We study nilmanifolds admitting Anosov automorphisms by applying elementary properties of algebraic units in number fields to the associated Anosov Lie algebras. We identify obstructions to the existence of Anosov Lie algebras. The case of 13-dimensional Anosov Lie algebras is worked out as an illustration of the technique. Also, we recapture the following known results: (i) Every 7-dimensional Anosov nilmanifold is toral, and (ii) every 8-dimensional Anosov Lie algebra with 3 or 5-dimensional derived algebra contains an abelian factor.
We construct new families of examples of (real) Anosov Lie algebras starting with algebraic units. We also give examples of indecomposable Anosov Lie algebras (not a direct sum of proper Lie ideals) of dimension 13 and 16, and we conclude that for every $n \geq 6$ with $n \neq 7$ there exists an indecomposable Anosov Lie algebra of dimension $n$.
After more than thirty years, the only known examples of Anosov diffeomorphisms are hyperbolic automorphisms of infranilmanifolds. It is also important to note that the existence of an Anosov automorphism is a really strong condition on an infranilmanifold. Any Anosov automorphism determines an automorphism of the (rational) Lie algebra of the Mal'cev completion of the corresponding lattice which is hyperbolic and unimodular. These two conditions together are strong enough to make of such rational nilpotent Lie algebras (called Anosov Lie algebras) very distinguished objects. In this paper, we…
In this paper we classify algebraic Anosov actions of nilpotent Lie groups on closed manifolds, extending the previous results by P. Tomter. We show that they are all nil-suspensions over either suspensions of Anosov actions of Z^k on nilmanifolds, or (modified) Weyl chamber actions. We check the validity of the generalized Verjovsky conjecture in this algebraic context. We also point out an intimate relation between algebraic Anosov actions and Cartan subalgebras in general real Lie groups.
We show that all $C^\infty$ Anosov $Z^r$-actions on tori and nilmanifolds without rank-one factor actions are, up to $C^\infty$ conjugacy, actions by automorphisms.
The classification of all real and rational Anosov Lie algebras up to dimension 8 is given by Lauret and Will. In this paper we study 9-dimensional Anosov Lie algebras by using the properties of very special algebraic numbers and Lie algebra classification tools. We prove that there exists a unique (up to a Lie algebra isomorphism) complex 3-step Anosov Lie algebra of dimension 9. In the 2-step case, we prove that a 2-step real 9-dimensional Anosov Lie algebra with no abelian factor must have a 3-dimensional derived algebra and we characterize these Lie algebras in terms of their Pfaffian form…
For algebraic Anosov diffeomorphisms we first express the reduced leafwise cohomology with respect to the unstable foliation in terms of finite dimensional Lie algebra cohomology. We then prove a dynamical Lefschetz trace formula for the induced action on this cohomology using a result of Nomizu. We also consider generalized Anosov maps for which the cohomology in question is no longer finite dimensional in general. Using the representation theory of nilpotent Lie groups we still arrive at a meaningful definition of traces on cohomology. Again we establish a dynamical Lefschetz trace formula.
Each matrix A in GL_n(Z) naturally defines an automorphism f of the free r-step nilpotent Lie algebra on n generators. We study the relationship between the matrix A and the eigenvalues and rational invariant subspaces for f. We give applications to the study of Anosov automorphisms.
An infra-nilmanifold is a manifold which is constructed as a quotient space $Γ\backslash G$ of a simply connected nilpotent Lie group $G$, where $Γ$ is a discrete group acting properly discontinuously and cocompactly on $G$ via so called affine maps. The manifold $Γ\backslash G$ is said to be modeled on the Lie group $G$. This class of manifolds is conjectured to be the only class of closed manifolds allowing an Anosov diffeomorphism. However, it is far from obvious which of these infra--nilmanifolds actually do admit an Anosov diffeomorphism. In this paper we completely solve this question fo…
It is conjectured that every manifold admitting an Anosov diffeomorphism is, up to homeomorphism, finitely covered by a nilmanifold. Motivated by this conjecture, an important problem is to determine which nilmanifolds admit an Anosov diffeomorphism. The main theorem of this article gives a general method for constructing Anosov diffeomorphisms on nilmanifolds. As a consequence, we give counterexamples to a corollary of the classification of low-dimensional nilmanifolds with Anosov diffeomorphisms and a correction to this statement is proven. This method also answers some open questions about …
In this article, we develop a geometric framework to study the notion of semi-minimality for the generic type of a smooth autonomous differential equation $(X,v)$, based on the study of rational factors of $(X,v)$ and of algebraic foliations on $X$, invariant under the Lie-derivative of the vector field $v$. We then illustrate the effectiveness of these methods by showing that certain autonomous algebraic differential equation of order three defined over the field of real numbers --- more precisely, those associated to mixing, compact, Anosov flows of dimension three --- are generically disint…
We study 9 and 10-dimensional Anosov Lie algebras, by using the properties of very special algebraic numbers. We classify k-step complex Anosov Lie algebras for $k>2$ and in the two step case, we give an example in each possible type, or we give a non-existence result.
