The first sections contain a survey of the application of the Knuth-Robinson-Schensted corerspondence to the computation of Groebner bases of determinantal ideals. We also set up a conceptual framework for this application in terms of so-called "KRS invariants". Then we show that the initial ideal of a determinantal ideal "defined by shape" is given by its KRS image. We furthermore characterize those among these ideals that even have a Groebner basis of products of minors, and show that they can be characterized in terms of Greene's KRS invariants. Furthermore it is shown that for the ideal generated by all t-minors the formation of initial ideal and symbolic power commutes. The last section contains a discussion of potential KRS invariants related to so-called 1-cogenerated ideals.
We introduce the concept of s-Hankel hypermatrix, which generalizes both Hankel matrices and generic hypermatrices. We study two determinantal ideals associated to an s-Hankel hypermatrix: the ideal I<s,t> generated by certain 2 x 2 slice minors, and the ideal \tilde{I}<s,t> generated by certain 2 x 2 generalized minors. We describe the structure of these two ideals, with particular attention to the primary decomposition of I<s,t>, and provide the explicit list of minimal primes for large values of s. Finally we give some geometrical interpretations and generalise a theorem of Watanabe.
We investigate Rees algebras and special fiber rings obtained by blowing up specialized Ferrers ideals. This class of monomial ideals includes strongly stable monomial ideals generated in degree two and edge ideals of prominent classes of graphs. We identify the equations of these blow-up algebras. They generate determinantal ideals associated to subregions of a generic symmetric matrix, which may have holes. Exhibiting Gröbner bases for these ideals and using methods from Gorenstein liaison theory, we show that these determinantal rings are normal Cohen-Macaulay domains that are Koszul, that …
We study higher jumping numbers and generalized test ideals associated to determinantal ideals over a field of positive characteristic. We work in positive characteristic and give a complete characterization of both families for ideals generated by maximal minors; and make a conjecture for the general case. Although these invariants are understood asymptotically - as their positive characteristic grows to infinity they essentially coincide with their characteristic zero analogues - there are known examples where the behavior in positive characteristic differs significantly from that of charact…
We consider ideals generated by general sets of $m$-minors of an $m\times n$-matrix of indeterminates. The generators are identified with the facets of an $(m-1)$-dimensional pure simplicial complex. The ideal generated by the minors corresponding to the facets of such a complex is called a determinantal facet ideal. Given a pure simplicial complex $Δ$, we discuss the question when the generating minors of its determinantal facet ideal $J_Δ$ form a Gröbner basis and when $J_Δ$ is a prime ideal.
We show that the defining ideal of every monomial curve in the affine or projective three-dimensional space can be set-theoretically defined by three binomial equations, two of which set-theoretically define a determinantal ideal generated by the 2-minors of a $2\times 3$ matrix with monomial entries.
For any finite poset $P$ we have the poset of isotone maps $\text{Hom}(P,\mathbb{N})$, also called $P^{op}$-partitions. To any poset ideal ${\mathcal J}$ in $\text{Hom}(P,\mathbb{N})$, finite or infinite, we associate monomial ideals: the letterplace ideal $L({\mathcal J},P)$ and the Alexander dual co-letterplace ideal $L(P,{\mathcal J})$, and study them. We derive a class of monomial ideals in $k[x_p, p \in P]$ called $P$-stable. When $P$ is a chain we establish a duality on strongly stable ideals. We study the case when ${\mathcal J}$ is a principal poset ideal. When $P$ is a chain we constr…
Motivated by questions in algebra and combinatorics we study two ideals associated to a simple graph G: --> the Lovasz-Saks-Schrijver ideal defining the d-dimensional orthogonal representations of the graph complementary to G and --> the determinantal ideal of the (d+1)-minors of a generic symmetric with 0s in positions prescribed by the graph G. In characteristic 0 these two ideals turns out to be closely related and algebraic properties such as being radical, prime or a complete intersection transfer from the Lovasz-Saks-Schrijver ideal to the determinantal ideal. For Lovasz-Saks-Schrijver i…
Determinantal ideals of graphs generalize, among others, the spectrum and the Smith normal form (SNF) of integer matrices associated to graphs. In this work we investigate the relationship of the spectrum and the SNF with the determinantal ideals. We show that an eigenvalue divides the $k$-th invariant factor of its SNF if the eigenvalue belongs to a variety of the $k$-th univariate integer determinantal ideal of the matrix. This result has as a corollary a theorem of Rushanan. We also study graphs having the same determinantal ideals with at most one indeterminate; the socalled codeterminanta…
Herzog, Huneke, and Srinivasan have conjectured that for any homogeneous $k$-algebra, the multiplicity is bounded above by a function of the maximal degrees of the syzygies and below by a function of the minimal degrees of the syzygies. The goal of this paper is to establish the multiplicity conjecture of Herzog, Huneke, and Srinivasan about the multiplicity of graded Cohen-Macaulay algebras over a field $k$ for $k$-algebras $k[x_1, ..., x_n]/I$ being $I$ a determinantal ideal of arbitrary codimension.
