Let E be an elliptic curve defined over a number field F, and let p be a prime >= 5. In this paper we study the structure of the Selmer group of E over p-adic Lie extensions $F_\infty$ of F. In particular, under certain global and local conditions on $F_\infty$ we relate the generalised $Gal(F_\infty / F)$-Euler characteristic of $Sel(E / F_\infty)$ to the generalised Euler characteristic of the Selmer group over the cyclotomic Zp-extension of F. This invariant generalises the classical Euler characteristic to the case when the rank of E(F) is positive. Moreover, we show that the global and local conditions on $F_\infty$ are satisfied for a large class of p-adic Lie extensions of F .
We give new instances where Chabauty--Kim sets can be proved to be finite, by developing a notion of "generalised height functions" on Selmer varieties. We also explain how to compute these generalised heights in terms of iterated integrals and give the first explicit nonabelian Chabauty result for a curve $X/\mathbb{Q}$ whose Jacobian has Mordell-Weil rank larger than its genus.
Let $F$ be a global function field of characteristic $p>0$, $K/F$ an $\ell$-adic Lie extension ($\ell\neq p$) and $A/F$ an abelian variety. We provide Euler characteristic formulas for the $Gal(K/F)$-module $Sel_A(K)_\ell$.
Let $p$ be an odd prime number, and $E$ an elliptic curve defined over a number field with good reduction at every prime of $F$ above $p$. In this short note, we compute the Euler characteristics of the signed Selmer groups of $E$ over the cyclotomic $\Zp$-extension. The novelty of our result is that we allow the elliptic curve to have mixed reduction types for primes above $p$ and that we allow mixed signs in the definition of the signed Selmer groups.
In this article, we study the pseudo-isomorphism class of the dual fine Selmer group $X$ attached to a $p$-adic Galois deformation whose deformation ring $Λ$ is isomorphic to the ring of formal power series. By using the "Kolyvagin system" arising from a given Euler system $c$, we shall construct ideals $C_i(c)$ of $Λ$, and prove that the ideals $C_i(c)$ approximate the higher Fitting ideals of $X$ under suitable hypothesis. In particular, we shall prove that the ideals $C_i(c)$ arising from the Euler system of Beilinson-Kato elements determine the pseudo-isomorphism classes of the dual fine S…
Let $A$ be an abelian variety defined over a global function field $F$ of positive characteristic $p$ and let $K/F$ be a $p$-adic Lie extension with Galois group $G$. We provide a formula for the Euler characteristic $χ(G,Sel_A(K)_p)$ of the $p$-part of the Selmer group of $A$ over $K$. In the special case $G=\mathbb{Z}_p^d$ and $A$ a constant ordinary variety, using Akashi series, we show how the Euler characteristic of the dual of $Sel_A(K)_p$ is related to special values of a $p$-adic $\mathcal{L}$-function.
This note shows how to use the framework of Euler characteristic formulae to study Selmer groups of abelian varieties in certain dihedral or anticyclotomic extensions of CM fields via Iwasawa main conjectures, and in particular how to verify the p-part of the refined Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture in this setting. When the Selmer group is cotorsion with respect to the associated Iwasawa algebra, we obtain the p-part of formula predicted by the refined Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture. When the Selmer group is not cotorsion with respect to the associated Iwasawa algebra, we give a con…
The notion of the truncated Euler characteristic for Iwasawa modules is a generalization of the the usual Euler characteristic to the case when the cohomology groups are not finite. Let $p$ be an odd prime, $E_1$ and $E_2$ be elliptic curves over a number field $F$ with semistable reduction at all primes $v|p$ such that the $\operatorname{Gal}(\bar{F}/F)$-modules $E_1[p]$ and $E_2[p]$ are irreducible and isomorphic. We compare the Iwasawa invariants of certain imprimitive multisigned Selmer groups of $E_1$ and $E_2$. Leveraging these results, congruence relations for the truncated Euler charac…
Let $p$ be an odd prime number, and let $E$ be an elliptic curve defined over a number field $F'$ such that $E$ has semistable reduction at every prime of $F'$ above $p$ and is supersingular at at least one prime above $p$. Under appropriate hypotheses, we compute the Akashi series of the signed Selmer groups of $E$ over a $\mathbb{Z}_p^d$-extension over a finite extension $F$ of $F'$. As a by-product, we also compute the Euler characteristics of these Selmer groups.
