In this paper we study canonical models for representations of the Hardy algebras that generalize the model theory of Sz.-Nagy and Foias for contraction operators.
The Hardy algebras are non selfadjoint operator algebras associated with $W^*$-correspondences. This class includes the classical $H^{\infty}$ algebra, free semigroup algebras, quiver algebras and other classes of algebras studied in the literature.
We consider an action of a compact group whose dual is archimedean linearly ordered or a direct product (or sum) of such groups on a von Neumann algebra, M. We define the generalized Hardy subspace of the Hilbert space of a standard representation the algebra, and the Hardy subalgebra of analytic elements of M with respect to the action. We find conditions in order that the Hardy algebra is a hereditarily reflexive algebra of operators. In particular if every non zero spectral subspace, contains a unitary operator, the condition is satisfied and therefore the Hardy algebra is hereditarily refl…
This is primarily an exposition of our work on Hardy algebras associated with $W^*$-correspondences with an emphasis on interpolation results (a generalized Nevanlinna-Pick theorem) and the concepts of Schur class operator functions (and realizations). We describe in detail the construction of the Hardy algebras, its representations and the important concepts of duality and point evaluation. Many examples are provided.
We establish that particular quotients of the non-commutative Hardy algebras carry ergodic actions of convergent discrete subgroups of the group $\operatorname*{SU}(n,1)$ of automorphisms of the unit ball in $\mathbb{C}% ^{n}$. To do so, we provide a mean to compute the spectra of quotients of noncommutative Hardy algebra and characterize their automorphisms in term of biholomorphic maps of the unit ball in $\mathbb{C}^{n}$.
Suppose $\mathcal{T}_{+}(E)$ is the tensor algebra of a $W^{*}$-correspondence $E$ and $H^{\infty}(E)$ is the associated Hardy algebra. We investigate the problem of extending completely contractive representations of $\mathcal{T}_{+}(E)$ on a Hilbert space to ultra-weakly continuous completely contractive representations of $H^{\infty}(E)$ on the same Hilbert space. Our work extends the classical Sz.-Nagy - Foiaş functional calculus and more recent work by Davidson, Li and Pitts on the representation theory of Popescu's noncommutative disc algebra.
Let $E$ be a $W^{*}$-correspondence and let $H^{\infty}(E)$ be the associated Hardy algebra. The unit disc of intertwiners $\mathbb{D}((E^σ)^{*})$ plays a central role in the study of $H^{\infty}(E)$. We show a number of results related to the automorphism groups of both $H^{\infty}(E)$ and $\mathbb{D}((E^σ)^{*})$. We find a matrix representation for these groups and describe several features of their algebraic structure. Furthermore, we show an application of $Aut(\mathbb{D}({(E^σ})^*))$ to the study of Morita equivalence of $W^{*}$-correspondences.
We study the algebra $\mathcal{A}$ generated by the Hardy operator $H$ and the operator $M_x$ of multiplication by $x$ on $L^2[0,1]$. We call $\mathcal{A}$ the Hardy-Weyl algebra. We show that its quotient by the compact operators is isomorphic to the algebra of functions that are continuous on $Λ$ and analytic on the interior of $Λ$ for a planar set $Λ$ = $[-1,0] \cup \bar{ \mathbb{D}(1,1)}$, which we call the lollipop. We find a Toeplitz-like short exact sequence for the $C^*$-algebra generated by $\mathcal{A}$. We study the operator $Z = H - M_x$, show that its point spectrum is $(-1,0] \cu…
Let $H^{\infty}(E)$ be a non commutative Hardy algebra, associated with a $W^*$-correspondence $E$. In this paper we construct factorizations of inner-outer type of the elements of $H^{\infty}(E)$ represented via the induced representation, and of the elements of its commutant. These factorizations generalize the classical inner-outer factorization of elements of $H^\infty(\mathbb{D})$. Our results also generalize some results that were obtained by several authors in some special cases.
Muhly and Solel developed a notion of Morita equivalence for $C^{*}$- correspondences, which they used to show that if two $C^{*}$-correspondences $E$ and $F$ are Morita equivalent then their tensor algebras $\mathcal{T}_{+}(E)$ and $\mathcal{T}_{+}(F)$ are (strongly) Morita equivalent operator algebras. We give the weak$^{*}$ version of this result by considering (weak) Morita equivalence of $W^{*}$-correspondences and employing Blecher and Kashyap's notion of Morita equivalence for dual operator algebras. More precisely, we show that weak Morita equivalence of $W^{*}$-correspondences $E$ and…
Let $G$ be a locally compact abelian Hausdorff topological group which is non-compact and whose Pontryagin dual $Γ$ is partially ordered. Let $Γ^{+}\subsetΓ$ be the semigroup of positive elements in $Γ$. The Hardy space $H^{2}(G)$ is the closed subspace of $L^{2}(G)$ consisting of functions whose Fourier transforms are supported on $Γ^{+}$. In this paper we consider the C*-algebra $C^{*}(\mathcal{T}(G)\cup F(C(\dot{Γ^{+}})))$ generated by Toeplitz operators with continuous symbols on $G$ which vanish at infinity and Fourier multipliers with symbols which are continuous on one point compactific…
We studied complex interpolation noncommutative Hardy space associated with semi-finite von Neumann algebra and extend Pisier's interpolation theorem for this case.
