Veronica Felli, Emmanuel Hebey, Frederic Robert
In this paper we study the energy function associated to fourth order equations of critical growth on smooth compact conformally flat manifolds of dimension greater or equal than 5.
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Conformally Covariant Boundary Operators and Sharp Higher Order Sobolev Trace Inequalities on Poincaré-Einstein Manifolds
本文为Poincaré-Einstein流形引入共形协变边界算子，建立高阶Dirichlet问题以恢复分数阶GJMS算子，并推导出相关高阶迹Sobolev不等式，最终结合Beckner不等式得到球上的尖锐高阶迹不等式。
We study qualitative properties for nonnegative solutions to a conformally invariant coupled system of fourth order equations involving critical exponents. For solutions defined in the punctured space, there exist essentially two cases to analyze. If the origin is a removable singularity, we prove that non-singular solutions are rotationally invariant and weakly positive. More precisely, they are the product of a fourth order spherical solution by a unit vector with nonnegative coordinates. If the origin is a non-removable singularity, we show that the solutions are radially symmetric and stro…
Reverse conformally invariant Sobolev inequalities on the sphere
针对n维球面上阶数2s>n的算子对应的共形不变Sobolev不等式最佳常数优化问题，将已有结论推广至s为非整数的情形，解决了所有n≥2维度下不等式的成立性问题。
We study the asymptotic behavior for singular solutions to a critical fourth order system generalizing the constant $Q$-curvature equation. Our main result extends to the case of strongly coupled systems, the celebrated asymptotic classification due to [L. A. Caffarelli, B. Gidas and J. Spruck, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. (1989)] and [N. Korevaar, R. Mazzeo, F. Pacard and R. Schoen, Invent. Math., (1999)]. On the technical level, we use an involved spectral analysis to study the Jacobi fields' growth properties in the kernel of the linearization of our system around a blow-up limit solution. Beside…
Conformally Covariant Boundary Operators and Sharp Higher Order CR Sobolev Trace Inequalities on the Siegel Domain and Complex Ball
本文在Siegel域与复球上构造显式共形协变边界算子，建立高阶Caffarelli-Silvestre延拓与全范围CR Sobolev迹不等式，并给出复双曲球散射问题的显式解。
New embeddings of weighted Sobolev spaces are established. Using such embeddings, we obtain the existence and regularity of positive solutions with Navier boundary value problems for a weighted fourth order elliptic equation. We also obtain Liouville type results for the related equation. Some problems are still open.
In this paper we use an algebraic topological argument due to Bahri and Coron to show how the topology of the domain influences the existence of positive solutions of some fourth order elliptic equation involving the critical Sobolev exponent.
A nonlinear fourth-order parabolic equation in one space dimension with periodic boundary conditions is studied. This equation arises in the context of fluctuations of a stationary nonequilibrium interface and in the modeling of quantum semiconductor devices. The existence of global-in-time non-negative weak solutions is shown. A criterion for the uniqueness of non-negative weak solutions is given. Finally, it is proved that the solution converges exponentially fast to its mean value in the ``entropy norm'' using a new optimal logarithmic Sobolev inequality for higher derivatives.
We continue the study on the transport properties of the Gaussian measures on Sobolev spaces under the dynamics of the cubic fourth order nonlinear Schrödinger equation. By considering the renormalized equation, we extend the quasi-invariance results in [30, 27] to Sobolev spaces of negative regularity. Our proof combines the approach introduced by Planchon, Tzvetkov, and Visciglia [35] with the normal form approach in [30, 27].
A sharp Sobolev trace inequality of order four on three-balls
本文研究三球上的四阶尖锐 Sobolev 迹不等式，并揭示其与二维球面上三阶尖锐 Sobolev 不等式的等价性。
Following an approach of the second author for conformally invariant variational problems in two dimensions, we show in four dimensions the existence of a conservation law for fourth order systems, which includes both intrinsic and extrinsic biharmonic maps. With the help of this conservation law we prove the continuity of weak solutions of this system. Moreover we use the conservation law to derive the existence of a unique global weak solution of the extrinsic biharmonic map flow in the energy space.