We construct an Euler system of generalized Heegner cycles to bound the Selmer group associated to a modular form and an algebraic Hecke character. The main argument is based on Kolyvagin's machinery explained by Gross while the key object of the Euler system, the generalized Heegner cycles, were first considered by Bertolini, Darmon and Prasanna.
Let $p$ be a fixed odd prime. Let $E$ be an elliptic curve defined over a number field $F$ with good supersingular reduction at all primes above $p$. We study both the classical and plus/minus Selmer groups over the cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extension of $F$. In particular, we give sufficient conditions for these Selmer groups to not contain a non-trivial sub-module of finite index. Furthermore, when $p$ splits completely in $F$, we calculate the Euler characteristics of the plus/minus Selmer groups over the compositum of all $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extensions of $F$ when they are defined.
Let $E/\mathbb{Q}$ be an elliptic curve and let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic field. Under a certain Heegner hypothesis, Kolyvagin constructed cohomology classes for $E$ using $K$-CM points and conjectured they did not all vanish. Conditional on this conjecture, he described the Selmer rank of $E$ using his system of classes. We extend work of Wei Zhang to prove new cases of Kolyvagin's conjecture by considering congruences of modular forms modulo large powers of $p $. Additionally, we prove an analogous result, and give a description of the Selmer rank, in a complementary "definite" case (usi…
Let $E$ be an elliptic curve defined over a number field $F$. In this paper, we study the structure of the $p^\infty$-Selmer group of $E$ over $p$-adic Lie extensions $F_\infty$ of $F$ which are obtained by adjoining to $F$ the $p$-division points of an abelian variety $A$ defined over $F$. The main focus of the paper is the calculation of the $\Gal(F_\infty/F)$-Euler characteristic of the $p^\infty$-Selmer group of $E$. The final section illustrates the main theory with the example of an elliptic curve of conductor 294.
Let $F$ be a number field unramified at an odd prime $p$ and $F_\infty$ be the $\mathbf{Z}_p$-cyclotomic extension of $F$. Generalizing Kobayashi plus/minus Selmer groups for elliptic curves, Büyükboduk and Lei have defined modified Selmer groups, called signed Selmer groups, for certain non-ordinary $\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{F}/F)$-representations. In particular, their construction applies to abelian varieties defined over $F$ with good supersingular reduction at primes of $F$ dividing $p$. Assuming that these Selmer groups are cotorsion $\mathbf{Z}_p[[\mathrm{Gal}(F_\infty/F)]]$-modules, we sh…
We construct an Euler system attached to a weight 2 modular form twisted by a Groessencharacter of an imaginary quadratic field, and apply this to bounding Selmer groups.
Given a modular form f of even weight larger than two and an imaginary quadratic field K satisfying a relaxed Heegner hypothesis, we construct a collection of CM cycles on a Kuga-Sato variety over a suitable Shimura curve which gives rise to a system of Galois cohomology classes attached to f enjoying the compatibility properties of an Euler system. Then we use Kolyvagin's method, as adapted by Nekovar to higher weight modular forms, to bound the size of the relevant Selmer group associated to f and K and prove the finiteness of the (primary part) of the Shafarevich-Tate group, provided that a…
The existence of rational points on Kummer varieties associated to 2-coverings of abelian varieties over number fields can sometimes be proved through the variation of the Selmer group in the family of quadratic twists of the underlying abelian variety, using an idea of Swinnerton-Dyer. Following Mazur and Rubin, we consider the case when the Galois action on the 2-torsion has a large image. Under mild additional hypotheses we prove the Hasse principle for the associated Kummer varieties assuming the finiteness of relevant Shafarevich-Tate groups.