Let $H^{\infty}(E)$ be a non commutative Hardy algebra, associated with a $W^*$-correspondence $E$. These algebras were introduced in 2004, ~\cite{MuS3}, by P. Muhly and B. Solel, and generalize the classical Hardy algebra of the unit disc $H^{\infty}(\mathbb{D})$. As a special case one obtains also the algebra $\mathcal{F}^{\infty}$ of Popescu, which is $H^{\infty}(\mathbb{C}^n)$ in our setting. In this paper we view the algebra $H^\infty(E)$ as acting on a Hilbert space via an induced representation $ρ(H^{\infty}(E))$, and we study the reflexivity of $ρ(H^{\infty}(E))$. This question was stu…
Let $E$ be a $W^{\ast}$-correspondence over a von Neumann algebra $M$ and let $H^{\infty}(E)$ be the associated Hardy algebra. If $σ$ is a faithful normal representation of $M$ on a Hilbert space $H$, then one may form the dual correspondence $E^σ$ and represent elements in $H^{\infty}(E)$ as $B(H)$-valued functions on the unit ball $\mathbb{D}(E^σ)^{\ast}$. The functions that one obtains are called Schur class functions and may be characterized in terms of certain Pick-like kernels. We study these functions and relate them to system matrices and transfer functions from systems theory. We use …
We introduce a class of unitarily invariant, locally $\|\cdot\|_1$-dominating, mutually continuous norms with repect to $τ$ on a von Neumann algebra $\mathcal{M}$ with a faithful, normal, semifinite tracial weight $τ$. We prove a Beurling-Chen-Hadwin-Shen theorem for $H^\infty$-invariant spaces of $L^α(\mathcal{M},τ)$, where $α$ is a unitarily invariant, locally $\|\cdot\|_1$-dominating, mutually continuous norm with respect to $τ$, and $H^\infty$ is an extension of Arveson's noncommutative Hardy space. We use our main result to characterize the $H^\infty$-invariant subspaces of a noncommutati…
This note contributes to a circle of ideas that we have been developing recently in which we view certain abstract operator algebras $H^{\infty}(E)$, which we call Hardy algebras, and which are noncommutative generalizations of classical $H^{\infty}$, as spaces of functions defined on their spaces of representations. We define a generalization of the Poisson kernel, which ``reproduces'' the values, on $\mathbb{D}((E^σ)^*)$, of the ``functions'' coming from $H^{\infty}(E)$. We present results that are natural generalizations of the Poisson integral formuala. They also are easily seen to be gene…
In 2008, Blecher and Labuschagne extended Beurling's classical theorem to $H^\infty$-invariant subspaces of $L^p(\mathcal{M},τ)$ for a finite von Neumann algebra $\mathcal{M}$ with a finite, faithful, normal tracial state $τ$ when $1\le p\le \infty$. In this paper, using Arveson's non-commutative Hardy space $H^\infty$ in relation to a von Neumann algebra $\mathcal{M}$ with a semifinite, faithful, normal tracial weight $τ$, we prove a Beurling-Blecher-Labuschagne theorem for $H^\infty$-invariant spaces of $L^p(\mathcal{M},τ)$ when $0<p\leq\infty$. The proof of the main result relies on proofs …
We prove a number of results on the automorphisms of and isomorphisms between Hardy-Toeplitz algebras $\mathcal{T}(D)$ associated to bounded symmetric domains $D$: that the stable isomorphism class of $\mathcal{T}(D)$ determines $D$ (even when it is reducible), that for reducible domains $D=D_1\times\cdots \times D_s$ the automorphisms of the Shilov boundary $\check{S}(D)$ induced by those of $\mathcal{T}(D)$ permute the Shilov boundaries $\check{S}(D_i)$, and that by contrast to arbitrary solvable algebras, automorphisms of $\mathcal{T}(D)$ that are trivial on their character spaces $\check{S…
In this paper we prove an invertibility criterion for certain operators which is given as a linear algebraic combination of Toeplitz operators and Fourier multipliers acting on the Hardy space of the unit disc. Very similar to the case of Toeplitz operators we prove that such operators are invertible if and only if they are Fredholm and their Fredholm index is zero. As an application we prove that for "quasi-parabolic" composition operators the spectra and the essential spectra are equal.
