H. A. Helfgott
Let f\in \mathbb{Z}[x,y] be an irreducible homogeneous polynomial of degree 3. We show that f(x,y) has an even number of prime factors as often as an odd number of prime factors.
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Let f in Z[x,y] be a reducible homoegeneous polynomial of degree 3. We show that f(x,y) has an even number of prime factors as often as an odd number of prime factors.
The largest prime factor of an irreducible cubic polynomial
将Heath-Brown关于$n^3+2$存在大于$n^{1+c}$的素因子的结论推广到任意首一不可约三次整系数多项式，并给出依赖于多项式的指数$c_p$。
Let $R(x)=g(x)/h(x)$ be a rational expression of degree three over the finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$. We count the irreducible polynomials in $\mathbb{F}_q[x]$, of a given degree, which have the form $h(x)^{\mathrm{deg}\, f}\cdot f\bigl(R(x)\bigr)$ for some $f(x)\in\mathbb{F}_q[x]$. As an application, we recover the number of irreducible transformation shift registers of order three, previously computed by Jiang and Yang.
For a large class (heuristically most) of irreducible binary cubic forms $F(x,y) \in \mathbb Z[x,y]$, Bennett and Dahmen proved that the generalized superelliptic equation $F(x,y)=z^l$ has at most finitely many solutions in $x,y \in \mathbb Z$ coprime, $z \in \mathbb Z$ and exponent $l \in \mathbb Z_{\geq 4} $. Their proof uses, among other ingredients, modularity of certain mod $l$ Galois representations and Ribet's level lowering theorem. The aim of this paper is to treat the same problem for binary cubics with coefficients in $\mathcal O_K$, the ring of integers of an arbitrary number field…
A polynomial f(x) has emergent reducibility at depth n if f^{\circ k}(x) is irreducible for 0\leq k\leq n-1 but f^{\circ n}(x) is reducible. In this paper we prove that there are infinitely many irreducible cubics f \in \mathbb{Z}[x] with f\circ f reducible by exhibiting a one parameter family with this property.
Let ${\{K_m\}_{m\geq 4}}$ be the family of non-normal totally real cubic number fields defined by the irreducible cubic polynomial $f_m(x)=x^3-mx^2-(m+1)x-1$, where $m$ is an integer with $m\geq 4$. In this paper, we will give a class number one criterion for $K_m$.
We show that for an irreducible cubic $f\in\mathbb Z[x]$ and a full norm form $\mathbf N(x_1,\ldots,x_k)$ for a number field $K/\mathbb Q$ satisfying certain hypotheses the variety $f(t)=\mathbf N(x_1,\ldots,x_k)\ne 0$ satisfies the Hasse principle. Our proof uses sieve methods.
We describe all special curves in the parameter space of complex cubic polynomials, that is all algebraic irreducible curves containing infinitely many post-critically finite polynomials. This solves in a strong form a conjecture by Baker and DeMarco for cubic polynomials. We also prove that an irreducible component of the algebraic curve consisting of those cubic polynomials that admit an orbit of any given period and given multiplier is special if and only if the multiplier is 0.
Cubic Polynomials and Sums of Two Squares
研究三次不可约monic多项式作为两个平方和的表达频率下界，提出量化回答Grechuk关于此类值无限性的疑问，利用二维单位论和六次数域算术证明主要结论。
H. Lenstra has pointed out that a cubic polynomial of the form (x-a)(x-b)(x-c) + r(x-d)(x-e), where {a,b,c,d,e} is some permutation of {0,1,2,3,4}, is irreducible modulo 5 because every possible linear factor divides one summand but not the other. We classify polynomials over finite fields that admit an irreducibility proof with this structure.
In this paper we prove the assertion that the number of monic cubic polynomials $F(x) = x^3 + a_2 x^2 + a_1 x + a_0$ with integer coefficients and irreducible, Galois over $\mathbb{Q}$ satisfying $\max\{|a_2|, |a_1|, |a_0|\} \leq X$ is bounded from above by $O(X (\log X)^2)$. We also count the number of abelian monic binary cubic forms with integer coefficients up to a natural equivalence relation ordered by the so-called Bhargava-Shankar height. Finally, we prove an assertion characterizing the splitting field of 2-torsion points of semi-stable abelian elliptic curves
We introduce the zeta function of the prehomogenous vector space of binary cubic forms, twisted by the real analytic Eisenstein series. We prove the meromorphic continuation of this zeta function and identify its poles and their residues. We also identify the poles and residues of the zeta function when restricted to irreducible binary cubic forms. This zeta function can be used to prove the equidistribution of the lattice shape of cubic rings.
We show that there are $O_\varepsilon(H^{1.5+\varepsilon})$ monic, cubic polynomials with integer coefficients bounded by $H$ in absolute value whose Galois group is $A_3$. We also show that the order of magnitude for $D_4$ quartics is $H^2 (\log H)^2$, and that the respective counts for $A_4$, $V_4$, $C_4$ are $O(H^{2.91})$, $O(H^2 \log H)$, $O(H^2 \log H)$. Our work establishes that irreducible non-$S_3$ cubic polynomials are less numerous than reducible ones, and similarly in the quartic setting: these are the first two solved cases of a 1936 conjecture made by van der Waerden.
In this paper, we consider maximal and irreducible quartic orders which arise from integral binary quartic forms, via the construction of Birch and Merriman, and whose field of fractions is a quartic $D_4$-field. By a theorem of M. Wood, such quartic orders may be regarded as quartic $D_4$-fields whose ring of integers has a monogenic cubic resolvent. We shall give the asymptotic number of such objects when ordered by conductor, as well as estimate the asymptotic number of such objects when ordered by discriminant.
Let k be a finite field with characteristic exceeding 3. We prove that the space of rational curves of fixed degree on any smooth cubic hypersurface over k with dimension at least 11 is irreducible and of the expected dimension.
Monogenic Cyclic Cubic Trinomials
本文研究整数环上的单项循环三次三项式，证明存在两个无限族非等价形式 $x^3+Ax+B$，并确定形如 $x^3+Ax^2+B$ 的仅有四个，均等价于 $x^3-3x+1$。
Let $Q(α)$ be the simplest cubic field, it is known that $Q(α)$ can be generated by adjoining a root of the irreducible equation $x^{3}-kx^{2}+(k-3)x+1=0$, where $k$ belongs to $Q$. In this paper we have established a relationship between $α$, $α'$ and $k,k'$ where $α$ is a root of the equation $x^{3}-kx^{2}+(k-3)x+1=0$ and $α'$ is a root of the same equation with $k$ replaced by $k'$ and $Q(α)=Q(α')$.
Unitary dual of $p$-adic split $\mathrm{SO}_{2n+1}$ and $\mathrm{Sp}_{2n}$: The good parity case (and slightly beyond)
本文刻画 $p$-进分裂 $\mathrm{SO}_{2n+1}$ 与 $\mathrm{Sp}_{2n}$ 中好奇偶不可约表示的酉性，证明其等价于 Arthur 型，并给出酉性检验算法及离散自守谱可能局部分量的集合。
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