On correspondences of a K3 surface with itself. IV
C. G. Madonna, Viacheslav V. Nikulin
备注：
14 pages; Var2: Exposition polished
发表信息：
Some results obtained here are part of:: C.G.Madonna and V.V.Nikulin, Explicit correspondences of a K3 surface with itself, Izvestiya: Mathematics 72 (2008), no. 3
Let $X$ be a K3 surface with a polarization $H$ of the degree $H^2=2rs$, $r,s\ge 1$, and the isotropic Mukai vector $v=(r,H,s)$ is primitive. The moduli space of sheaves over $X$ with the isotropic Mukai vector $(r,H,s)$ is again a K3 surface, $Y$. In \cite{Nik2} the second author gave necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of Picard lattice $N(X)$ of $X$ when $Y$ is isomorphic to $X$ (some important particular cases were also considered in math.AG/0206158, math.AG/0304415 and math.AG/0307355).
Here we show that these conditions imply existence of an isomorphism between $Y$ and $X$ which is a composition of some universal geometric isomorphisms between moduli of sheaves over $X$, and geometric Tyurin's isomorphsim between moduli of sheaves over $X$ and $X$ itself. It follows that for a general K3 surface $X$ with $ρ(X)=\text{rk\}N(X)\le 2$ and $Y\cong X$, there exists an isomorphism $Y\cong X$ which is a composition of the geometric universal and the Tyurin's isomorphisms.
This generalizes our recent results math.AG/0605362 and math.AG/0606239 to a general case.
Let $X$ be an algebraic K3 surface, $v=(r,H,s)$ a primitive isotropic Mukai vector on $X$ and $M_X(v)$ the moduli of sheaves over $X$ with $v$. Let $N(X)$ be Picard lattice of $X$. In math.AG/0309348 and math.AG/0606289, all divisors in moduli of $(X,H)$ (i. e. pairs $H\in N(X)$ with $\rk N(X)=2$) implying $M_X(v)\cong X$ were described. They give some Mukai's correspondences of $X$ with itself. Applying these results, we show that there exists $v$ and a codimension 2 submoduli in moduli of $(X,H)$ (i. e. a pair $H\in N(X)$ with $\rk N(X)=3$) implying $M_X(v)\cong X$, but this submoduli cannot…
Let X be a K3 surface with a polarization H with H^2=2rs. Assume that H.N(X)=Z for the Picard lattice N(X). The moduli space Y of sheaves over X with the Mukai vector (r,H,s) is again a K3 surface. We prove that Y\cong X, if there exists h_1\in N(X) with (h_1)^2=f(r,s), H.h_1\equiv 0\mod g(r,s), and h_1 satisfies some condition of primitivity. Existence of such type a criterion is surprising, and also gives some geometric interpretation of elements in N(X) with negative square. We describe all 18-dimensional irreducible components of moduli of the (X,H) with Y\cong X and prove that their numbe…
Let $X$ be a K3 surface, and $H$ its primitive polarization of the degree $H^2=2rs$, $r,s\ge 1$. The moduli space of sheaves over $X$ with the isotropic Mukai vector $(r,H,s)$ is again a K3 surface, $Y$. In math.AG/0206158, math.AG/0304415 and math.AG/0307355 (in general) we gave necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of Picard lattice $N(X)$ of $X$ when $Y$ is isomorphic to $X$, under the additional condition $H\cdot N(X)=\bz$. Here we show that these conditions imply existence of an isomorphism between $Y$ and $X$ which is a composition of some universal isomorphisms between moduli of …
Let X be a K3 surface with a polarization H of degree H^2=2rs and with a primitive Mukai vector (r,H,s). The moduli space of sheaves over X with the isotropic Mukai vector (r,H,s) is again a K3 surface Y. We prove that Y\cong X, if Picard lattice N(X) has an element h_1 with h_1^2=f(r,s), and the pair (H,h_1) satisfies a finite number of congruence conditions modulo N_i(r,s). These conditions are exactly written and are necessary for Y\cong X, if X is general with rk N(X)=2. Existence of such criterion is surprising and gives some geometric interpretation of elements in N(X) with negative squa…
In this paper we show that there is a correspondence between some $K3$ surfaces with non-isometric transcendental lattices constructed as a twist of the transcendental lattice of the Jacobian of a generic genus 2 curve. Moreover, we show the existence of a correspondence between a general $K3$ surface with $ρ=17$ and a Kummer surface having transcendental lattices $\QQ$-Hodge isomorphic.
