entropy of the Smale space.
We study unbounded invariant and covariant derivations on the quantum disk. In particular we answer the question whether such derivations come from operators with compact parametrices and thus can be used to define spectral triples.
Using a Cayley complex (generalizing the Cayley graph) and Clifford algebras, we are able to give, for a large class of finitely presented groups, a uniform construction of spectral triples with $D_{+}$ of index 1.
Using associated trees, we construct a spectral triple for the C$^*$-algebra of continuous functions on the ring of integers $R$ of a nonarchimedean local field $F$ of characteristic zero, and investigate its properties. Remarkably, the spectrum of the spectral triple operator is closely related to the roots of a $q$-hypergeometric function. We also study a non compact version of this construction for the C$^*$-algebra of continuous functions on $F$, vanishing at infinity.
We construct spectral triples for the C^*-algebra of continuous functions on the quantum SU(2) group and the quantum sphere. There has been various approaches towards building a calculus on quantum spaces, but there seems to be very few instances of computations outlined in chapter~6 of Connes' book. We give detailed computations of the associated Connes-de Rham complex and the space of L_2-forms.
In the context of A. Connes' spectral triples, a suitable notion of morphism is introduced. Discrete groups with length function provide a natural example for our definitions. A. Connes' construction of spectral triples for group algebras is a covariant functor from the category of discrete groups with length functions to that of spectral triples. Several interesting lines for future study of the categorical properties of spectral triples and their variants are suggested.
We produce a variety of odd bounded Fredholm modules and odd spectral triples on Cuntz-Krieger algebras by means of realizing these algebras as "the algebra of functions on a non-commutative space" coming from a sub shift of finite type. We show that any odd $K$-homology class can be represented by such an odd bounded Fredholm module or odd spectral triple. The odd bounded Fredholm modules that are constructed are finitely summable. The spectral triples are $θ$-summable although their bounded transform, when constructed using the sign-function, will already on the level of analytic $K$-cycles …
We construct spectral triples on a class of particular inductive limits of matrix-valued function algebras. In the special case of the Jiang-Su algebra we employ a particular $AF$-embedding.
Examples of noncommutative self-coverings are described, and spectral triples on the base space are extended to spectral triples on the inductive family of coverings, in such a way that the covering projections are locally isometric. Such triples are shown to converge, in a suitable sense, to a semifinite spectral triple on the direct limit of the tower of coverings, which we call noncommutative solenoidal space. Some of the self-coverings described here are given by the inclusion of the fixed point algebra in a C$^*$-algebra acted upon by a finite abelian group. In all the examples treated he…
The external Kasparov product is used to construct odd and even spectral triples on crossed products of $C^*$-algebras by actions of discrete groups which are equicontinuous in a natural sense. When the group in question is $\Z$ this gives another viewpoint on the spectral triples introduced by Belissard, Marcolli and Reihani. We investigate the properties of this construction and apply it to produce spectral triples on the Bunce-Deddens algebra arising from the odometer action on the Cantor set and some other crossed products of AF-algebras.
In general, Morita equivalence of spectral triples need not be a symmetric relation. In this paper, we show that Morita equivalence of spectral triples is an equivalence relation for equivariant torus spectral triples.
Using Cayley graphs and Clifford algebras, we are able to give, for every finitely generated groups, a uniform construction of spectral triples with a generically non-trivial phase for the Dirac operator. Unfortunatly $D_{+}$ is index $0$, but we are naturally led to an interesting classification of finitely generated groups into three types.
Gelfand - Naĭmark theorem supplies a one to one correspondence between commutative $C^*$-algebras and locally compact Hausdorff spaces. So any noncommutative $C^*$-algebra can be regarded as a generalization of a topological space. Similarly a spectral triple is a generalization of a Riemannian manifold. An (infinitely listed) covering of a Riemannian manifold has natural structure of Riemannian manifold. Here we will consider the noncommutative generalization of this result.