In this paper, we use the tools of Gröbner bases and combinatorial secant varieties to study the determinantal ideals $I_t$ of the extended Hankel matrices. Denote by $c$-chain a sequence $a_1,\...,a_k$ with $a_i+c<a_{i+1}$ for all $i=1,\...,k-1$. Using the results of $c$-chain, we solve the membership problem for the symbolic powers $I_t^{(s)}$ and we compute the primary decomposition of the product $I_{t_1}\... I_{t_k}$ of the determinantal ideals. Passing through the initial ideals and algebras we prove that the product $I_{t_1}\... I_{t_k}$ has a linear resolution and the multi-homogeneous…
A sparse generic matrix is a matrix whose entries are distinct variables and zeros. Such matrices were studied by Giusti and Merle who computed some invariants of their ideals of maximal minors. In this paper we extend these results by computing a minimal free resolution for all such sparse determinantal ideals. We do so by introducing a technique for pruning minimal free resolutions when a subset of the variables is set to zero. Our technique correctly computes a minimal free resolution in two cases of interest: resolutions of monomial ideals, and ideals resolved by the Eagon-Northcott Comple…
We study determinantal Cremona maps, i.e. birational maps whose base ideal is the maximal minors ideal of a given matrix $Φ$, via the resolution of the polynomials systems defined by $Φ$. Using convex geometry, this approach leads in particular to describe the projective degrees of some almost linear determinantal maps.
Let $R=k[x_1, ..., x_n]$ be a polynomial ring and let $I\subset R$ be a graded ideal. In \cite{R}, Römer asked whether under the Cohen-Macaulay assumption the $i$-th Betti number $β_{i}(R/I)$ can be bounded above by a function of the maximal shifts in the minimal graded free $R$-resolution of $R/I$ as well as bounded below by a function of the minimal shifts. The goal of this paper is to establish such bounds for graded Cohen-Macaulay algebras $k[x_1, ..., x_n]/I$ when $I$ is a standard determinantal ideal of arbitrary codimension. We also discuss other examples as well as when these bounds ar…
The $F$-pure threshold is a numerical invariant of prime characteristic singularities, that constitutes an analogue of the log canonical thresholds in characteristic zero. We compute the $F$-pure thresholds of determinantal ideals, i.e., of ideals generated by the minors of a generic matrix.
We study initial algebras of determinantal rings, defined by minors of generic matrices, with respect to their classical generic point. This approach leads to very short proofs for the structural properties of determinantal rings. Moreover, it allows us to classify their Cohen-Macaulay and Ulrich ideals.
We show that a determinantal ideal generated by $t$-minors does not contain any nonzero polynomials with $t!/2$ or fewer terms. Geometrically this means that any nonzero polynomial vanishing on all matrices of rank at most $t-1$ has more than $t!/2$ terms.
