Manfred Lehn, Christoph Sorger
To any graded Frobenius algebra A we associate a sequence of graded Frobenius algebras A^[n] in such a way that for any smooth projective surface X with trivial canonical divisor there is a canonical isomorphism of rings between (H*X)^[n] and the cohomology H*(X^[n]) of the n-th Hilbert scheme of X.
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We study cup products in integral cohomology of the Hilbert scheme of $n$ points on a K3 surface and present a computer program for this purpose. In particular, we deal with the question, which classes can be represented by products of lower degrees.
The integral cohomology ring of the Hilbert scheme of n-tuples on the affine plane is shown to be isomorphic to the graded ring associated to a filtration of the ring of integral class functions on the symmetric group.
We revisit Ellingsrud and Strø mme's cellular decomposition of the Hilbert scheme of points in the projective plane. We study the product of cohomology classes defined by the closures of cells, deriving necessary conditions for the non-vanishing of cohomology classes. Though our conditions are formulated in purely combinatorial terms, the machinery for deriving them includes techniques from Biał ynicki-Birula theory: We study closures of Biał ynicki-Birula cells in complete complex varieties equipped with ample line bundles. We prove a necessary condition for two such closures to meet, and app…
Let $X=X_1\cup \cdots \cup X_s\subset \mathbb {P}^n$, $n\ge 4$, be a general union of smooth non-special curves with $X_i$ of degree $d_i$ and genus $g_i$ and $d_i\ge \max \{2g_i-1,g_i+n\}$ if $g_i>0$. We prove that $X$ has maximal rank, i.e. for any $t\in \mathbb {N}$ either $h^0(\mathcal{I}_X(t))=0$ or $h^1(\mathcal{I}_X(t))=0$.
Let X be a complete complex nonsingular algebraic variety and D a closed algebraic subset of X. We show that the cup product maps H^i(X \setminus D) \otimes H^j(X,D) \to H^{i+j}(X,D) are morphisms of mixed Hodge structures. As a corollary we obtain a new proof of a duality result of Fujiki. We also deal with the extraordinary cup product.
Let $X$ be a complete $\mathbb{Q}$-factorial toric variety. We explicitly describe the space $H^2(X,T_X)$ and the cup product map $H^1(X,T_X)\times H^1(X,T_X)\to H^2(X,T_X)$ in combinatorial terms. Using this, we give an example of a smooth projective toric threefold for which the cup product map does not vanish, showing that in general, smooth complete toric varieties may have obstructed deformations.
We study questions surrounding cup-product maps which arise from pairs of non-degenerate line bundles on an abelian variety. Important to our work is Mumford's index theorem which we use to prove that non-degenerate line bundles exhibit positivity analogous to that of ample line bundles. As an application we determine the asymptotic behaviour of families of cup-product maps and prove that vector bundles associated to these families are asymptotically globally generated. To illustrate our results we provide several examples. For instance, we construct families of cup-product problems which resu…
Let $A_K$ be an abelian variety with semistable reduction over a strictly henselian field of positive characteristic with perfect residue class field. We show that there is a close connection between the pairings of Grothendieck, Bester/Bertapelle and Shafarevic. In particular, we show that the pairing of Bester/Bertapelle can be used to describe the $p$-part of Grothendieck's pairing in the semistable reduction case, thus proving a conjecture of Bertapelle.
We connect Veronese embeddings to splitting varieties of cup products. We then give an algorithm for constructing splitting varieties for cup products with $\mathbb Z/n$ coefficients, with an explicit calculation for $n=3$. An application to the automatic realization of Galois groups is given.
We give a general formula relating self cup products in cohomology to connecting maps in nonabelian cohomology, and apply it to obtain a formula for the self cup product associated to the Weil pairing.
