In this paper we study the possibility to define irreducible representations of the symmetric groups with the help of finitely many relations. The existence of finite bases is established for the classes of representations corresponding to two-part partitions and to partitions from the fundamental alcove.
In this paper we show that the irreducible representations of a finite inverse semigroup $S$ over an algebraically closed field $F$ are in bijection with the conjugacy classes of $S$ if the characteristic of $F$ is zero or a prime number that does not divide the order of any maximal subgroup of $S$.
Young's orthogonal basis is a classical basis for an irreducible representation of a symmetric group. This basis happens to be a Gelfand-Tsetlin basis for the chain of symmetric groups. It is well-known that the chain of alternating groups, just like the chain of symmetric groups, has multiplicity-free restrictions for irreducible representations. Therefore each irreducible representation of an alternating group also admits Gelfand-Tsetlin bases. Moreover, each such representation is either the restriction of, or a subrepresentation of, the restriction of an irreducible representation of a sym…
An algorithm is described to compute the canonical basis of an irreducible module over a quantized enveloping algebra of a finite-dimensional semisimple Lie algebra. The algorithm works for modules that are constructed as a submodule of a tensor product of modules with known canonical bases.
In a categorification of tensor products of fundamental representations of quantum sl(k) via highest weight categories, the indecomposable tilting modules descend to the canonical basis. Since projective functors map tilting modules to tilting modules, the coefficients of the canonical basis of tensor products of finite dimensional, irreducible representations under the action of the Chevalley generators are positive.
In this paper we investigate the growth with respect to $p$ of dimensions of irreducible representations of a semisimple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ over $\overline{\mathbb{F}}_p$. More precisely, it is known that for $p\gg 0$, the irreducibles with a regular rational central character $λ$ and $p$-character $χ$ are indexed by a certain canonical basis in the $K_0$ of the Springer fiber of $χ$. This basis is independent of $p$. For a basis element, the dimension of the corresponding module is a polynomial in $p$. We show that the canonical basis is compatible with the two-sided cell filtration f…
In this paper all of the classical constructions of A. Young are generalized to affine Hecke algebras of type A. It is proved that the calibrated irreducible representations of the affine Hecke algebra are indexed by placed skew shapes and that these representations can be constructed explicitly with a generalization of Young's seminormal construction of the irreducible representations of the symmetric group. The seminormal construction of an irreducible calibrated module does not produce a basis on which the affine Hecke algebra acts integrally but using it one is able to pick out a different…
Let $G$ be a finite group of order divisible by a prime $p$. The number of $p$-regular and $p'$-regular conjugacy classes of $G$ is at least $2\sqrt{p-1}$. Also, the number of $p$-rational and $p'$-rational irreducible characters of $G$ is at least $2\sqrt{p-1}$. Along the way we prove a uniform lower bound for the number of $p$-regular classes in a finite simple group of Lie type in terms of its rank and size of the underlying field.
In the present paper, we construct two classes of non-weight modules $Ω(λ,α,β)\otimes\mathrm{Ind}(M)$ and $\mathcal{M}\big(V,Ω(λ,α,β)\big)$ over the twisted Heisenberg-Virasoro algebra, which are both associated with the modules $Ω(λ,α,β)$. We present the necessary and sufficient conditions under which modules in these two classes are irreducible and isomorphic, and also show that the irreducible modules in these two classes are new. Finally, we construct non-weight modules $\mathrm{Ind}_{\underline y,λ}(\C_{RS})$ and $\mathrm{Ind}_{\underline z,λ}(\C_{PQ})$ over the twisted Heisenberg-Virasor…
If chi is an irreducible character of a finite group G then the support of chi is the subset of G on which chi does not vanish. In this note, we study the supports of characters of certain classes of p-groups (a p-group is a finite group of prime power order). We show that if chi is an irreducible character of a metabelian p-group P, then the support of chi contains at most |P|/chi(1)^2 conjugacy classes, and we give a bound on the orders of the elements in the support. We give more precise results for p-groups of nilpotence class at most 3 and groups of order dividing p^9.
We introduce special classes of irreducible representations of groups: thick representations and dense representations. Denseness implies thickness, and thickness implies irreducibility. We show that absolute thickness and absolute denseness are open conditions for representations. Thereby, we can construct the moduli schemes of absolutely thick representations and absolutely dense representations. We also describe several results and several examples on thick representations for developing theory of thick representations.