If $I$ is a perfect ideal in a local Cohen-Macaulay ring, the generators of ideals linked to $I$ are well understood. However, the generators of the residual intersections of $I$ have only been computed in a few special cases. In this paper, we show that the $n$-residual intersections of determinantal ideals of generic $2\times n$ matrices are sums of links.
We give an introduction to the theory of determinantal ideals and rings, their Groebner bases, initial ideals and algebras, respectively. The approach is based on the straightening law and the Knuth-Robinson-Schensted correspondence. The article contains a section treating the basic results about the passage to initial ideals and algebras.
We call an ideal in a polynomial ring robust if it can be minimally generated by a universal Gröbner basis. In this paper we show that robust toric ideals generated by quadrics are essentially determinantal. We then discuss two possible generalizations to higher degree, providing a tight classification for determinantal ideals, and a counterexample to a natural extension for Lawrence ideals. We close with a discussion of robustness of higher Betti numbers.
In this paper we study primality and primary decomposition of certain ideals which are generated by homogeneous degree $2$ polynomials and occur naturally from determinantal conditions. Normality is derived from these results.
Schemes defined by residual intersections have been extensively studied in the case when they are Cohen-Macaulay, but this is a very restrictive condition. In this paper we make the first study of a class of natural examples far from satisfying this condition, the rank 1 loci of generic $2\times n$ matrices. Here we compute their depths and many other properties. These computations require a number of novel tools.
Motivated by a work of Knutson, in a recent paper Conca and Varbaro have defined a new class of ideals, namely "Knutson ideals", starting from a polynomial $f$ with squarefree leading term. We will show that the main properties that this class has in polynomial rings over fields of characteristic $p$ are preserved when one introduces the definition of Knutson ideal also in polynomial rings over fields of characteristic zero. Then we will show that determinantal ideals of Hankel matrices are Knutson ideals for a suitable choice of the polynomial $f$.
Let $X$ be an $(m\times n)$-matrix of indeterminates, and let $J$ be the ideal generated by a set $\mathcal{S}$ of maximal minors of $X$. We construct the linear strand of the resolution of $J$. This linear strand is determined by the clique complex of the $m$-clutter corresponding to the set $\mathcal{S}$. As a consequence one obtains explicit formulas for the graded Betti numbers $β_{i,i+m}(J)$ for all $i\geq 0$. We also determine all sets $\mathcal{S}$ for which $J$ has a linear resolution.
We consider determinantal ideals, where the generating minors are encoded in a hypergraph. We study when the generating minors form a Gröbner basis. In this case, the ideal is radical, and we can describe algebraic and numerical invariants of these ideals in terms of combinatorial data of their hypergraphs, such as the clique decomposition. In particular, we can construct a minimal free resolution as a tensor product of the minimal free resolution of their cliques. For several classes of hypergraphs we find a combinatorial description of the minimal primes in terms of a prime splitting. That i…
Let $X$ be a matrix with entries in a polynomial ring over an algebraically closed field $K$. We prove that, if the entries of $X$ outside some $(t \times t)$-submatrix are algebraically dependent over $K$, the arithmetical rank of the ideal $I_t(X)$ of $t$-minors of $X$ drops at least by one with respect to the generic case; under suitable assumptions, it drops at least by $k$ if $X$ has $k$ zero entries. This upper bound turns out to be sharp if $\mathrm{char}\, K=0$, since it then coincides with the lower bound provided by the local cohomological dimension.
We provide new results on the vanishing of local cohomology modules supported at ideals of minors of matrices over arbitrary commutative Noetherian rings. In the process, we compute the local cohomology of rings of polynomials with integer coefficients---supported at generic determinantal ideals---and also obtain results on F-modules and D-modules that are likely to be of independent interest.
Given any equigenerated monomial ideal $I$ with the property that the defining ideal $J$ of the fiber cone $ F(I)$ of $I$ is generated by quadratic binomials, we introduce a matrix such that the set of its binomial $2$-minors is a generating set of $J$. In this way, we characterize the fiber cone of sortable and Freiman ideals.