Cup products on curves over finite fields
该研究针对有限域上的光滑射影几何不可约曲线，计算了两类平展上同调群元素的上积，明确了代数闭包下上积与Weil配对的关联，以及基域上因取值群不同带来的微妙差异。
Given any smooth toric surface S, we prove a SYM-HILB correspondence which relates the 3-point, degree zero, extended Gromov-Witten invariants of the n-fold symmetric product stack [Sym^n(S)] of S to the 3-point extremal Gromov-Witten invariants of the Hilbert scheme Hilb^n(S) of n points on S. As we do not specialize the values of the quantum parameters involved, this result proves a strengthening of Ruan's Cohomological Crepant Resolution Conjecture for the Hilbert-Chow morphism from Hilb^n(S) to Sym^n(S) and yields a method of reconstructing the cup product for Hilb^n(S) from the orbifold i…
We study the multiplicative structure of orbifold Hochschild cohomology in an attempt to generalize the results of Kontsevich and Calaque-Van den Bergh relating the Hochschild and polyvector field cohomology rings of a smooth variety. We introduce the concept of linearized derived scheme, and we argue that when $X$ is a smooth algebraic variety and $G$ is a finite abelian group acting on $X$, the derived fixed locus $\widetilde{X^G}$ admits an HKR linearization. This allows us to define a product on the cohomology of polyvector fields of the orbifold $[X/G]$. We analyze the obstructions to ass…
We give a short proof of a formula of de Shalit, expressing the cup product of two vector valued one forms of the second kind on a Mumford curve in terms of Coleman integrals and residues. The proof uses the notion of double indices on curves and their reciprocity laws.
Let $S\to C$ be a smooth projective surface with numerically trivial canonical bundle fibered onto a curve. We prove the multiplicativity of the perverse filtration with respect to the cup product on $H^*(S^{[n]},\mathbb{Q})$ for the natural morphism $S^{[n]}\to C^{(n)}$. We also prove the multiplicativity for five families of Hitchin systems obtained in a similar way and compute the perverse numbers of the Hitchin moduli spaces. We show that for small values of $n$ the perverse numbers match the predictions of the numerical version of the de Cataldo-Hausel-Migliorini $P=W$ conjecture and of t…
We prove that the obstruction bundle used to define the cup-product in Chen-Ruan cohomology is determined by the so-called `age grading' or `degree-shifting numbers'. Indeed, the obstruction bundle can be directly computed using the age grading. We obtain a Kunneth Theorem for Chen-Ruan cohomology as a direct consequence of an elementary property of the age grading, and explain how several other results - including associativity of the cup-product - can be proved in a similar way.
We study the Belkale-Kumar family of cup products on the cohomology of a generalized flag variety. We give an alternative construction of the family using relative Lie algebra cohomology, and in particular, identify the Belkale-Kumar cup product with a relative Lie algebra cohomology ring for every value of the parameter. As a consequence, we extend a fundamental disjointness result of Kostant to a family of Lie algebras. In an appendix, written jointly with Edward Richmond, we extend a Levi movability result of Belkale and Kumar to arbitrary parameters.
We define higher categorical invariants (gerbes) of codimension two algebraic cycles and provide a categorical interpretation of the intersection of divisors on a smooth proper algebraic variety. This generalization of the classical relation between divisors and line bundles furnishes a new perspective on the Bloch-Quillen formula.
We first show the existence of a weight filtration on the equivariant cohomology of real algebraic varieties equipped with the action of a finite group, by applying group cohomology to the dual geometric filtration. We then prove the compatibility of the equivariant weight filtrations and spectral sequences with K{ü}nneth isomorphism, cup and cap products, from the filtered chain level. We finally induce the usual formulae for the equivariant cup and cap products from their analogs on the non-equivariant weight spectral sequences.
Stability conditions on products of curves and Hilbert schemes of surfaces
研究曲线积导出范畴的稳定性条件，构造特定曲面点希尔伯特方案的稳定性条件。
Tangent bundle of punctual Hilbert scheme and distinguishing products of varieties
研究光滑项目表面点希尔伯特方案的切包不可分解成分，并证明关于光滑项目表面点希尔伯特方案乘积分类的猜想，同时确定两个对称幂乘积的同构条件。
Let X=G/B be a complete flag variety, and L' and L" two line bundles on X. Consider the cup product map H^{d'}(X,L') x H^{d"}(X, L") --> H^{d}(X,L), where L=L' x L" and d=d'+d". We answer two natural questions about the map above: When is it a nonzero map of irreducible G-representations? Conversely, given generic irreducible representations V' and V" of G, which irreducible components of V' x V" may appear in the right hand side of the map above? We also give bounds on the multiplicities appearing in a tensor product, and relate these considerations to the boundary of the Littlewood-Richardso…
We study the ideals of the rational cohomology ring of the Hilbert scheme X^{[n]} of n points on a smooth projective surface X. As an application, for a large class of smooth quasi-projective surfaces X, we show that every cup product structure constant of H^*(X^{[n]}) is independent of n; moreover, we obtain two sets of ring generators for the cohomology ring H^*(X^{[n]}). Similar results are established for the Chen-Ruan orbifold cohomology ring of the symmetric product. In particular, we prove a ring isomorphism between H^*(X^{[n]}, C) and H^*_{orb}(X^{[n]}/S_n, C) for a large class of smoo…
If $I=(f_1,\ldots,f_r)$ is an ideal in $S=k[x_1,\ldots,x_n]$, and $f_i$ are "general" elements of given degrees, there is a conjecture on the Hilbert series of $S/I$. We are considering the corresponding concepts in bigraded rings.