We define the singular orbifold elliptic genus and $E$-function for all normal surfaces without strictly log-canonical singularities, and prove the analogue of the McKay correspondence in this setting. Our invariants generalize the stringy invariants defined by Willem Veys for this class of singularities. We show that the ability to define these invariants is closely linked to rigidity phenomena associated to the elliptic genus.
Bloch's conjecture for a surface $X$ over an algebraically closed field $k$ states that every homologically trivial correspondence $Γ$ acts as 0 on the Albanese kernel $T(X_Ω)$, where $Ω$ is a universal domain containing $k$. Here we prove that, for a complex K3 surface $X$, Bloch's conjecture is equivalent to the existence of a valence for every correspondence. We also give applications of this result to the case of a correspondence associated to an automorphisms of finite order and to the existence of constant cycle curves on $X$. Finally we show that Franchetta's conjecture, as stated by K.…
We extend the Horrocks correspondence between vector bundles and cohomology modules on the projective plane to the product of two projective lines. We introduce a set of invariants for a vector bundle on the product of two projective lines, which includes the first cohomology module of the bundle, and prove that there is a one to one correspondence between these sets of invariants and isomorphism classes of vector bundles without line bundle summands.
We prove the nonequivariant coherent-constructible correspondence conjectured by Fang-Liu-Treumann-Zaslow in the case of toric surfaces. Our proof is based on describing a semi-orthogonal decomposition of the constructible side under toric point blow-up and comparing it with Orlov's theorem.
In this paper we introduce a space with some additional topologies using filter bases and renew the definition of Riemann surfaces of algebraic functions. We then present a Galois correspondence between these Riemann surfaces and their deck transformation groups. We also extend the monodromy theorem to the case that the global analytic function possesses singularities, which can be non-isolated.
We study arithmetic intersections on twisted (quaternionic) Hilbert modular surfaces and Shimura curves over a real quadratic field. Our first main result is the determination of the degree of the top arithmetic Todd class of an arithmetic twisted Hilbert modular surface. This quantity is then related to the arithmetic volume of a Shimura curve, via the arithmetic Grothendieck-Riemann-Roch theorem and the Jacquet-Langlands correspondence.
By analytic deformations of complex structures, we mean perturbations of the Dolbeault operator. By algebraic deformations of complex structures, we mean deformations of holomorphic glueing data. For complex manifolds there is, infinitesimally, a correspondence between these two types deformations. In this article we argue that an analogous correspondence holds between the analytic and algebraic deformations of a super Riemann surface.
An integral hyperbolic lattice is called reflective if its automorphism group is generated by reflections, up to finite index. Since 1981, it is known that their number is essentially finite. We show that K3 surfaces over C with reflective Picard lattices can be characterized in terms of compositions of their self-correspondences via moduli of sheaves with primitive isotropic Mukai vector: Their self-correspondences with integral action on the Picard lattice are numerically equivalent to compositions of a finite number of especially simple self-correspondences via moduli of sheaves. This relat…
We prove that the open Gromov-Witten invariants on K3 surfaces satisfy the Kontsevich-Soibelman wall-crossing formula. One one hand, this gives a geometric interpretation of the slab functions in Gross-Siebert program. On the other hands, the open Gromov-Witten invariants coincide with the weighted counting of tropical discs. This is an analog of the corresponding theorem on toric varieties \cite{M2}\cite{NS} but on compact Calabi-Yau surfaces.
We develop a complete Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence for twisted pairs on a compact Riemann surface X. The main novelty lies in a careful study of the the notion of polystability for pairs, required for having a bijective correspondence between solutions to the Hermite-Einstein equations, on one hand, and polystable pairs, on the other. Our results allow us to establish rigorously the homemomorphism between the moduli space of polystable G-Higgs bundles on X and the character variety for representations of the fundamental group of X in G. We also study in detail several interesting examples …
Let $X$ be a smooth complete curve, and let $Bun_n$ be the moduli stack of rank $n$ vector bundles on $X$. Let $E$ be a local system on $X$. In a recent paper of E.Frenkel, K.Vilonen and the author, it was shown that the vanishing of a certian functor $Av_E^d$ acting from the category $D(Bun_n)$ to itself, implies the geometric Langlands conjecture. In this paper we establish the required vanishing result. Our proof works for sheaves with char=0 coefficients, or with torsion coefficients when the parameter $d$ is less than the characteristic.