Basis functions which are invariant under the operations of a rotational point group $G$ are able to describe any 3-D object which exhibits the rotational point group symmetry. However, in order to characterize the spatial statistics of an ensemble of objects in which each object is different but the statistics exhibit the symmetry, a complete set of basis functions is required. In particular, for each irreducible representation (irrep) of $G$, it is necessary to include basis functions that transform according to that irrep. This complete set of basis functions is a basis for square-integrabl…
It is known that the set of irreducible components of nilpotent varieties provides a geometric realization of the crystal basis for quantum groups. For each reduced expression of a Weyl group element, Geiß, Leclerc and Schröer has recently given a parametrization of irreducible components of nilpotent varieties in studying cluster algebras. In this paper we show that their parametrization coincides with Lusztig's parametrization of the canonical basis.
In this paper, all irreducible weight modules with finite dimensional weight spaces over the twisted Heisenberg-Virasoro algebra are determined. There are two different classes of them. One class is formed by simple modules of intermediate series, whose weight spaces are all 1-dimensional; the other class consists of the irreducible highest weight modules and lowest weight modules.
Inspired by the Capelli identities for group determinants obtained by Tôru Umeda, we give a basis of the center of the group algebra of any finite group by using Capelli identities for irreducible representations. The Capelli identities for irreducible representations are modifications of the Capelli identity. These identities lead to Capelli elements of the group algebra. These elements construct a basis of the center of the group algebra.
By work of De Concini, Kac and Procesi the irreducible representations of the non-restricted specialization of the quantized enveloping algebra of the Lie algebra g at the roots of unity are parametrized by the conjugacy classes of a group G with Lie(G)=g. We show that there is a natural dimension preserving bijection between the sets of irreducible representations associated with conjugacy classes lying in the same Jordan class (decomposition class). We conjecture a relation for representations associated with classes lying in the same sheet of G, providing two alternative formulations. We un…
Let G be a reductive connected algebraic group over the field of complex numbers. Through the geometric Satake equivalence, the fundamental classes of the Mirković-Vilonen cycles define a basis in each tensor product of rational irreducible representations of G. In the case G=SL_2(C), we show that this basis coincides with the dual canonical basis at q=1.
We consider two bases for an arbitrary finite dimensional irreducible representation of a complex special linear Lie algebra: the classical Gelfand-Tsetlin basis and the relatively new Chari-Loktev basis. Both are parametrized by the set of (integral Gelfand-Tsetlin) patterns with a fixed bounding sequence determined by the highest weight of the representation. We define the "row-wise dominance" partial order on this set of patterns, and prove that the transition matrix between the two bases is triangular with respect to this partial order. We write down explicit expressions for the diagonal e…
The geometric Satake correspondence can be regarded as a geometric construction of the rational representations of a complex connected reductive group G. In their study of this correspondence, Mirković and Vilonen introduced algebraic cycles that provide a linear basis in each irreducible representation. Generalizing this construction, Goncharov and Shen define a linear basis in each tensor product of irreducible representations. We investigate these bases and show that they share many properties with the dual canonical bases of Lusztig.
We calculate the representation growth zeta function of the discrete Heisenberg group over the integers of a quadratic number field. This is done by forming equivalence classes of representations, called twist iso-classes, and explicitly constructing a representative from each twist iso-class. Our method of construction involves studying the eigenspace structure of the elements of the image of the representation and then picking a suitable basis for the representation.
Two classes of irreducible highest weight modules of the general linear Lie superalgebra $gl(1/\infty)$ are constructed. Within each module a basis is introduced and the transformation relations of the basis under the action of the algebra generators are written down.
In the representation theory of simple Lie algebras, we consider the problem of constructing a "canonical" weight basis in an arbitrary irreducible finite-dimensional highest weight module. Vinberg suggested a method for constructing such bases by applying the lowering operators corresponding to all positive roots to the highest weight vector. He proposed several conjectures on the parametrization and structure of such bases. It is already known that these conjectures are true for the cases $A_n$, $C_n$, $G_2$, $B_3$. In this paper, we prove these conjectures for the Lie algebra of type $D_4$.
Let p be a prime number. We classify all smooth irreducible mod-p representations of the unramified unitary group U(1,1)(Q_p^2/Q_p) in two variables. We then investigate Langlands parameters in characteristic p associated to U(1,1)(Q_p^2/Q_p), and propose a correspondence between certain equivalence classes of Langlands parameters and certain isomorphism classes of semisimple L-packets on U(1,1)(Q_p^2/Q_p).