Given a family of based CW-pairs $(\underline{X},\underline{A})=\{(X;A)\}^m_{i=1}$ together with an abstract simplicial complex $K$ with $m$ vertices, there is an associated based CW-complex $Z(K;(\underline{X},\underline{A}))$ known as a generalized moment-angle complex. The decomposition theorem of \cite{bbcg}, \cite{bbcg2} splits the suspension of $Z(K; (\underline{X}, \underline{A}))$ into a bouquet of spaces determined by the full sub-complexes of $K$. Thatdecomposition theorem is used here to describe the ring structure for the cohomology of Z(K; (\underline{X}, \underline{A})). Explicit…
The diagonal in a product of projective spaces is cut out by the ideal of 2x2-minors of a matrix of unknowns. The multigraded Hilbert scheme which classifies its degenerations has a unique Borel-fixed ideal. This Hilbert scheme is generally reducible, and its main component is a compactification of PGL(d)^n/PGL(d). For n=2 we recover the manifold of complete collineations. For projective lines we obtain a space of trees that is irreducible but singular. All ideals in our Hilbert scheme are radical. We also explore connections to affine buildings and Deligne schemes.
We calculate the cohomology spaces of the Hilbert schemes of points on surfaces with values in locally constant systems. For that purpose, we generalise I. Grojnoswki's and H. Nakajima's description of the ordinary cohomology in terms of a Fock space representation to the twisted case. We further generalise M. Lehn's work on the action of the Virasoro algebra to the twisted case. Building on work by M. Lehn and Ch. Sorger, we then give an explicit description of the cup-product in the twisted case whenever the surface has a numerically trivial canonical divisor. We formulate our results in a w…
In this paper we review various strikingly parallel algebraic structures behind Hilbert schemes of points on surfaces and certain finite groups called the wreath products. We explain connections among Hilbert schemes, wreath products, infinite-dimensional Lie algebras, and vertex algebras. As an application we further describe the cohomology ring structure of the Hilbert schemes. We organize this exposition around several general principles which have been supported by various works on these subjects.
We describe the ring structure of the cohomology of the Hilbert scheme of points for a smooth surface X. When the canonical class K_X = 0, this was done by Lehn and Sorger, extending earlier work when X = C^2. Their approach does not generalize. Instead we recast this problem as a question of finding integrals of motion for a Hamiltonian which describes ``intersection with the boundary''. To do so, we use the identification of the cohomology of the Hilbert schemes with a Fock space modelled on the lattice H(X). With this identification, Lehn computed the operator of intersection with the bound…
We prove an arithmetic version of a theorem of Hirzebruch and Zagier saying that Hirzebruch-Zagier divisors on a Hilbert modular surface are the coefficients of an elliptic modular form of weight two. Moreover, we determine the arithmetic self-intersection number of the line bundle of modular forms equipped with its Petersson metric on a regular model of a Hilbert modular surface, and study Faltings heights of arithmetic Hirzebruch-Zagier divisors.
We combine our results on symmetric products and second quantization with our description of discrete torsion in order to explain the ring structure of the cohomology of the Hilbert scheme of points on a K3 surface. This is achieved in terms of an essentially unique symmetric group Frobenius algebra twisted by a specific discrete torsion. This twist is realized in form of a tensor product with a twisted group algebra that is defined by a discrete torsion cocycle. We furthermore show that the form of this cocycle is dictated by the geometry of the Hilbert scheme as a resolution of singularities…
Various algebraic structures have recently appeared in a parallel way in the framework of Hilbert schemes of points on a surface and respectively in the framework of equivariant K-theory [N1,Gr,S2,W], but direct connections are yet to be clarified to explain such a coincidence. We provide several non-trivial steps toward establishing our main conjecture on the isomorphism between the Hilbert quotient of the affine space $\C^{2n}$ by the wreath product $\G ~ S_n$ and Hilbert schemes of points on the minimal resolution of a simple singularity $\C^2 /\G$. We discuss further various implications o…
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