Given a pair of modular forms with complex multiplication by distinct imaginary quadratic fields, the four dimensional Galois representation associated to their Rankin--Selberg convolution is induced from a character over an imaginary biquadratic field $F$. Using the Euler system of Lei, Loeffler and Zerbes we bound a Selmer group associated to this character, over the unique $\mathbb{Z}_{p}^{3}$-extension of $F$.
In this paper, we compare the Akashi series of the Pontryagin dual of the Selmer groups of two Galois representations over a strongly admissible p-adic Lie extension. Namely, we show that whenever the two Galois representations in question are congruent to each other, the Akashi series of one is a unit if and only if the Akashi series of the other is also a unit. We will also obtain similar results for the Euler characteristics of the Selmer groups and the characteristic elements attached to the Selmer groups.
We construct an Euler system in the cohomology of the tensor product of the Galois representations attached to two modular forms, using elements in the higher Chow groups of products of modular curves. We use this Euler system to prove a finiteness theorem for the strict Selmer group of the Galois representation when the associated p-adic Rankin--Selberg L-function is non-vanishing at s = 1.
The notion of the truncated Euler characteristic for Iwasawa modules is an extension of the notion of the usual Euler characteristic to the case when the homology groups are not finite. This article explores congruence relations between the truncated Euler characteristics for dual Selmer groups of elliptic curves with isomorphic residual representations, over admissible $p$-adic Lie extensions. Our results extend earlier congruence results from the case of elliptic curves with rank zero to the case of higher rank elliptic curves.
We establish precise relations between Euler systems that are respectively associated to a $p$-adic representation $T$ and to its Kummer dual $T^*(1)$. Upon appropriate specialization of this general result, we are able to deduce the existence of an Euler system of rank $[K:\mathbb{Q}]$ over a totally real field $K$ that both interpolates the values of the Dedekind zeta function of $K$ at all positive even integers and also determines all higher Fitting ideals of the Selmer groups of $\mathbb{G}_m$ over abelian extensions of $K$. This construction in turn motivates the formulation of a precise…
A classical twisting lemma says that given a finitely generated torsion module $M$ over the Iwasawa algebra $\mathbb{Z}_p[[Γ]]$ with $Γ\cong \mathbb{Z}_p, \ \exists$ a continuous character $θ: Γ\rightarrow \mathbb{Z}_p^\times$ such that, the $ Γ^{n}$-Euler characteristic of the twist $M(θ)$ is finite for every $n$. This twisting lemma has been generalized for the Iwasawa algebra of a general compact $p$-adic Lie group $G$. In this article, we consider a further generalization of the twisting lemma to $\mathcal{T}[[G]]$ modules, where $G$ is a compact $p$-adic Lie group and $\mathcal{T}$ is a f…
In an earlier article we proved the existence of a canonical Kolyvagin derivative homomorphism between the modules of Euler and Kolyvagin systems (in any given rank) that are associated to $p$-adic representations over number fields. We now explain how the existence of such a homomorphism leads to new results on the structure of the Selmer modules of Galois representations over Gorenstein orders and to a strategy for verifying (refinements of) the Tamagawa number conjecture of Bloch and Kato. We describe concrete applications relating to the multiplicative group over arbitrary number fields an…
If E is an elliptic curve over Q and K is an imaginary quadratic field, there is an Iwasawa main conjecture predicting the behavior of the Selmer group of E over the anticyclotomic Z_p-extension of K. The main conjecture takes different forms depending on the sign of the functional equation of L(E/K,s). In the present work we combine ideas of Bertolini and Darmon with those of Mazur and Rubin to shown that the main conjecture, regardless of the sign of the functional equation, can be reduced to proving the nonvanishing of sufficiently many p-adic L-functions attached to a family of congruent m…
Euler--Maclaurin and Poisson analogues of the summations $\sum_{a < n \leq b} χ(n) f(n)$, $\sum_{a < n \leq b} d(n) f(n)$, $\sum_{a < n \leq b} d(n) χ(n) f(n)$ have been obtained in a unified manner, where $(χ(n))$ is a periodic complex sequence; $d(n)$ is the divisor function and $f(x)$ is a sufficiently smooth function on $[a,b]$. We also state a generalised Abel's summation formula, generalised Euler's summation formula and Euler's summation formula in several variables.