We revisit the classical two-dimensional McKay correspondence in two respects: The first one, which is the main point of this work, is that we take into account of the multiplicative structure given by the orbifold product; second, instead of using cohomology, we deal with the Chow motives. More precisely, we prove that for any smooth proper two-dimensional orbifold with projective coarse moduli space, there is an isomorphism of algebra objects, in the category of complex Chow motives, between the motive of the minimal resolution and the orbifold motive. In particular, the complex Chow ring (r…
We compute equations for real multiplication on the divisor classes of genus two curves via algebraic correspondences. We do so by implementing van Wamelen's method for computing equations for endomorphisms of Jacobians on examples drawn from the algebraic models for Hilbert modular surfaces computed by Elkies and Kumar. We also compute a correspondence over the universal family for the Hilbert modular surface of discriminant 5 and use our equations to prove a conjecture of A. Wright on dynamics over the moduli space of Riemann surfaces.
We consider the problem of comparing t-structures under the derived McKay correspondence and for tilting equivalences. We relate the t-structures using certain natural torsion theories. As an application, we give a criterion for rationality for surfaces with a tilting bundle. In particular we show that every smooth projective surface which admits a full, strong, exceptional collection of line bundles is rational.
Let $X$ be a K3 surface, and $H$ its primitive polarization of the degree $H^2=8$. The moduli space of sheaves over $X$ with the isotropic Mukai vector $(2,H,2)$ is again a K3 surface, $Y$. In math.AG/0206158 we gave necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of Picard lattice of $X$ when $Y$ is isomorphic to $X$. The proof of sufficient condition in math.AG/0206158, when $Y$ is isomorphic to $X$, used Global Torelli Theorem for K3 surfaces, and it was not effective. Here we give an effective variant of these results: its sufficient part gives an explicit isomorphism between $Y$ and $X$. We …
The paper establishes a correspondence relating two specific classes of complex algebraic K3 surfaces. The first class consists of K3 surfaces polarized by the rank-sixteen lattice H+E_7+E_7. The second class consists of K3 surfaces obtained as minimal resolutions of double covers of the projective plane branched over a configuration of six lines. The correspondence underlies a geometric two-isogeny of K3 surfaces.
Let $G$ be a finite subgroup of $\mbox{GL}(2)$ acting on $\mathbf{A}^2\setminus\{0\}$ freely. The $G$-orbit Hilbert scheme $G\mbox{-Hilb}(\mathbf{A}^2)$ is a minimal resolution of the quotient $\mathbf{A}^2/G$. We determine the generator sheaf of the ideal defining the universal $G$-cluster over $G\mbox{-Hilb}(\mathbf{A}^2)$, which somewhat strengthens the well-known McKay correspondence for a finite subgroup of $\mbox{SL}(2)$. We also study the quiver structure of $G\mbox{-Hilb}(\mathbf{A}^2)$ at every $G$-cluster $O_{Z_y}=O_{\mathbf{A}^2}/I_y$ in terms of a collection of sort of minimal $G$-…
A finite subgroup of ${\rm SL}_2(\CC)$ defines a (Kleinian) rational surface singularity. The McKay correspondence yields a relation between the Poincaré series of the algebra of invariants of such a group and the characteristic polynomials of certain Coxeter elements determined by the corresponding singularity. Here we consider some non-abelian finite subgroups $G$ of ${\rm SL}_3(\CC)$. They define non-isolated three-dimensional Gorenstein quotient singularities. We consider suitable hyperplane sections of such singularities which are Kleinian or Fuchsian surface singularities. We show that w…
In 70's there was discovered a construction how to attach to some algebraic-geometric data an infinite-dimensional subspace in the space k((z)) of the Laurent power series. The construction was successfully used in the theory of integrable systems, particularly, for the KP and KdV equations. There were also found some applications to the moduli of algebraic curves. But there remained a hard restriction by the case of curves, so by dimension 1. Recently, it was pointed out by the author that there are some connections between the theory of the KP-equations and the theory of n-dimensional local …
Let $X$ be a compact connected Riemann surface of genus at least two and $G$ a connected reductive complex affine algebraic group. The Riemann--Hilbert correspondence produces a biholomorphism between the moduli space ${\mathcal M}_X(G)$ parametrizing holomorphic $G$--connections on $X$ and the $G$--character variety $${\mathcal R}(G):= \text{Hom}(π_1(X, x_0), G)/\!\!/G\, .$$ While ${\mathcal R}(G)$ is known to be affine, we show that ${\mathcal M}_X(G)$ is not affine. The scheme ${\mathcal R}(G)$ has an algebraic symplectic form constructed by Goldman. We construct an algebraic symplectic for…
We study the images of tautological bundles on Hilbert schemes of points on surfaces and their wedge powers under the derived McKay correspondence. The main observation of the paper is that using a derived equivalence differing slightly from the standard one considerably simplifies both the results and their proofs. As an application, we obtain shorter proofs for known results as well as new formulae for homological invariants of tautological sheaves. In particular, we compute the extension groups between wedge powers of tautological bundles associated to line bundles on the surface.