We consider Anosov actions of a Lie group $G$ of dimension $k$ on a closed manifold of dimension $k+n.$We introduce the notion of Nil-Anosov action of $G$ (which includes the case where $G$ is nilpotent) and establishes the invariance by the entire group $G$of the associated stable and unstable foliations. We then prove a spectral decomposition Theoremfor such an action when the group $G$ is nilpotent. Finally, we focus on the case where $G$ is nilpotent andthe unstable bundle has codimension one. We prove that in this case the action is a Nil-extensionover an Anosov action of an abelian Lie g…
Anosov diffeomorphisms on closed Riemannian manifolds are a type of dynamical systems exhibiting uniform hyperbolic behavior. Therefore their properties are intensively studied, including which spaces allow such a diffeomorphism. It is conjectured that any closed manifold admitting an Anosov diffeomorphism is homeomorphic to an infra-nilmanifold, i.e. a compact quotient of a 1-connected nilpotent Lie group by a discrete group of isometries. This conjecture motivates the problem of describing which infra-nilmanifolds admit an Anosov diffeomorphism. So far, most research was focused on the restr…
A few years ago, the first example of a closed manifold admitting an Anosov diffeomorphism but no expanding map was given. Unfortunately, this example is not explicit and is high-dimensional, although its exact dimension is unknown due to the type of construction. In this paper, we present a family of concrete 12-dimensional nilmanifolds with an Anosov diffeomorphism but no expanding map, where nilmanifolds are defined as the quotient of a 1-connected nilpotent Lie group by a cocompact lattice. We show that this family has the smallest possible dimension in the class of infra-nilmanifolds, whi…
In this note, we deduce a partial answer to the question in the title. In particular, we show that asymptotically almost all bi-Perron algebraic unit whose characteristic polynomial has degree at most $2n$ do not correspond to dilatations of pseudo-Anosov maps on a closed orientable surface of genus $n$ for $n\geq 10$. As an application of the argument, we also obtain a statement on the number of closed geodesics of the same length in the moduli space of area one abelian differentials for low genus cases.
With the goal to study and better understand algebraic Anosov actions of $\mathbb R^k$, we develop a higher codimensional analogue of the contact distribution on odd dimensional manifolds, call such structure a generalized $k$-contact structure. We show that there exist an $\mathbb R^k$-action associated with this structure, afterwards, we relate this structure with the Weyl chamber actions and a few more general algebraic Anosov actions, proving that such actions admits a compatible generalized $k$-contact structure.
We construct examples of two-step and three-step nilpotent Lie groups whose automorphism groups are `small' in the sense of either not having a dense orbit for the action on the Lie group, or being nilpotent (the latter being stronger). From the results we get also new examples of compact manifolds covered by two-step simply connected Lie groups, which do not admit Anosov automorphisms.
In every connected component of every stratum of Abelian differentials, we construct square-tiled surfaces with one vertical and one horizontal cylinder. We show that for all but the hyperelliptic components this can be achieved in the minimum number of squares necessary for a square-tiled surface in that stratum. For the hyperelliptic components, we show that the number of squares required is strictly greater and construct surfaces realising these bounds. Using these surfaces, we demonstrate that pseudo-Anosov homeomorphisms optimising the ratio of Teichmüller to curve graph translation lengt…
We study the behavior of hyperbolic affine automorphisms of a translation surface which is infinite in area and genus that is obtained as a limit of surfaces built from regular polygons studied by Veech. We find that hyperbolic affine automorphisms are not recurrent and yet their action restricted to cylinders satisfies a mixing-type formula with polynomial decay. Then we consider the extent to which the action of these hyperbolic affine automorphisms satisfy Thurston's definition of a pseudo-Anosov homeomorphism. In particular we study the action of these automorphisms on simple closed curves…
We prove a result motivated by Williams's classification of expanding attractors and the Franks-Newhouse Theorem on codimension-1 Anosov diffeomorphisms: If a mixing hyperbolic attractor has 1-dimensional unstable manifolds then it is either is expanding or is homeomorphic to a compact abelian group (a toral solenoid); in the latter case the dynamics is conjugate to a group automorphism. As a corollary we obtain a classification of all 2-dimensional basic sets in 3-manifolds. Furthermore we classify all hyperbolic attractors in 3-manifolds in terms of the classically studied examples, answerin…
In this paper, we study positive as well as non-negative and non-trivial gradings on finite dimensional Lie algebras. We give a different proof that the existence of such a grading on a Lie algebra is invariant under taking field extensions, a result very recently obtained by Y. Cornulier. Similarly, we prove that given a grading of one these types and a finite group of automorphisms, there always exist a positive grading which is preserved by this group. From these results we conclude that the existence of an expanding map or a non-trivial self-cover on an infra-nilmanifold depends only on th…
A family of Lie algebras of minimal dimension associated with vector fields that define a non-linear dynamical system is calculated. These Lie algebras contain the Heinsenberg algebra. An element that distinguishes these vector fields is called evapotranspiration function. This function can be calculated solving equations in partial derivatives that arise in determining the Heinsenberg algebra. Using Kozsul homology for this Lie algebras, Euler characteristic is calculated.