We show that the ideal generated by maximal minors (i.e., $(k+1)$-minors) of a $(k+1) \times n$ Vandermonde matrix is radical and Cohen-Macaulay. Note that this ideal is generated by all Specht polynomials with shape $(n-k,1,...,1)$.
We study d-dimensional generalizations of three mutually related topics in graph theory: Hamiltonian paths, (unit) interval graphs, and binomial edge ideals. We provide partial high-dimensional generalizations of Ore and Posa's sufficient conditions for a graph to be Hamiltonian. We introduce a hierarchy of combinatorial properties for simplicial complexes that generalize unit-interval, interval, and co-comparability graphs. We connect these properties to the already existing notions of determinantal facet ideals and Hamiltonian paths in simplicial complexes. Some important consequences of our…
For positive integers m >= n >= p, we compute the GL_m x GL_n-equivariant description of the local cohomology modules of the polynomial ring S of functions on the space of m x n matrices, with support in the ideal of p x p minors. Our techniques allow us to explicitly compute all the modules Ext_S(S/I_x,S), for x a partition and I_x the ideal generated by the irreducible sub-representation of S indexed by x. In particular we determine the regularity of the ideals I_x, and we deduce that the only ones admitting a linear free resolution are the powers of the ideal of maximal minors of the generi…
We study the family of ideals defined by mixed size minors of two-sided ladders of indeterminates. We compute their Groebner bases with respect to a skew-diagonal monomial order, then we use them to compute the height of the ideals. We show that these ideals correspond to a family of irreducible projective varieties, that we call mixed ladder determinantal varieties. We show that these varieties are arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay. We characterize the arithmetically Gorenstein ones, among those that satisfy a technical condition. Our main result consists in proving that mixed ladder determinanta…
In this paper, we study the family of determinantal ideals of "close" cuts of Hankel matrices, say $ \mathcal{f} $. We show that the multi-Rees algebra of ideals in $ \mathcal{f} $ is defined by a quadratic Gröbner basis, it is Koszul, normal Cohen-Macaulay domain and it has a nice Sagbi basis. As a consequence of Koszulness, we prove that every product $ I_1\ldots I_l $ of ideals of $ \mathcal{f} $ has linear resolution. Moreover, we show that natural generators of every product $ I_1\ldots I_l $ form a Gröbner basis.
We determine the defining equations of the Rees algebra and of the special fiber ring of the ideal of maximal minors of a $2\times n$ sparse matrix. We prove that their initial algebras are ladder determinantal rings. This allows us to show that the Rees algebra and the special fiber ring are Cohen-Macaulay domains, they are Koszul, they have rational singularities in characteristic zero and are F-rational in positive characteristic.
We produce a family of complexes called trimming complexes and explore applications. We study how trimming complexes can be used to deduce the Betti table for the minimal free resolution of the ideal generated by subsets of a generating set for an arbitrary ideal $I$. In particular, we compute the Betti table for removing an arbitrary generator from the ideal of submaximal pfaffians of a generic skew symmetric matrix $M$. We also explicitly compute the Betti table for the ideal generated by certain subsets of the generating set of the ideal of maximal minors of a generic $n \times m$ matrix. S…
We give degree formulas for Grothendieck polynomials indexed by vexillary permutations and $1432$-avoiding permutations via tableau combinatorics. These formulas generalize a formula for degrees of symmetric Grothendieck polynomials which appeared in previous joint work of the authors with Y. Ren and A. St. Dizier. We apply our formulas to compute Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of classes of generalized determinantal ideals. In particular, we give combinatorial formulas for the regularities of all one-sided mixed ladder determinantal ideals. We also derive formulas for the regularities of cert…
In this paper we describe the method which we applied to successfully compute the primary decomposition of a certain ideal coming from applications in combinatorial algebra and algebraic statistics regarding conditional independence statements with hidden variables. While our method is based on the algorithm for primary decomposition by Gianni, Trager and Zacharias, we were not able to decompose the ideal using the standard form of that algorithm, nor by any other method known to us.