We use an Euler system of Heegner cycles to bound the Selmer group associated to a modular form of higher even weight twisted by a ring class character. This is an extension of Nekovar's result that uses Bertolini and Darmon's refinement of Kolyvagin's ideas.
Let $E/\mathbb{Q}$ be an elliptic curve with ordinary reduction at a prime $p$, and let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic field. The anticyclotomic Iwasawa main conjecture, depending upon the sign of the functional equation of $L(E/K,s)$, predicts the behavior of Selmer group of $E/\mathbb{Q}$ along the anticyclotomic tower of $K$. Some of the crucial ideas of Bertolini and Darmon on this conjecture have been abstracted by Howard into an axiomatic set-up through a notion of Bipartite Euler systems, assuming that $E[p]$ is an irreducible representation of $G_{K}$. We generalize this work by assumin…
In this article we construct characteristic elements for a certain class of Iwasawa modules in noncommutative Iwasawa theory. These elements live in the first K-group K_1(L_T) of the localisation L_T of the Iwasawa algebra L=L(G) of a p-adic Lie group G with respect to a certain Ore-Set T. The evaluation of the characteristic element of a module M under the Iwasawa algebra of the p-adic Lie group G is related to the (twisted) G-Euler characteristic of M. We apply these results to study the arithmetic of elliptic curves E (without CM) defined over a number field k in the tower K=k(E(p)) of fiel…
Given a p-adic representation of the Galois group of a local field, we show that its Galois cohomology can be computed using the associated etale (phi,Gamma)-module over the Robba ring; this is a variant of a result of Herr. We then establish analogues, for not necessarily etale (phi,Gamma)-modules over the Robba ring, of the Euler-Poincare characteristic formula and Tate local duality for p-adic representations. These results are expected to intervene in the duality theory for Selmer groups associated to de Rham representations.
We study a linear form in the values of Euler's series $F(t)=\sum_{n=0}^\infty n!t^n$ at algebraic integer points $α_1, \ldots, α_m \in \mathbb{Z}_{\mathbb{K}}$ belonging to a number field $\mathbb{K}$. Let $v|p$ be a non-Archimedean valuation of $\mathbb{K}$. Two types of non-vanishing results for the linear form $Λ_v = λ_0 + λ_1 F_v(α_1) + \ldots + λ_m F_v(α_m)$, $λ_i \in \mathbb{Z}_{\mathbb{K}}$, are derived, the second of them containing a lower bound for the $v$-adic absolute value of $Λ_v$. The first non-vanishing result is also extended to the case of primes in residue classes. On the w…
We consider generalised root identities for zeta functions of curves over finite fields, ζ_{k}, and compare with the corresponding analysis for the Riemann zeta function. We verify numerically that, as for ζ, the ζ_{k} do satisfy the generalised root identities and we investigate these in detail for the special cases of μ=0,-1\:\&\:-2. Unlike for ζ, however, we show that in the setting of zeta functions of curves over finite fields the μ=-2 root identity is consistent with the Riemann hypothesis (RH) proved by Weil. Comparison of this analysis with the corresponding calculations for ζilluminat…
We formulate integral Iwasawa main conjectures for suitable twists of a newform $f$ that is non-ordinary at $p$, over the cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extension, the anticyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extensions (in both the definite and the indefinite cases) as well as the $\mathbb{Z}_p^2$-extension of an imaginary quadratic field $K$ where $p$ splits. In order to do so, we define Kobayashi-Sprung-style signed Coleman maps, which we use to introduce doubly-signed Selmer groups. In the same spirit, we construct signed (integral) Beilinson-Flach elements (out of the collection of unbounded Beilinson-Fl…