A basis for each finite-dimensional irreducible representation of the symplectic Lie algebra sp(2n) is constructed. The basis vectors are expressed in terms of the Mickelsson lowering operators. Explicit formulas for the matrix elements of generators of sp(2n) in this basis are given. The basis is natural from the viewpoint of the representation theory of the Yangians. The key role in the construction is played by the fact that the subspace of sp(2n-2)-highest vectors in any finite-dimensional irreducible representation of sp(2n) admits a natural structure of a representation of the Yangian Y(…
For any characteristic zero coefficient field, an irreducible representation of a finite $p$-group can be assigned a Roquette $p$-group, called the genotype. This has already been done by Bouc and Kronstein in the special cases Q and C. A genetic invariant of an irrep is invariant under group isomorphism, change of coefficient field, Galois conjugation, and under suitable inductions from subquotients. It turns out that the genetic invariants are precisely the invariants of the genotype. We shall examine relationships between some genetic invariants and the genotype. As an application, we shall…
In the study of symmetry classes of tensors, finding examples of symmetry classes of tensors that possess an o*-basis is of considerable interest. There are only few classes of groups that have been provided a necessary and sufficient condition for having such a basis. There is no general criterion for any finite groups yet. In this note, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of o*-basis of symmetry classes of tensors associated with semi-direct product of some finite abelian groups and, consequently, their wreath product.
Let $G$ be a finite group isomorphic to $SL_n(q)$ or $SU_n(q)$ for some prime power $q$. In this paper, we give an explicit description of the action of automorphisms of $G$ on the set of its irreducible complex characters. This is done by showing that irreducible constituents of restrictions of irreducible characters of $GL_n(q)$ (resp. $GU_n(q)$) to $SL_n(q)$ (resp. $SU_n(q)$) can be distinguished by the rational classes of their unipotent support which are equivariant under the action of automorphisms. Meanwhile, we give a criterion to explicitly determine whether an irreducible character i…
Let $n$ be the maximal nilpotent subalgebra of a simple complex Lie algebra $g$. We introduce the notion of imaginary vector in the dual canonical basis of $U_q(n)$, and we give examples of such vectors for types $A_n (n\ge 5)$, $B_n (n\ge 3)$, $C_n (n\ge 3)$, $D_n (n\ge 4)$, and all exceptional types. This disproves a conjecture of Berenstein and Zelevinsky about $q$-commuting products of vectors of the dual canonical basis. It also shows the existence of finite-dimensional irreducible representations of quantum affine algebras whose tensor square is not irreducible.
The irreducible characters of the symmetric group are a symmetric polynomial in the eigenvalues of a permutation matrix. They can therefore be realized as a symmetric function that can be evaluated at a set of variables and form a basis of the symmetric functions. This basis of the symmetric functions is of non-homogeneous degree and the (outer) product structure coefficients are the stable Kronecker coefficients. We introduce the irreducible character basis by defining it in terms of the induced trivial characters of the symmetric group which also form a basis of the symmetric functions. The …
In this note, we formulate an observation that "almost all" irreducible ordinary characters of finite groups of Lie type remain irreducible when restricted to the derived subgroups. To see this, key ingredients are some asymptotic results for conjugacy classes of finite groups of Lie type and strongly regular semisimple elements in dual groups.
We classify finite-dimensional irreducible highest weight modules of generalized quantum groups whose positive part is infinite dimensional and has a Kharchenko's PBW basis with an irreducible finite positive root system.
The complex irreducible representations of the symmetric group carry an important canonical basis called the Kazhdan-Lusztig basis. Although it is difficult to express how general permutations act on this basis, some distinguished permutations have beautiful descriptions. In 2010 Rhoades showed that the long cycle $(1, 2,..., n)$ acts by the jeu-de-taquin promotion operator in the case when the irreducible representation is indexed by a rectangular partition. We prove a generalisation of this theorem in two directions: on the one hand we lift the restriction on the shape of the partition, and …
The symplectic group branching algebra, B, is a graded algebra whose components encode the multiplicities of irreducible representations of Sp(2n-2,C) in each irreducible representation of Sp(2n,C). By describing on B an ASL structure, we construct an explicit standard monomial basis of B consisting of Sp(2n-2,C) highest weight vectors. Moreover, B is known to carry a canonical action of the n-fold product SL(2) \times ... \times SL(2), and we show that the standard monomial basis is the unique (up to scalar) weight basis associated to this representation. Finally, using the theory of Hibi alg…
For finite semidistributive lattices the map $κ$ gives a bijection between the sets of completely join-irreducible elements and completely meet-irreducible elements. Here we study the $κ$-map in the context of torsion classes. It is well-known that the lattice of torsion classes for an artin algebra is semidistributive, but in general it is far from finite. We show the $κ$-map is well-defined on the set of completely join-irreducible elements, even when the lattice of torsion classes is infinite. We then extend $κ$ to a map on torsion classes which have canonical join representations given by …
A conjugacy class $C$ of a finite group $G$ is a sign conjugacy class if every irreducible character of $G$ takes value 0, 1 or -1 on $C$. In this paper we classify the sign conjugacy classes of alternating groups.