A fourth-order Cherrier-Escobar problem with prescribed corner behavior on the half-ball
本文研究了半球上的四阶Cherrier-Escobar型问题，通过共形改变$\mathbb{R}^4$中的半球，使得Gauss--Bonnet公式的唯一贡献为角点处的常数项。
Classical Sobolev approach for a critical fourth-order Leray-Lions type problem: existence and multiplicity of solutions
本文研究Navier和Dirichlet边界条件下具Sobolev临界增长的Leray-Lions型四阶椭圆问题，结合变分方法和临界点理论，在经典Sobolev空间中证明次线性扰动下解的存在性与超线性扰动下至少一个非平凡解的存在性，并推广至哈密顿系统。
Using the method of Nehari manifold, we prove the existence of at least two distinct weak solutions to elliptic equation of four order with singulatities and with critical Sobolev growth.
Sharp trace inequalities for conformally invariant fractional powers of the sublaplacian on the Heisenberg group and the CR sphere
本文在Heisenberg群和CR球上建立了精确的Sobolev迹不等式，扩展了Einav-Loss、Beckner和Bez-Machihara-Sugimoto在欧几里得空间的结果，并在极限情况下得到了CR球上的精确迹Beckner-Onofri不等式。
We describe a set of conformally covariant boundary operators associated to the Paneitz operator, in the sense that they give rise to a conformally covariant energy functional for the Paneitz operator on a compact Riemannian manifold with boundary. These operators naturally give rise to a first- and third-order conformally covariant pseudodifferential operator. In the setting of Poincaré--Einstein manifolds, we show that these operators agree with the fractional GJMS operators of Graham and Zworski. We also use our operators to establish some new sharp Sobolev trace inequalities.
The classical Sobolev and Escobar inequalities are embedded into the same one-parameter family of sharp trace-Sobolev inequalities on half-spaces. Equality cases are characterized for each inequality in this family by tweaking a well-known mass transportation argument and lead to a new comparison theorem for trace Sobolev inequalities. The case $p=2$ corresponds to a family of variational problems on conformally flat metrics which was previously settled by Carlen and Loss with their method of competing symmetries. In this case minimizers interpolate between conformally flat spherical and hyper…
Conformally invariant equations with negative critical exponents on the three dimensional hyperbolic space
研究三维双曲空间上四阶方程正解的增长率对称性，证明正解必须径向严格递减。
We investigate fourth order Paneitz equations of critical growth in the case of $n$-dimensional closed conformally flat manifolds, $n \ge 5$. Such equations arise from conformal geometry and are modelized on the Einstein case of the geometric equation describing the effects of conformal changes of metrics on the $Q$-curvature. We obtain sharp asymptotics for arbitrary bounded energy sequences of solutions of our equations from which we derive stability and compactness properties. In doing so we establish the criticality of the geometric equation with respect to the trace of its second order te…
In this paper we study some fourth order elliptic equation involving the critical Sobolev exponent, related to the prescription of a fourth order conformal invariant on the standard sphere. We use a topological method to prove the existence of at least a solution when the function to be prescribed is close to a constant and a finite dimensional map associated to it has non-zero degree.
We show explicit forms for extremals of some fourth-order sharp trace inequalities on the unit balls recently proved by Ache-Chang. We also give a classification result of the bi-harmonic equation on $\mathbb{R}^4_+$ with some conformally covariant boundary conditions.