Let $M$ be a $(2 \times n)$ non-generic matrix of linear forms in a polynomial ring. For large classes of such matrices, we compute the cohomological dimension (cd) and the arithmetical rank (ara) of the ideal $I_2(M)$ generated by the $2$-minors of $M$. Over an algebraically closed field, any $(2 \times n)$-matrix of linear forms can be written in the Kronecker-Weierstrass normal form, as a concatenation of scroll, Jordan and nilpotent blocks. Bădescu and Valla computed $\mathrm{ara}(I_2(M))$ when $M$ is a concatenation of scroll blocks. In this case we compute $\mathrm{cd}(I_2(M))$ and exten…
Let I be either the ideal of maximal minors or the ideal of 2-minors of a row graded or column graded matrix of linear forms L. In two previous papers we showed that I is a Cartwright-Sturmfels ideal, that is, the multigraded generic initial ideal gin(I) of I is radical (and essentially independent of the term order chosen). In this paper we describe generators and prime decomposition of gin(I) in terms of data related to the linear dependences among the row or columns of the submatrices of L. In the case of 2-minors we also give a closed formula for its multigraded Hilbert series.
For $n\geq 3$, let $Ω_n$ be the set of line segments between the vertices of a convex $n$-gon. For $j\geq 2$, a $j$-crossing is a set of $j$ line segments pairwise intersecting in the relative interior of the $n$-gon. We identify line-segments in $Ω_{2n}$ which can be transformed into each other by a $180^\circ$-rotation of the $2n$-gon. Let $\F_n$ be the set $Ω_{2n}$ after identification, then the complex $\D_{n,k}$ of type-B generalized triangulations is the simplicial complex of subsets of $\F_n$ not containing any $(k+1)$-crossing in the above sense. We demonstrate that $\D_{n,k}$ is a pur…
A determinantal facet ideal (DFI) is an ideal $J_Δ$ generated by maximal minors of a generic matrix parametrized by an associated simplicial complex $Δ$. In this paper, we construct an explicit linear strand for the initial ideal with respect to any diagonal term order $<$ of an arbitrary DFI. In particular, we show that if $Δ$ has no \emph{1-nonfaces}, then the Betti numbers of the linear strand of $J_Δ$ and its initial ideal coincide. We apply this result to prove a conjecture of Ene, Herzog, and Hibi on Betti numbers of closed binomial edge ideals in the case that the associated graph has a…
The vector space of m x n complex matrices (m >= n) admits a natural action of the group GL = GL_m x GL_n via row and column operations. For positive integers a,b, we consider the ideal I_{a x b} defined as the smallest GL-equivariant ideal containing the b-th powers of the a x a minors of the generic m x n matrix. We compute the syzygies of the ideals I_{a x b} for all a,b, together with their GL-equivariant structure, generalizing earlier results of Lascoux for the ideals of minors (b=1), and of Akin-Buchsbaum-Weyman for the powers of the ideals of maximal minors (a=n). Our methods rely on a…
We consider ideals of minors of a matrix, ideals of minors of a symmetric matrix, and ideals of Pfaffians of an alternating matrix. Assuming these ideals are of generic height, we characterize the condition $G_{s}$ for these ideals in terms of the heights of other ideals of minors or Pfaffians of the same matrix. We additionally obtain bounds on the generation and concentration degrees of the Rees rings of a subclass of such ideals via specialization of the Rees rings in the generic case. We do this by proving, given sufficient height conditions on ideals of minors or Pfaffians of the matrix, …
This is a survey article on Gorenstein initial complexes of extensively studied ideals in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry. These include defining ideals of Segre and Veronese varieties, toric deformations of flag varieties known as Hibi ideals, determinantal ideals of generic matrices of indeterminates, and ideals generated by Pfaffians of generic skew symmetric matrices. We give a summary of recent work on the construction of squarefree Gorenstein initial ideals of these ideals when the ideals are themselves Gorenstein. We also present our own independent results for the Segre, Ver…
