Julio Fernandez, Josep Gonzalez, Joan-C. Lario
Given an odd representation of the absolute Galois group of Q onto PGL(2,3) and a positive integer N, there exists a twisted modular curve defined over Q whose rational points classify the quadratic Q-curves of degree N realizing the representation. The paper gives a method to provide an explicit plane quartic model for this curve in the genus-three case N=5.
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In this paper we inspect from closer the local and global points of the twists of the Klein quartic. For the local ones we use geometric arguments, while for the global ones we strongly use the modular interpretation of the twists. The main result is providing families with (conjecturally infinitely many) twists of the Klein quartic that at counter-examples to the Hasse principle.
Twisted Siegel-Weil formulas for $\mathrm{GL}_2$ over non-Galois quartic CM fields
研究非伽罗瓦四次CM域上\(\mathrm{GL}_2\)的扭曲西格尔 - 韦伊公式，通过联系扭曲西塔积分与赫克积分的土居 - 永野提升，证明雅克比 - 朗兰兹对应基变换是同构，还得出博切尔兹形式扭曲CM值相关结论。
We study the behavior under twisting of the Selmer rank parities of a self-dual prime-degree isogeny on a principally polarized abelian variety defined over a number field, subject to compatibility relations between the twists and the isogeny. In particular, we study isogenies on abelian varieties whose Selmer rank parities are related to the rank parities of elliptic curves with $j$-invariant 0 or 1728, assuming the Shafarevich-Tate conjecture. Using these results, we show how to classify the conjectural rank parities of all quartic or sextic twists of an elliptic curve defined over a number …
We determine the limiting distribution of the normalized Euler factors of an abelian threefold A defined over a number field k when A is geometrically isogenous to the cube of a CM elliptic curve defined over k. As an application, we classify the Sato-Tate distributions of the Jacobians of twists of the Fermat and Klein quartics, obtaining 54 and 23, respectively, and 60 in total. We encounter a new phenomenon not visible in dimensions 1 or 2: the limiting distribution of the normalized Euler factors is not determined by the limiting distributions of their coefficients.
In this paper we explicitly compute equations for the twists of all the smooth plane quartic curves defined over a number field k. Since the plane quartic curves are non-hyperelliptic curves of genus 3 we can apply the method developed by the author in a previous article. The starting point is a classification due to Henn of the plane quartic curves with non-trivial automorphism group up to C-isomorphism.
Let $E$ be an elliptic curve over $\mathbf{Q}$. We conjecture asymptotic estimates for the number of vanishings of $L(E,1,χ)$ as $χ$ varies over all primitive Dirichlet characters of orders 4 and 6, subject to a mild hypothesis on $E$. Our conjectures about these families come from conjectures about random unitary matrices as predicted by the philosophy of Katz-Sarnak. We support our conjectures with numerical evidence. Earlier work by David, Fearnley and Kisilevsky formulates analogous conjectures for characters of any odd prime order. In the composite order case, however, we need to justify …
We study the arithmetic of the twist of the Fermat quartic defined by $X^4 + Y^4 + Z^4 = 0$ which has no $\mathbb{Q}$-rational point. We calculate the Mordell--Weil group of the Jacobian variety explicilty. We show that the degree $0$ part of the Picard group is a free $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$-module of rank $2$, whereas the Mordell--Weil group is a free $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$-module of rank $3$. Thus the relative Brauer group is non-trivial. We also show that this quartic violates the local-global property for linear determinantal representations.
We study twists of the Burkhardt quartic threefold over non-algebraically closed base fields of characteristic different from 2,3,5. We show they all admit quartic models in projective four-space. We identify a Galois-cohomological obstruction that measures if a given twist is birational to a moduli space of abelian varieties. This obstruction has implications for the rational points on these varieties. As a result, we see that all possible 3-level structures can be realized by abelian surfaces, whereas Kummer 3-level structures that group-theoretically may be admissible, may not be realizable…
Tate-Shafarevich results for quartic twists in characteristic $2$
本文研究偶特征函数域上的椭圆曲线，通过具4阶自同构的极大曲线的函数域构造$\u211d_2$上超奇异椭圆曲线的四次扭转，给出由相关曲线亏格表示的Mordell-Weil秩公式，以得到任意大秩的椭圆曲线。
On the conductor of Ciani plane quartics
本文通过Ciani不变量确定非特殊Ciani四次曲线在潜在良约化素数处的导子指数，并给出重构算法及模型下降方法。
Let $Y$ be the complement of a plane quartic curve $D$ defined over a number field. Our main theorem confirms the Lang-Vojta conjecture for $Y$ when $D$ is a generic smooth quartic curve, by showing that its integral points are confined in a curve except for a finite number of exceptions. The required finiteness will be obtained by reducing it to the Shafarevich conjecture for K3 surfaces. Some variants of our method confirm the same conjecture when $D$ is a reducible generic quartic curve which consists of four lines, two lines and a conic, or two conics.