We describe a set of conformally covariant boundary operators associated to the sixth-order GJMS operator on a conformally invariant class of manifolds which includes compactifications of Poincaré--Einstein manifolds. This yields a conformally covariant energy functional for the sixth-order GJMS operator on such manifolds. Our boundary operators also provide a new realization of the fractional GJMS operators of order one, three, and five as generalized Dirichlet-to-Neumann operators. This allows us to prove some sharp Sobolev trace inequalities involving the interior $W^{3,2}$-seminorm, includ…
In this paper we extend Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequalities on compact Riemannian manifolds for dimension $n\ne 2$. As one application, we solve a generalized Yamabe problem on locally conforamlly flat manifolds via a new designed energy functional and a new variational approach. Even for the classic Yamabe problem on locally conformally flat manifolds, our approach provides a new and relatively simpler solution.
We consider the Cauchy problem for the cubic fourth order nonlinear Schrödinger equation (4NLS) on the circle. In particular, we prove global well-posedness of the renormalized 4NLS in negative Sobolev spaces $H^s(\mathbb{T})$, $s > -\frac{1}{3}$, with enhanced uniqueness. The proof consists of two separate arguments. (i) We first prove global existence in $H^s(\mathbb{T})$, $s > -\frac{9}{20}$, via the short-time Fourier restriction norm method. By following the argument in Guo-Oh for the cubic NLS, this also leads to non-existence of solutions for the (non-renormalized) 4NLS in negative Sobo…
Compactness and non-compactness theorems of the fourth- and sixth-order constant $Q$-curvature problems
本文完整解决了四阶和六阶常 Q-曲率问题解集的紧性问题，证明了四阶情形在 5≤n≤24 维、六阶情形在 7≤n≤26 维时解集紧致，并揭示了由 Paneitz 算子和六阶 GJMS 算子的代数结构所驱动的统一层级模式。
We consider the Cauchy problem for the fourth order cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (4NLS). The main goal of this paper is to prove low regularity well-posedness and mild ill-posedness for (4NLS). We prove three results. First, we show that (4NLS) is locally well-posed in $H^s\left(\mathbb{R}\right), s\geq -\frac{1}{2}$ using the Fourier restriction norm method. Second, we show that (4NLS) is globally well-posed in $H^s\left(\mathbb{R}\right),s\geq -\frac{1}{2}$. To prove this, we use the $I$-method with the correction term strategy presented in Colliander-Keel-Staffilani-Takaoka-Tao [7].…
We establish three families of Sobolev trace inequalities of orders two and four in the unit ball under higher order moments constraint, and are able to construct \emph{smooth} test functions to show all such inequalities are \emph{almost optimal}. Some distinct feature in \emph{almost sharpness} examples between the fourth order and second order Sobolev trace inequalities is discovered. This has been neglected in higher order Sobolev inequality case in \cite{Hang}. As a byproduct, the method of our construction can be used to show the sharpness of the generalized Lebedev-Milin inequality unde…
We show precompactness results for solutions to parabolic fourth order geometric evolution equations. As part of the proof we obtain smoothing estimates for these flows in the presence of a curvature bound, an improvement on prior results which also require a Sobolev constant bound. As consequences of these results we show that for any solution with a finite time singularity, the $L^{\infty}$ norm of the curvature must go to infinity. Furthermore, we characterize the behavior at infinity of solutions with bounded curvature.
We obtain generalizations of the uniform Sobolev inequalities of Kenig, Ruiz and the fourth author \cite{KRS} for Euclidean spaces and Dos Santos Ferreira, Kenig and Salo \cite{DKS} for compact Riemannian manifolds involving critically singular potentials $V\in L^{n/2}$. We also obtain the analogous improved quasimode estimates of the the first, third and fourth authors \cite{BSS} , Hassell and Tacy \cite{HassellTacy}, the first and fourth author \cite{SBLog}, and Hickman \cite{Hickman} as well as analogues of the improved uniform Sobolev estimates of \cite{BSSY} and \cite{Hickman} involving s…
Fourth order Hardy-Sobolev equations: Singularity and doubly critical exponent
本文研究了$\mathbb{R}_+^N$上含双重临界指数的四阶Hardy-Sobolev方程，利用Mountain-Pass定理及新证的Hardy-Sobolev嵌入极值存在性，证明了在特定维度和参数条件下非平凡弱解的存在性。
Sharp fractional Sobolev and related inequalities on H-type groups
本文确定了H型群上与次拉普拉斯算子共形不变分数阶幂相关的分数阶Sobolev不等式的精确常数，并由此导出精确的log-Sobolev不等式与Sobolev迹不等式，推广了前人结果。
Using a variational method we prove the existence of nodal solutions to prescribed scalar Q- curvature type equations on compact Riemannian manifolds with boundary; these equations are fourth-order elliptic equations with critical Sobolev growth .