We consider relationships between families of K3 surfaces, in the context of string theory. An important ingredient of string theory also of interest in algebraic geometry is T-duality. Donagi and Pantev have extended the original duality on genus one fibred K3 surfaces with a section to the case of any genus one fibration, via a Fourier-Mukai transform. We investigate possibilities of extending this result to the more general case of non fibred K3s, in the context of Caldararu's conjecture. We also provide an explicit construction of a quasi-universal sheaf associated to the classical Mukai c…
We describe two ways to construct finite rational morphisms between fiber products of rational elliptic surfaces with section and some Calabi--Yau manifolds. We use them to construct correspondences between such fiber products that admit at most five singular fibers and rigid Calabi--Yau threefolds.
There is a beautiful correspondence between configurations of lines on a rational surface and tautological bundles over that surface. We extend this correspondence to families, by means of a generalized Fourier-Mukai transform that relates spectral data to bundles over a rational surface fibration.
A `coherent system' $(\Cal E,V)$, consists of a holomorphic bundle plus a linear subspace of its space of holomorphic sections. Based on the usual notion in Geometric Invariant Theory, a notion of slope stability has been defined for such objects (by Le Potier, and also by Rhagavendra and Vishwanath). In this paper we show that stability in this sense is equivalent to the existence of solutions to a certain set of gauge theoretic equations. One of the equations is essentially the vortex equation (i.e. the Hermitian-Einstein equation with an additional zeroth order term), and the other is an or…
It is well known that a $2$-dimensional cyclic quotient singularity $\overline{W}$ has the same singularity category as a finite dimensional associative algebra $\overline{R}$ introduced by Kalck and Karmazyn. We study the deformations of the algebra $\overline{R}$ induced by the deformations of the surface $\overline{W}$ to a smooth surface. We show that they are Morita--equivalent to path algebras $\hat{R}$ of acyclic quivers for general smoothings within each irreducible component of the versal deformation space of $\overline{W}$ (as described by Kollár and Shepherd-Barron). Furthermore, $\…
The quotient singularities of dimensions two and three obtained from polyhedral groups and the corresponding binary polyhedral groups admit natural resolutions of singularities as Hilbert schemes of regular orbits whose exceptional fibres over the origin reveal similar properties. We construct a morphism between these two resolutions, contracting exactly the excess part of the exceptional fibre. This construction is motivated by the study of some pencils of K3-surfaces arising as minimal resolutions of quotients of nodal surfaces with high symmetries.
In a recent paper Ahlgren, Ono and Penniston described the L-series of K3 surfaces from a certain one parameter family in terms of those of a particular family of elliptic curves. The Tate conjecture predicts the existence of a correspondence between these K3 surfaces and certain Kummer surfaces related to these elliptic curves. A geometric construction of this correspondence is given here, using results of D. Morrison on Nikulin involutions.
A five dimensional Sasaki-Einstein (SE) manifold provides a AdS/CFT pair for four dimensional $\mathcal{N}=1$ SCFT, and those pairs are very useful in studying field theory and AdS/CFT correspondence. The space of known SE manifolds is increased significantly in the last decade, and we initiated the study of various field theory properties through the geometric property of these new SE manifolds. There is an associated three dimensional log-terminal singularity $X$ for each SE manifold $L_X$, and for quasi-regular case, there is an associated two dimensional log Del Pezzo surface $(S,Δ)$. The …
We consider the algebra of Hecke correspondences (elementary transformations at a single point) acting on the algebraic K-theory groups of the moduli spaces of stable sheaves on a smooth projective surface S. We derive quadratic relations between the Hecke correspondences, and compare the algebra they generate with the Ding-Iohara-Miki algebra (at a suitable specialization of parameters), as well as with a generalized shuffle algebra.