Semistable reduction of plane quartics at $p=3$
本文利用三次覆盖及 Cohen–Temkin–Trushin 微分函数，给出 $p=3$ 时平面四次曲线半稳定约化的显式计算算法与 SageMath 实现，并应用于 $X^+_{ns}(27)$ 的商曲线。
Given a smooth plane quartic curve C over a field k of characteristic 0, with Jacobian variety J, and a marked rational point P of C(k), we construct a reductive group G and a G-variety X, together with an injection J(k)/2J(k) -> G(k)\X(k). We do this using the Mumford theta group of J, and a construction of Lurie which passes from Heisenberg groups to Lie algebras.
Explicit Brauer-Manin obstructions on plane quartics
本文提出一种方法，用于证明数域上的平面四次曲线无有理点，并扩展至一般光滑射影曲线，无需计算相关étale代数的全S-单位群，提升了应用范围。
Reduction of Plane Quartics and Cayley Octads
本文基于Cayley八元组提出平面四次曲线稳定约化的p-adic判别准则，可高效判定42种稳定约化类型及是否超椭圆，并通过显式曲线族和数值例子加以验证。
Algebraic integers in totally imaginary quartic number fields are not discrete in the complex plane under a fixed embedding, which makes it impossible to visualize all integers in the plane, unlike the quadratic imaginary algebraic integers. In this note we consider a naturally occurring discrete subset of the algebraic integers with similar properties as lattices. For the fifth cyclotomic field, we investigate those integers with absolute values under a fixed embedding in a given bound. We show that such integers form a discrete set in the complex plane. It is observed that this subset has qu…
We present an explicit method that, given a generic tuple of Dixmier-Ohno invariants, reconstructs a corresponding plane quartic curve.
Computing torsion for plane quartics without using height bounds
本文提出了一种无需高度界即可计算平面四次曲线雅可比簇有理 torsion 子群的算法，通过模素数降解和小数域搜索实现，已在 Magma 中实现并应用于大量数据集。
Reduction of Plane Quartics and Dixmier-Ohno invariants
本文利用Dixmier-Ohno不变量刻画了平面四次曲线的奇点类型，并据此给出了判定亏格3非超椭圆曲线稳定约化类型的新准则。
Three-Torsion Subgroups and Wild Conductor Exponents of Plane Quartics
本文提出算法，通过三次曲线与方程组描述并计算平面四次曲线雅可比簇的3-挠子群，并利用其伽罗瓦结构计算局部野导子指数。
Computing the semistable reduction of a particular plane quartic curve at $p=3$
本研究介绍了确定特定平面四次曲线在$p=3$处半稳定约化的方法，该曲线与非分裂Cartan模曲线$X^+_{ns}(27)$有理点计算研究相关。
We give examples of smooth plane quartics over $\mathbb{Q}$ with complex multiplication over $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}$ by a maximal order with primitive CM type. We describe the required algorithms as we go, these involve the reduction of period matrices, the fast computation of Dixmier-Ohno invariants, and reconstruction from these invariants. Finally, we discuss some of the reduction properties of the curves that we obtain.
We consider moduli spaces of plane quartics marked with various structures such as Cayley octads, Aronhold heptads, Steiner complexes and Göpel subsets and determine their cohomology. This answers a series of questions of Jesse Wolfson. We also explore some arithmetic applications over finite fields.
We study the arithmetic of bitangents of smooth quartics over global fields. With the aid of computer algebra systems and using Elsenhans--Jahnel's results on the inverse Galois problem for bitangents, we show that, over any global field of characteristic different from $2$, there exist smooth quartics which have bitangents over every local field, but do not have bitangents over the global field. We give an algorithm to find such quartics explicitly, and give an example over $\mathbb{Q}$. We also discuss a similar problem concerning symmetric determinantal representations. This paper is a summ…
The family of Euclidean triangles having some fixed perimeter and area can be identified with a subset of points on a nonsingular cubic plane curve, i.e., an elliptic curve; furthermore, if the perimeter and the square of the area are rational, then the curve has rational coordinates and those triangles with rational side lengths correspond to rational points on the curve. We first recall this connection, and then we develop hyperbolic analogs. There are interesting relationships between the arithmetic on the elliptic curve (rank and torsion) and the family of triangles living on it. In the hy…
We study the rationality of the intersection points of certain lines and smooth plane quartics C defined over F_q. For q \geq 127, we prove the existence of a line such that the intersection points with C are all rational. Using another approach, we further prove the existence of a tangent line with the same property as soon as the characteristic of F_q is different from 2 and q \geq 66^2+1. Finally, we study the probability of the existence of a rational flex on C and exhibit a curious behavior when the characteristic of F_q is equal to 3.