We show that on $\mathbb S^1(1/\sqrt{d-2})\times\mathbb S^{d-1}(1)$ the conformally invariant Sobolev inequality holds with a remainder term that is the fourth power of the distance to the optimizers. The fourth power is best possible. This is in contrast to the more usual vanishing to second order and is motivated by work of Engelstein, Neumayer and Spolaor. A similar phenomenon arises for subcritical Sobolev inequalities on $\mathbb S^d$. Our proof proceeds by an iterated Bianchi-Egnell strategy.
In this paper we perform a fine blow-up analysis for a fourth order elliptic equation involving critical Sobolev exponent, related to the prescription of some conformal invariant on the standard sphere. We derive from this analysis some a priori estimates in dimension 5 and 6. On the five dimensionl sphere these a priori estimates combined with the perturbation result of Part I allow us to obtain some existence results. On the six dimensional sphere we prove the existence of at least one solution when an associated index is different from zero.
This paper deals with a fourth order elliptic equation on compact Riemannian manifolds.We establish the existence of solutions to the equation with critical Sobolev growth which is the subject of the first theorem. In the second one, we prove the multiplicity of solutions in the subcritical case.
We classify all finite energy solutions of an equation which arises as the Euler--Lagrange equation of a conformally invariant logarithmic Sobolev inequality on the sphere due to Beckner. Our proof uses an extension of the method of moving spheres from $\mathbb R^n$ to $\mathbb S^n$ and a classification result of Li and Zhu. Along the way we prove a small volume maximum principle and a strong maximum principle for the underlying operator which is closely related to the logarithmic Laplacian.
For compact, isometrically embedded Riemannian manifolds $ N \hookrightarrow \mathbb{R}^L$, we introduce a fourth-order version of the wave map equation. By energy estimates, we prove an $\textit{a priori}$ estimate for smooth local solutions in the energy subcritical dimension $ n = 1,2$. The estimate excludes blow-up of a Sobolev norm in finite existence times. In particular, combining this with recent work of local well-posedness of the Cauchy problem, it follows that for smooth initial data with compact support, there exists a (smooth) unique global solution in dimension $n = 1,2$. We also…
We prove that the solution map, associated to the quintic fourth order nonlinear Schrödinger equation, exhibits the norm inflation phenomenon at every point in the Sobolev spaces of super-critical regularity. Indeed, we prove this result separately in the cases of negative and of positive regularity. In the negative regularity case, we prove the result for both the defocusing and focusing equations: in the one dimensional case, the associated solution map exhibits norm inflation in Sobolev spaces of super-critical regularity (including the critical index); in the higher dimensional case, the s…
Conservation law for a fourth order elliptic system in supercritical dimensions
本文在系数函数满足特定Lorentz-Sobolev可积性假设下，将Lamm-Rivière的四阶椭圆系统守恒律推广至超临界维数，拓展了该守恒律的适用维度范围。
We examine the following fourth order Hénon equation \label{pipe} Δ^2 u = |x|^αu^p \qquad \text{in}\ \IR^N, where $ 0 < α$. Define the Hardy-Sobolev exponent $ p_4(α):= \frac{N+4 + 2 α}{N-4}$. We show that in dimension N=5 there are no positive bounded classical solutions of (\ref{pipe}) provided $ 1 < p < p_4(α)$.
