A left ideal of any $C^*$-algebra is an example of an operator algebra with a right contractive approximate identity (r.c.a.i.). Indeed left ideals in $C^*$-algebras may be characterized as the class of such operator algebras, which happen also to be triple systems.
Conversely, we show here and in a sequel to this paper, that operator algebras with r.c.a.i. should be studied in terms of a certain left ideal of a $C^*$-algebra. We study left ideals from the perspective of `Hamana theory' and using the multiplier algebras introduced by the author. More generally, we develop some general theory for operator algebras which have a 1-sided identity or approximate identity, including a Banach-Stone theorem for these algebras, and an analysis of the `multiplier operator algebra'.
The theory of one-sided $M$-ideals and multipliers of operator spaces is simultaneously a generalization of classical $M$-ideals, ideals in operator algebras, and aspects of the theory of Hilbert $C^*$-modules and their maps. Here we give a systematic exposition of this theory; a reference tool for `noncommutative functional analysts' who may encounter a one-sided $M$-ideal or multiplier in their work.
In the present note we show that if A is a locally C*-algebra, and I and J are closed two-sided ideals in A, then the positive part of (I+J) is equal to the sum of positive parts of I and J.
We generalize an important class of Banach spaces, namely the $M$-embedded Banach spaces, to the non-commutative setting of operator spaces. The one-sided $M$-embedded operator spaces are the operator spaces which are one-sided $M$-ideals in their second dual. We show that several properties from the classical setting, like the stability under taking subspaces and quotients, unique extension property, Radon Nikod$\acute {\rm{y}}$m Property and many more, are retained in the non-commutative setting. We also discuss the dual setting of one-sided $L$-embedded operator spaces.
The theory of M-ideals and multiplier mappings of Banach spaces naturally generalizes to left (or right) M-ideals and multiplier mappings of operator spaces. These subspaces and mappings are intrinsically characterized in terms of the matrix norms. In turn this is used to prove that the algebra of left adjointable mappings of a dual operator space X is a von Neumann algebra. If in addition X is an operator A--B-bimodule for $C^{*}$-algebras A and B, then the module operations on X are automatically weak$^{*}$ continuous. One sided L-projections are introduced, and analogues of various results …
We give a necessary and sufficient criterion for an operator in a nest algebra to belong to a proper two-sided ideal of that algebra. Using this result, we describe the strong radical of a nest algebra, and give a general description of the maximal two-sided ideals.
In [BEZ] the notion of a complete one-sided M-ideal for an operator space X was introduced as a generalization of Alfsen and Effros' notion of an M-ideal for a Banach space [AE72]. In particular, various equivalent formulations of complete one-sided M-projections were given. In this paper, some sharper equivalent formulations are given in the special situation that $X = \mathcal{A}$, a $C^*$-algebra (in which case the complete left M-projections are simply left multiplication on $\mathcal{A}$ by a fixed orthogonal projection in $\mathcal{A}$ or its multiplier algebra). The proof of the first e…
It has been established by Inoue that a complex locally C*-algebra with a dense ideal posesses a bounded approximate identity which belonges to that ideal. It has been shown by Fritzsche that if a unital complex locally C*-algebra has an unbounded element then it also has a dense one-sided ideal. In the present paper we obtain analogues of the aforementioned results of Inoue and Fritzsche for real locally C*-algebras (projective limits of projective families of real C*-algebras), and for locally JB-algebras (projective limits of projective families of JB-algebras).
We show that a $C^\star$-algebra $B$ contains a dense left or right Fréchet ideal $A$, with $A$ a nuclear locally convex space, if and only if the primitive ideal space Prim$(B)$ of $B$ is discrete and countable, and $B/I$ is finite dimensional for each $I \in $ Prim$(B)$. We show the forward implication holds for a general Banach algebra $B$, if the ideal is assumed two-sided. For $C^\star$-algebras, we construct all two-sided dense nuclear ideals by defining a set of matrix-valued Schwartz functions on the countable discrete space Prim$(B)$.
This paper is a revision and an enlargement of the previous version titled "Extreme points of the unit ball of a quasi-multiplier space" which had been circulated since 2004. We study extreme points of the unit ball of an operator space by introducing the new notion (approximate) "quasi-identities". Then we characterize an operator algebra with a contractive approximate quasi- (respectively, left, right, two-sided) identity in terms of quasi-multipliers and extreme points. Furthermore, we give a very neat necessary and sufficient condition for a given operator space to become a $C^*$-algebra o…
Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg（查尔姆斯理工大学和哥德堡大学）；College of Science, Rikkyo University（立教大学理学部）；Center for Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences, RIKEN（RIKEN跨学科理论与科学中心）
In this paper we give characterizations of essential left ideals of a C*-algebra $A$ in terms of their properties as operator $A$-modules. Conversely, we seek C*-algebraic characterizations of those ideals $J$ in $A$ such that $A$ is an essential extension of $J$ in various categories of operator modules. In the case of two-sided ideals, we prove that all the above concepts coincide. We obtain results, analogous to {M. Hamana's} results, which characterize the injective envelope of a C*-algebra as a maximal essential extension of the C*-algebra, but with completely positive maps replaced by co…
This paper is a continuation of the program started by Ruan in 2003, of developing real operator space theory. In particular, we develop the theory of real operator algebras. We also show among other things that the injective envelope, C*-envelope and non-commutative Shilov boundary exist for a real operator space. We develop real one-sided M-ideal theory and characterize one-sided M-ideals in real C*-algebras and real operator algebras with contractive approximate identity.