By using the action of certain Galois groups on complex irreducible characters and conjugacy classes, we define the Galois characters and Galois classes. We will introduce a set of Galois characters, called Galois irreducible characters, and we show that each Galois character is a non-negative linear combination of the Galois irreducible characters. It is shown that whenever the complex characters of the groups of a tower produce a positive self-dual Hopf algebra (PSH), Galois characters of the groups of the tower also produce a PSH. Then we will classify the Galois characters and Galois class…
We show that a connected split reductive group G over a field of characteristic 0 is uniquely determined up to isomorphism by specifying a maximal torus T of G, the set of isomorphism classes of irreducible representations of G, and the character homomorphism from the Grothendieck ring of G to that of T.
Highlighting the use of critical classes, we consider constituents in Kronecker products, in particular of spin characters of the double covers of the symmetric and alternating groups. We apply results from the spin case to find constituents in Kronecker products of characters of the symmetric groups. Via this tool, we make progress on the Saxl conjecture; this claims that for a triangular number $n$, the square of the irreducible character of the symmetric group $S_n$ labelled by the staircase contains all irreducible characters of $S_n$ as constituents. We find a large number of constituents…
We study irreducible restrictions from modules over symmetric groups to subgroups. We get reduction results which substantially restrict the classes of subgroups and modules for which this is possible. Such results are known when the characteristic of the ground field is greater than $3$, but the small characteristics cases require a substantially more delicate analysis and new ideas. This work fits into the Aschbacher-Scott program on maximal subgroups of finite classical groups.
Given any symmetric Cartan datum, Lusztig has provided a pair of key lemmas to construct the perverse sheaves over the corresponding quiver and the functions of irreducible components over the corresponding preprojective algebra respectively. In the present article, we prove that these two inductive algorithms of Lusztig coincide. Consequently we can define two colored graphs and prove that they are isomorhic. This result finishes the statement that Lusztig's functions of irreducible components are basis of the enveloping algebra and deduces the crystal structure (in the sense of Kashiwara-Sai…
We call an irreducible character $p$-singular if $p$ divides its degree. We prove a number of equivalent conditions for a character of the symmetric group $S_n$ to be $p$-singular, involving a certain family of conjugacy classes. This answers in part a question by Navarro.
A conjugacy class $C$ of a finite group $G$ is a sign conjugacy class if every irreducible character of $G$ takes value 0, 1 or -1 on $C$. In this paper we classify the sign conjugacy classes of the symmetric groups and thereby verify a conjecture of Olsson.
We study irreducible restrictions from modules over alternating groups to subgroups. We get reduction results which substantially restrict the classes of subgroups and modules for which this is possible. This is known when the characteristic of the ground field is greater than $3$, but the small characteristics cases require a substantially more delicate analysis and new ideas. In view of our earlier work on symmetric groups we may consider only the restriction of irreducible modules over alternating groups which do not extend to symmetric groups. This work fits into the Aschbacher-Scott progr…
We study the coinvariant ring of the complex reflection group $G(r,p,n)$ as a module for the corresponding rational Cherednik algebra $\HH$ and its generalized graded affine Hecke subalgebra $\mathcal{H}$. We construct a basis consisting of non-symmetric Jack polynomials, and using this basis decompose the coinvariant ring into irreducible modules for $\mathcal{H}$. The basis consists of certain non-symmetric Jack polynomials, whose leading terms are the ``descent monomials'' for $G(r,p,n)$ recently studied by Adin, Brenti, and Roichman and Bagno and Biagoli. The irreducible $\mathcal{H}$-subm…
A weight basis for each finite-dimensional irreducible representation of the orthogonal Lie algebra o(2n) is constructed. The basis vectors are parametrized by the D-type Gelfand--Tsetlin patterns. Explicit formulas for the matrix elements of generators of o(2n) in this basis are given. The construction is based on the representation theory of the Yangians and extends our previous results for the symplectic Lie algebras.
Covariant tensor representations of gl(m|n) occur as irreducible components of tensor powers of the natural (m+n)-dimensional representation. We construct a basis of each covariant representation and give explicit formulas for the action of the generators of gl(m|n) in this basis. The basis has the property that the natural Lie subalgebras gl(m) and gl(n) act by the classical Gelfand-Tsetlin formulas. The main role in the construction is played by the fact that the subspace of gl(m)-highest vectors in any finite-dimensional irreducible representation of gl(m|n) carries a structure of an irredu…