In this expository paper we describe the study of certain non-self-adjoint operator algebras, the Hardy algebras, and their representation theory. We view these algebras as algebras of (operator valued) functions on their spaces of representations. We will show that these spaces of representations can be parameterized as unit balls of certain $W^{*}$-correspondences and the functions can be viewed as Schur class operator functions on these balls. We will provide evidence to show that the elements in these (non commutative) Hardy algebras behave very much like bounded analytic functions and the…
Given a von Neumann algebra $M$ and a $W^{\ast}$-correspondence $E$ over $M$, we construct an algebra $H^{\infty}(E)$ that we call the Hardy algebra of $E$. When $M=\mathbb{C}=E$, then $H^{\infty}(E)$ is the classical Hardy space $H^{\infty}(\mathbb{T})$ of bounded analytic functions on the unit disc. We show that given any faithful normal representation $σ$ of $M$ on a Hilbert space $H$ there is a natural correspondence $E^σ$ over the commutant $σ(M)^{\prime}$, called the $σ$-dual of $E$, and that $H^{\infty}(E)$ can be realized in terms of ($B(H)$-valued) functions on the open unit ball $\ma…
This work is a generalization of the results in [Gul] to bi-disc case. As in [Gul], quasi-parabolic composition operators on the Hilbert-Hardy space of the bi-disc are written as a linear combination of Toeplitz operators and Fourier multipliers. The C*-algebra generated by Toeplitz operators and Fourier multipliers on the Hilbert-Hardy space of the bi-disc is written as the tensor product of the similar C*-algebra in one variable with itself. As a result we find a nontrivial set lying inside the essential spectra of quasi-parabolic composition operators.
We consider transfer functions of time--invariant systems as defined by Basseville, Benveniste, Nikoukhah and Willsky when the discrete time is replaced by the nodes of an homogeneous tree. The complex numbers are now replaced by a C*-algebra built from the structure of the tree. We define a point evaluation with values in this C*-algebra and a corresponding ``Hardy space'' in which a Cauchy's formula holds. This point evaluation is used to define in this context the counterpart of classical notions such as Blaschke factors. There are deep analogies with the non stationary setting as developed…
We give a systematic study on the Hardy spaces of functions with values in the non-commutative $L^p$-spaces associated with a semifinite von Neumann algebra ${\cal}M.$ This is motivated by the works on matrix valued Harmonic Analysis (operator weighted norm inequalities, operator Hilbert transform), and on the other hand, by the recent development on the non-commutative martingale inequalities. Our non-commutative Hardy spaces are defined by the non-commutative Lusin integral function.
In [11] the authors investigated a family of quotient Hilbert modules in the Cowen-Douglas class over the unit disk constructed from classical Hilbert modules such as the Hardy and Bergman modules. In this paper we extend the results to the multivariable case of higher multiplicity. Moreover, similarity as well as isomorphism results are obtained.
In 2015, Yanni Chen, Don Hadwin and Junhao Shen proved a noncommutative version of Beurling's theorems for a continuous unitarily invariant norm $% α$ on a tracial von Neumann algebra $\left( \mathcal{M},τ\right) $ where $α$ is $\left\Vert \cdot \right\Vert _{1}$-dominating with respect to $τ$. In the paper, we first define a class of norms $% N_{Δ}\left( \mathcal{M},τ\right) $ on $\mathcal{M}$, called determinant, normalized, unitarily invariant continuous norms on $\mathcal{M}$. If $α\in N_{Δ}\left( \mathcal{M},τ\right) $, then there exists a faithful normal tracial state $ρ$ on $\mathcal{M}…
Let $\A$ be a finite subdiagonal algebra in Arveson's sense. Let $H^p(\A)$ be the associated noncommutative Hardy spaces, $0<p\le\8$. We extend to the case of all positive indices most recent results about these spaces, which include notably the Riesz, Szegö and inner-outer type factorizations. One new tool of the paper is the contractivity of the underlying conditional expectation on $H^p(\A)$ for $p<1$.
It is shown that Voiculescu's toplogical entropy for the canonical endomorphism of a simple Cuntz-Krieger algebra O_A equals the logarithm of the spectral radius of A.
Let $ζ$ and $η$ be distinct points on the unit circle and suppose that $ϕ$ is a linear-fractional self-map of the unit disk D, not an automorphism, with $ϕ(ζ)=η$. We describe the C*-algebra generated by the associated composition operator $C_ϕ$ and the shift operator, acting on the Hardy space on D.