We study the transport properties of the Gaussian measures on Sobolev spaces under the dynamics of the cubic fourth order nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the circle. In particular, we establish an optimal regularity result for quasi-invariance of the mean-zero Gaussian measures on Sobolev spaces. The main new ingredient is an improved energy estimate established by performing an infinite iteration of normal form reductions on the energy functional. Furthermore, we show that the dispersion is essential for such a quasi-invariance result by proving non quasi-invariance of the Gaussian measures…
In this paper we derive a refined asymptotic expansion, near an isolated singularity, for conformally flat metrics with constant positive Q-curvature and positive scalar curvature. The condition that the metric has constant Q-curvature forces the conformal factor to satisfy a fourth order nonlinear partial differential equation with critical Sobolev growth, whose leading term is the bilaplacian. We model our results on a similar asymptotic expansion for conformally flat, constant scalar curvature metrics proven by Korevaar, Mazzeo, Pacard, and Schoen. Along the way we analyze the linearization…
We consider the cubic fourth order nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the circle. In particular, we prove that the mean-zero Gaussian measures on Sobolev spaces $H^s(\mathbb{T})$, $s > \frac34$, are quasi-invariant under the flow.
On the sharp constants in curl-Sobolev inequalities on $\mathbb{S}^n$
本文研究了$\mathbb{S}^n$上curl-Sobolev不等式中精确常数的问题，证明了$J_1$的局部稳定性及$J_2$的不稳定性，给出了精确常数的严格上界。
A simple proof of reverse Sobolev inequalities on the sphere and Sobolev trace inequalities on the unit ball
本文给出球面上反向Sobolev不等式及单位球上Sobolev迹不等式的简单证明，利用反向HLS不等式和质心条件，并建立定量稳定性。
We prove the local well-posedness for the nonlinear fourth-order Schrödinger equation (NL4S) in Sobolev spaces. We also studied the regularity of solutions in the sub-critical case. A direct consequence of this regularity is the global well-posedness above mass and energy spaces under some assumptions. Finally, we show the ill-posedness for (NL4S) in some cases of the super-critical range.
Our first objective in this paper is to give a natural formulation of the Christoffel problem for hypersurfaces in $H^{n+1}$, by means of the hyperbolic Gauss map and the notion of hyperbolic curvature radii for hypersurfaces. Our second objective is to provide an explicit equivalence of this Christoffel problem with the famous problem of prescribing scalar curvature on $§^n$ for conformal metrics, posed by Nirenberg and Kazdan-Warner. This construction lets us translate into the hyperbolic setting the known results for the scalar curvature problem, and also provides a hypersurface theory inte…
Infinitely many solutions to a conformally invariant elliptic equation with Choquard-type nonlinearity
本文研究具有非局部临界幂非线性的共形不变椭圆方程，通过将问题提升到标准球面利用对称性克服Sobolev嵌入紧性失效，构造出两类无界变号解序列。
We consider two cases of the asymptotically flat scalar-flat Yamabe problem on a non-compact manifold with boundary, in dimension $n\geq3$. First, following arguments of Cantor and Brill in the compact case, we show that given an asymptotically flat metric $g$, there is a conformally equivalent asymptotically flat scalar-flat metric that agrees with $g$ on the boundary. We then replace the metric boundary condition with a condition on the mean curvature: Given a function $f$ on the boundary that is not too large, we show that there is an asymptotically flat scalar-flat metric, conformally equi…
Local well-posedness of the initial value problem for a fourth-order nonlinear dispersive system on the real line
本文研究一维四阶色散偏微分积分方程组的初值问题，应用基于规范变换的能量方法和Bona-Smith逼近技术，证明了该问题在实线上对高正则性Sobolev空间初始数据的时间局部适定性。
We deal with nonlinear weighted biharmonic problem in the unit ball of $\mathbb{R}^{4}$. The weight is of logarithm type. The nonlinearity is critical in view of Adam's inequalities in the weighted Sobolev space $W^{2,2}_{0}(B,w)$. We prove the existence of non trivial solutions via the critical point theory. The main difficulty is the loss of compactness due to the critical exponential growth of the nonlinear term $f$. We give a new growth condition and we point out its importance for checking the Palais-Smale compactness condition.