Two-cover descent on plane quartics with rational bitangents
本文针对 Q 上 28 条双切线全为有理的平面四次曲线实现双覆盖下降，结合模空间构造算例，判定有理点存在性并分析局部障碍、双-Selmer 秩与 Tate–Shafarevich 群。
Semistable reduction of smooth quartics
研究离散赋值域上光滑平面四次曲线的半稳定约化，利用几何不变量理论和Bruhat-Tits建筑上的稳定性函数方法构造接近稳定的特殊纤维平面模型，并证明非超椭圆情形下GIT稳定平面模型与稳定模型的关系。
Semistable Reduction of Plane Quartics
研究平面四次曲线稳定模型计算问题，建立抽象稳定模型与GIT - 稳定平面模型联系，证明GIT - 稳定平面模型存在条件，明确稳定模型与主导态射性质，为计算稳定模型提供几何框架。
We give two algorithms to compute linear determinantal representations of smooth plane curves of any degree over any field. As particular examples, we explicitly give representatives of all equivalence classes of linear determinantal representations of two special quartics over the field $\mathbb{Q}$ of rational numbers, the Klein quartic and the Fermat quartic. This paper is a summary of third author's talk at the JSIAM JANT workshop on algorithmic number theory in March 2018. Details will appear elsewhere.
Counting points on smooth plane quartics
本文提出了在素数p模下对光滑平面四次曲线X进行点计数的高效算法，涵盖两种定义场景，提供两种不同时空复杂度的方法且实践中更快，还首次实现非$\mathbb P^1$循环覆盖曲线的平均多项式时间算法，可覆盖亏格$g\le3$的曲线。
We give an explicit description of all 168 quartic curves over the field of two elements that are isomorphic to the Klein curve over an algebraic extension. Some of the curves have been known for their small class number, others for attaining the maximal number of rational points.
Let $C/K$ be a smooth plane quartic over a discrete valuation field. We characterize the type of reduction (i.e. smooth plane quartic, hyperelliptic genus 3 curve or bad) over $K$ in terms of the existence of a special plane quartic model and, over $\bar{K}$, in terms of the valuations of certain algebraic invariants of $C$ when the characteristic of the residue field is not $2,\,3,\,5$ or $7$. On the way, we gather several results of general interest on geometric invariant theory over an arbitrary ring $R$ in the spirit of (Seshadri 1977). For instance when $R$ is a discrete valuation ring, w…
A class of geometrically elliptic fibrations by plane projective quartic curves
本文研究特征2下算术亏格3、几何亏格1的非超椭圆曲线纤维化，在特定奇点假设下给出双有理等价的完整分类，证明其可被椭圆纤维化覆盖且覆盖映射具特定双有理与纯不可分性质。
Non-vanishing for quartic Hecke $L$-functions and ranks of elliptic curves
研究四次残差符号海克勒L函数在中心点非消失的比例，以及与椭圆曲线秩的关系。
Almost all quadratic twists of an elliptic curve have no integral points
本文证明了在短 Weierstrass 形式下，椭圆曲线的几乎所有二次扭曲都没有整点，在部分 2-挠群情况下条件依赖于 Hall-Lang 猜想的弱形式，核心方法是通过 Mordell 对应与二元四次型约化理论转化问题，并利用特征和估计的抵消性质完成证明。
We find the primitive integer solutions to x^2+y^3=z^7. A nonabelian descent argument involving the simple group of order 168 reduces the problem to the determination of the set of rational points on a finite set of twists of the Klein quartic curve X. To restrict the set of relevant twists, we exploit the isomorphism between X and the modular curve X(7), and use modularity of elliptic curves and level lowering. This leaves 10 genus-3 curves, whose rational points are found by a combination of methods.
Arithmetic aspects of the Burkhardt quartic threefold
本文研究 Burkhardt 四次三维簇的算术性质，证明其在特征非 3 域上有理、计算有限域 zeta 函数，并显式给出 genus 2 泛曲线模型及 j-平面与 3 阶子群、Hesse 铅笔的关系。
We describe the invariants of plane quartic curves -- nonhyperelliptic genus 3 curves in their canonical model -- as determined by Dixmier and Ohno, with application to the classification of curves with given structure. In particular, we determine modular equations for the strata in the moduli space $\Me_3$ of plane quartics which have at least seven hyperflexes, and obtain an computational characterization of curves in these strata.
Given a curve of genus 3 with an unramified double cover, we give an explicit description of the associated Prym-variety. We also describe how an unramified double cover of a non-hyperelliptic genus 3 curve can be mapped into the Jacobian of a curve of genus 2 over its field of definition and how this can be used to do Chabauty- and Brauer-Manin type calculations for curves of genus 5 with an unramified involution. As an application, we determine the rational points on a smooth plane quartic with no particular geometric properties and give examples of curves of genus 3 and 5 violating the Hass…
Given a smooth curve defined over a field $k$ that admits a non-singular plane model over $\overline{k}$, a fixed separable closure of $k$, it does not necessarily have a non-singular plane model defined over the field $k$. We determine under which conditions this happens and we show an example of such phenomenon. Now, even assuming that such a smooth plane model exists, we wonder about the existence of non-singular plane models over $k$ for its twists. We characterize twists possessing such models and use such characterization to improve, for the particular case of smooth plane curves, the al…
In [17], we proved a structure theorem on the Mordell-Weil group of abelian varieties over function fields that arise as the twists of abelian varieties by the cyclic covers of projective varieties in terms of the Prym varieties associated with covers. In this paper, we provide an explicit way to construct the abelian varieties with large ranks over the higher dimension function fields. To do so, we apply the above-mentioned theorem to the twists of Albanese varieties of the cyclic multiple planes.
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