In this paper we initiate the study of composition operators on the noncommutative Hardy space $H^2_{\bf ball}$. Several classical results about composition operators (boundedness, norm estimates, spectral properties, compactness, similarity) have free analogues in our noncommutative multivariable setting. The most prominent feature of this paper is the interaction between the noncommutative analytic function theory in the unit ball of $B(\cH)^n$, the operator algebras generated by the left creation operators on the full Fock space with $n$ generators, and the classical complex function theory…
This is an exposition of our work on the canonical models of representations of Hardy algebras associated with $W^*$-correspondences. It generalizes the model theory of Sz.-Nagy and Foias and the work of Popescu on models of row contractions. We also emphasize the concept of duality for $W^*$-correspondences and its relation to Morita equivalence of correspondenses.
The Smirnov class for the classical Hardy space is the set of ratios of bounded analytic functions on the open complex unit disk with outer denominators. This definition extends naturally to the commutative and non-commutative multi-variable settings of the Drury-Arveson space and the full Fock space over $\mathbb C ^d$. Identifying the Fock space with the free multi-variable Hardy space of non-commutative or free holomorphic functions on the non-commutative open unit ball, we prove that any closed, densely-defined operator affiliated to the right free multiplier algebra of the full Fock space…
In this work we study the essential spectra of composition operators on Hardy spaces of analytic functions which might be termed as "quasi-parabolic". This is the class of composition operators on H^{2} with symbols whose conjugate with the Cayley transform on the upper half-plane are of the form ϕ(z) = z+ψ(z) where ψ\in H^{2}(\mathbb{H}) and \Im(ψ(z)) >δ> 0. We especially examine the case where ψis discontinuous at infinity. A new method is devised to show that this type of composition operators fall in a C*-algebra of Toeplitz operators and Fourier multipliers. This method enables us to prov…
From a planar algebra, we give a functorial construction to produce numerous associated $C^*$-algebras. Our main construction is a Hilbert $C^*$-bimodule with a canonical real subspace which produces Pimsner-Toeplitz, Cuntz-Pimsner, and generalized free semicircular $C^*$-algebras. By compressing this system, we obtain various canonical $C^*$-algebras, including Doplicher-Roberts algebras, Guionnet-Jones-Shlyakhtenko algebras, universal (Toeplitz-)Cuntz-Krieger algebras, and the newly introduced free graph algebras. This is the first article in a series studying canonical $C^*$-algebras associ…
One can view contraction operators given by a canonical model of Sz.-Nagy and Foias as being defined by a quotient module where the basic building blocks are Hardy spaces. In this note we generalize this framework to allow the Bergman and weighted Bergman spaces as building blocks, but restricting attention to the case in which the operator obtained is in the Cowen-Douglas class and requiring the multiplicity to be one. We view the classification of such operators in the context of complex geometry and obtain a complete classification up to unitary equivalence of them in terms of their associa…
For a collection of reproducing kernels k which includes those for the Hardy space of the polydisk and ball and for the Bergman space, k is a complete Pick kernel if and only if the multiplier algebra of the Hilbert space H^2(k) associated to k has the Douglas property. Consequences for solving the operator equation AX=Y are examined.
By working with all collection of all the Sarason Hilbert Hardy spaces for the annulus algebra an improvement to the results of Aryana and Clancey on eigenvalues of self adjoint Toeplitz operators on an annulus is obtained. The ideas are applied to Toeplitz operators on the Neil algebra. These examples may provide a template for a general theory of Toeplitz operators with respect to an algebra.
The shift on the C^*--algebras generated by the Fock representation of the q--commutation relations has the strong ergodic property of unique mixing, when |q|<1.
We consider elliptic operators associated with discrete groups of quantized canonical transformations. In order to be able to apply results from algebraic index theory, we define the localized algebraic index of the complete symbol of an elliptic operator. With the help of a calculus of semiclassical quantized canonical transformations, a version of Egorov's theorem and a theorem on trace asymptotics for semiclassical Fourier integral operators we show that the localized analytic index and the localized algebraic index coincide. As a corollary, we express the Fredholm index in terms of the alg…
The standard C*-algebraic version of the algebra of canonical commutation relations, the Weyl algebra, frequently causes difficulties in applications since it neither admits the formulation of physically interesting dynamical laws nor does it incorporate pertinent physical observables such as (bounded functions of) the Hamiltonian. Here a novel C*-algebra of the canonical commutation relations is presented which does not suffer from such problems. It is based on the resolvents of the canonical operators and their algebraic relations. The resulting C*-algebra, the resolvent algebra, is shown to…