We obtain heat kernel estimates for a class of fourth order non-uniformly elliptic operators in two dimensions. Contrary to existing results, the operators considered have symbols that are not strongly convex. This rises certain difficulties as it is known that, as opposed to the strongly convex case, there is no absolute exponential constant. Our estimates involve sharp constants and Finsler-type distances that are induced by the operator symbol. The main result is based on two general hypotheses, a weighted Sobolev inequalitry and an interpolation inequality, which are related to the singula…
Global Well-posedness for The Fourth-order Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations on $\mathbb{R}^{2}$
本文利用$I$-方法证明了二维散焦四阶非线性Schrödinger方程在$H^{s}(\mathbb{R}^{2})$中当$2-\frac{3}{4k}<s<2$时的全局适定性。
A dual Yamabe flow and related integral flows
研究黎曼流上涉及Riesz势的非线性积分流，通过引入对偶Q曲率分析HLS临界区域的集中紧性现象，并在积分核匹配Green函数时将其视为对偶Yamabe流，证明了其在单位球及局部共形平坦流形上的收敛性。
A note on the fourth-order Schrodinger equation with spatially growing inhomogeneous source term
本文研究了一个非线性双调和薛定谔方程，考虑了非均匀项的影响，发展了小数据的局部和全局理论，并在更低正则性下发展了局部理论。
A degenerate fourth-order parabolic equation modeling condensation phenomena related to Bose-Einstein particles is analyzed. The model is a Fokker-Planck-type approximation of the Boltzmann-Nordheim equation, only keeping the leading order term. It maintains some of the main features of the kinetic model, namely mass and energy conservation and condensation at zero energy. The existence of a local-in-time nonnegative continuous weak solution is proven. If the solution is not global, it blows up with respect to the $L^\infty$ norm in finite time. The proof is based on approximation arguments, i…
We investigate the problem of entire solutions for a class of fourth order, dilation invariant, semilinear elliptic equations with power-type weights and with subcritical or critical growth in the nonlinear term. These equations define non compact variational problems and are characterized by the presence of a term containing lower order derivatives, whose strength is ruled by a parameter λ. We can prove existence of entire solutions found as extremal functions for some Rellich-Sobolev type inequalities. Moreover, when the nonlinearity is suitably close to the critical one and the parameter λ …
Local well-posedness for a fourth-order nonlinear dispersive system on the 1D torus
本文研究一维环面上含二阶导数非线性项的四阶色散偏微分方程组初值问题，给出系数充分条件以保证其在高正则性Sobolev空间中时间局部适定，证明结合能量法、规范变换与Bona-Smith型抛物正则化，结果关联曲线流的几何色散方程分析。
A new method to compute Schauder Estimates for multidimensional fourth order heat-type equations is proposed. In particular, we show how knowing Schauder or Sobolev estimates for the one-dimensional fourth order heat equation allows to derive their multidimensional analogs for equations with time inhomogeneous coefficients with the same constants as in the case of the one-dimensional heat equation. Our method relies on a merger between (Krylov and Priola, 2017), where they actually showed the same result for the classical second order heat equation and (Funaki, 1979), where a probabilistic con…
Calderón-Zygmund estimates for higher order elliptic equations in Orlicz-Sobolev spaces
针对四阶拟线性椭圆问题（G(t)为N函数），得到Calderón-Zygmund估计，证明当G(f)∈L^q（q≥1）时，G(Δu)∈L^q。
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