We continue the study of r-ideals, l-ideals, and HSA's in operator algebras. Some applications are made to the structure of operator algebras, including Wedderburn type theorems for a class of operator algebras. We also consider the one-sided $M$-ideal structure of certain tensor products of operator algebras.
This work introduces the concept of an M-complete approximate identity (M-cai) for a given operator subspace X of an operator space Y. M-cai's generalize central approximate identities in ideals in $C^*$-algebras, for it is proved that if X admits an M-cai in Y, then X is a complete M-ideal in Y. It is proved, using ``special'' M-cai's, that if $\cal J$ is a nuclear ideal in a $C^*$-algebra $\cal A$, then $\cal J$ is completely complemented in Y for any (isomorphically) locally reflexive operator space Y with $\cal J \subset Y \subset \cal A$ and $Y/\cal J$ separable. (This generalizes the pre…
A notion of partial ideal for an operator algebra is a weakening the notion of ideal where the defining algebraic conditions are enforced only in the commutative subalgebras. We show that, in a von Neumann algebra, the ultraweakly closed two-sided ideals, which we call total ideals, correspond to the unitarily invariant partial ideals. The result also admits an equivalent formulation in terms of central projections. We place this result in the context of an investigation into notions of spectrum of noncommutative $C^*$-algebras.
A $C^{*}$-algebra $A$ has ideal property if any ideal $I$ of $A$ is generated as a closed two sided ideal by the projections inside the ideal. Suppose that the limit $C^{*}$-algebra $A$ of inductive limit of direct sums of matrix algebras over spaces with uniformly bounded dimension has ideal property. In this paper, we will prove that $A$ can be written as an inductive limit of certain very special subhomogeneous algebras, namely, direct sum of dimension drop interval algebras and matrix algebras over 2-dimensional spaces with torsion $H^{2}$ groups.
Various questions on Lie ideals of C*-algebras are investigated. They fall roughly under the following topics: relation of Lie ideals to closed two-sided ideals; Lie ideals spanned by special classes of elements such as commutators, nilpotents, and the range of polynomials; characterization of Lie ideals as similarity invariant subspaces.
Let $A$ be an $AH$ algebra, that is, $A$ is the inductive limit $C^{*}$-algebra of $$A_{1}\xrightarrow{ϕ_{1,2}}A_{2}\xrightarrow{ϕ_{2,3}}A_{3}\longrightarrow\cdots\longrightarrow A_{n}\longrightarrow\cdots$$ with $A_{n}=\bigoplus_{i=1}^{t_{n}}P_{n,i}M_{[n,i]}(C(X_{n,i}))P_{n,i}$, where $X_{n,i}$ are compact metric spaces, $t_{n}$ and $[n,i]$ are positive integers, and $P_{n,i}\in M_{[n,i]}(C(X_{n,i}))$ are projections. Suppose that $A$ has the ideal property: each closed two-sided ideal of $A$ is generated by the projections inside the ideal, as a closed two-sided ideal. Suppose that $\sup_{n,…
A $C^*$-algebra $A$ is said to have the ideal property if each closed two-sided ideal of $A$ is generated by the projections inside the ideal, as a closed two sided ideal. $C^*$-algebras with the ideal property are generalization and unification of real rank zero $C^*$-algebras and unital simple $C^*$-algebras. It is long to be expected that an invariant (see [Stev] and [Ji-Jiang], [Jiang-Wang] and [Jiang1]) , we call it $Inv^0(A)$ (see the introduction), consisting of scaled ordered total $K$-group $(\underline{K}(A), \underline{K}(A)^{+},ΣA)_Λ$ (used in the real rank zero case), the tracial …
We associate an algebra $\Gami(\fA)$ to each bornological algebra $\fA$. The algebra $\Gami(\fA)$ contains a two-sided ideal $I_{S(\fA)}$ for each symmetric ideal $S\triqui\elli$ of bounded sequences of complex numbers. In the case of $\Gami=\Gami(\C)$, these are all the two-sided ideals, and $I_S\mapsto J_S=\cB I_S\cB$ gives a bijection between the two-sided ideals of $\Gami$ and those of $\cB=\cB(\ell^2)$. We prove that Weibel's $K$-theory groups $KH_*(I_{S(\fA)})$ are homotopy invariant for certain ideals $S$ including $c_0$ and $\ell^p$. Moreover, if either $S=c_0$ and $\fA$ is a local $C^…
Given a unital ring $R$ and a two-sided ideal $I$ of $R$, we consider the question of determining when a unit of $R/I$ can be lifted to a unit of $R$. For the wide class of separative exchange ideals $I$, we show that the only obstruction to lifting invertibles relies on a K-theoretic condition on $I$. This allows to extend previously known index theories to this context. Using this we can draw consequences for von Neumann regular rings and C*-algebras with real rank zero.