A fundamental tool in noncommutative geometry is Connes' character formula. This formula is used in an essential way in the applications of noncommutative geometry to index theory and to the spectral characterisation of manifolds. A non-compact space is modelled in noncommutative geometry by a non-unital spectral triple. Our aim is to establish the Connes character formula for non-unital spectral triples. This is significantly more difficult than in the unital case and we achieve it with the use of recently developed double operator integration techniques. Previously, only partial extensions o…
We give a construction of an odd spectral triple on the Cuntz algebra $O_{N}$, whose $K$-homology class generates the odd $K$-homology group $K^1(O_{N})$. Using a metric measure space structure on the Cuntz-Renault groupoid, we introduce a singular integral operator which is the formal analogue of the logarithm of the Laplacian on a Riemannian manifold. Assembling this operator with the infinitesimal generator of the gauge action on $O_{N}$ yields a $θ$-summable spectral triple whose phase is finitely summable. The relation to previous constructions of Fredholm modules and spectral triples on …
Fuzzy tori are finite dimensional C*-algebras endowed with an appropriate notion of noncommutative geometry inherited from an ergodic action of a finite closed subgroup of the torus, which are meant as finite dimensional approximations of tori and more generally, quantum tori. A mean to specify the geometry of a noncommutative space is by constructing over it a spectral triple. We prove in this paper that we can construct spectral triples on fuzzy tori which, as the dimension grow to infinity and under other natural conditions, converge to a natural spectral triple on quantum tori, in the sens…
Let $T : Λ\to Λ$ be an expanding map on a Cantor set. For each suitably normalized Hölder continuous potential, we construct a spectral triple from which one may recover the associated Gibbs measure as a noncommutative measure.
We review the recent construction of semifinite spectral triples for graph C^*-algebras. These examples have inspired many other developments and we review some of these such as the relation between the semifinite index and the Kasparov product, examples of noncommutative manifolds, and an index theorem in twisted cyclic theory using a KMS state.
We examine the structure of two possible candidates of isometry groups for the spectral triples on $AF$-algebras introduced by Christensen and Ivan. In particular, we completely determine the isometry group introduced by Park, and observe that these groups coincide in the case of the Cantor set. We also show that the construction of spectral triples on crossed products given by Hawkins, Skalski, White and Zacharias, is suitable for the purpose of lifting isometries.
In the abstract pseudodifferential setup of Connes and Moscovici, we prove a general formula for the discrepancies of zeta-regularised traces associated with certain spectral triples, and we introduce a canonical trace on operators, whose order lies outside (minus) the dimension spectrum of the spectral triple.
We construct discrete versions of $κ$-Minkowski space related to a certain compactness of the time coordinate. We show that these models fit into the framework of noncommutative geometry in the sense of spectral triples. The dynamical system of the underlying discrete groups (which include some Baumslag--Solitar groups) is heavily used in order to construct \emph{finitely summable} spectral triples. This allows to bypass an obstruction to finite-summability appearing when using the common regular representation. The dimension of these spectral triples is unrelated to the number of coordinates …
The notion of good spectral triple is initiated. We prove firstly that any regular spectral triple may be embedded in a good spectral triple, so that, in non-commutative geometry, we can restricts to deal only with good spectral triples. Given a good spectral triple K=(A,H,D), we prove that A is naturally endowed with a topology, called the K-topology, making it into an unital Frechet pre C*-algebra, and that the group Inv(A) of its invertible elements has a canonical structure of Frechet Lie group of Campbell-Baker-Hausdorff type open in its Lie algebra A; moreover, for any n>0 one has that K…
We construct spectral triples associated to Schottky--Mumford curves, in such a way that the local Euler factor can be recovered from the zeta functions of such spectral triples. We propose a way of extending this construction to the case where the curve is not k-split degenerate.
In this note, we present a new way to associate a spectral triple to the noncommutative $C^*$-algebra $C^*(Λ)$ of a strongly connected finite higher-rank graph $Λ$. We generalize a spectral triple of Consani and Marcolli from Cuntz-Krieger algebras to higher-rank graph $C^*$-algebras $C^*(Λ)$, and we prove that these spectral triples are intimately connected to the wavelet decomposition of the infinite path space of $Λ$ which was introduced by Farsi, Gillaspy, Kang, and Packer in 2015. In particular, we prove that the wavelet decomposition of Farsi et al. describes the eigenspaces of the Dirac…
Noncommutative geometry provides a framework, via the construction of spectral triples, for the study of the geometry of certain classes of fractals. Many fractals are constructed as natural limits of certain sets with a simpler structure: for instance, the Sierpiński is the limit of finite graphs consisting of various affine images of an equilateral triangle. It is thus natural to ask whether the spectral triples, constructed on a class of fractals called piecewise $C^1$-fractal curves, are indeed limits, in an appropriate sense, of spectral triples on the approximating sets. We answer this q…
We define a metric on the class of metric spectral triples, which is null exactly between spectral triples with unitary equivalent Dirac operators and *-isomorphic underlying C*-algebras. This metric dominates the propinquity, and thus implies metric convergence of the compact quantum metric spaces induced by metric spectral triples. In the process of our construction, we also introduce the covariant modular propinquity, as a key component for the definition of the spectral propinquity.
We study the isospectral deformations of the Eguchi-Hanson spaces along a torus isometric action in the noncompact noncommutative geometry. We concentrate on locality, smoothness and summability conditions of the nonunital spectral triples, and relate them to the geometric conditions to be noncommutative spin manifolds.