Let X be a K3 surface which is intersection of three (a net P^2) of quadrics in P^5. The curve of degenerate quadrics has degree 6 and defines a double covering of P^2 K3 surface Y ramified in this curve. This is a classical example of a correspondence between K3 surfaces which is related with moduli of vector bundles on K3 studied by Mukai. When general (for fixed Picard lattices) X and Y are isomorphic? We give necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of Picard lattices of X and Y. E.g. for Picard number 2, the Picard lattice of X and Y is defined by its determinant (-d) where d>0, d\equ…
Let E be a Real or Quaternionic Hermitian vector bundle over a Klein surface M. We study the action of the gauge group of E on the space of Galois-invariant unitary connections and we show that the closure of a semi-stable orbit contains a unique unitary orbit of projectively flat, Galois-invariant connections. We then use this invariant-theoretic perspective to prove a version of the Narasimhan-Seshadri correspondence in this context: S-equivalence classes of semi-stable Real and Quaternionic vector bundes are in bijective correspondence with equivalence classes of certain appropriate represe…
Let X be a K3 surface and H a primitive polarization of degree H^2=2a^2, a>1. The moduli space of sheaves over X with the isotropic Mukai vector (a,H,a) is again a K3 surface Y which is endowed by a natural nef element h with h^2=2. We give necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of Picard lattices N(X) and N(Y) when Y\cong X, generalising our results math.AG/0206158 for a=2. E.g. we show that Y\cong X if for one of α=\pm 1,\pm 2 which is coprime to a there exists h_1\in N(X) such that h_1^2= 2αa, H\cdot h_1\equiv 0\mod αa, and the primitive sublattice [H,h_1]_{pr} \subset N(X) contains x…
Let S be a projective K3 surface. It is proved that the 0-dimensional cusps of the Kahler moduli of S are in one-to-one correspondence with the twisted Fourier-Mukai partners of S. This leads to a counting formula for the 0-dimensional cusps of the Kahler moduli. Applications to rational maps between K3 surfaces with large Picard numbers are given. When the Picard number of S is 1, the bijective correspondence is calculated explicitly.
In this paper we describe the unramified Langlands correspondence for two-dimensional local fields, we construct a categorical analogue of the unramified principal series representations and study its properties. The main tool for this description is the construction of a central extension. For this (and other) central extension we prove noncommutative reciprocity laws (i.e. the splitting of the central extensions over some subgroups) for arithmetic surfaces and projective surfaces over a finite field. These reciprocity laws connect central extensions which are constructed locally and globally…
It is well-known that del Pezzo surfaces of degree $9-n$ one-to-one correspond to flat $E_n$ bundles over an elliptic curve. In this paper, we construct $ADE$ bundles over a broader class of rational surfaces which we call $ADE$ surfaces, and extend the above correspondence to all flat $G$ bundles over an elliptic curve, where $G$ is any simply laced, simple, compact and simply-connected Lie group. In the sequel, we will construct $G$ bundles for non-simply laced Lie group $G$ over these rational surfaces, and extend the above correspondence to non-simply laced cases.
We study the class of complex algebraic K3 surfaces admitting an embedding of H+E8+E8 inside the Neron-Severi lattice. These special K3 surfaces are classified by a pair of modular invariants, in the same manner that elliptic curves over the field of complex numbers are classified by the J-invariant. Via the canonical Shioda-Inose structure we construct a geometric correspondence relating K3 surfaces of the above type with abelian surfaces realized as cartesian products of two elliptic curves. We then use this correspondence to determine explicit formulas for the modular invariants.
Let (S,H) be a polarized K3 surface, $E$ be a coherent sheaf on S and W be a linear subspace in the space of global sections H^0(S,E). If we are lucky, there is an exact sequence 0 -> W tensor O -> E -> E' -> 0, which gives a correspondence between moduli spaces of sheaves of different ranks on S. We used this correspondence in the first part of the paper in order to establish some properties of Brill-Noether loci in the moduli spaces. We allow E to be either locally free, torsion free of rank one, or a line bundle with support on a curve, thus studying simultaneously Brill-Noether special vec…
In this paper, second installment in a series of three, we give a correspondence theorem to relate the count of genus $g$ curves in a fixed linear system in an abelian surface to a tropical count. To do this, we relate the linear system defined by a complex curve to certain integrals of 1-forms over cycles in the curve. We then give an expression for the tropical multiplicity provided by the correspondence theorem, and prove the invariance for the associated refined multiplicity, thus introducing refined invariants of Block-Göttsche type in abelian surfaces.
