We study the following question: fix a sufficient general curve D of degree d in P^2, what is the least number of intersections between D and an irreducible curve of degree m? G. Xu proved this number i(d, m) is at least d - 2 for all m. This problem can be regarded as the algebraic part of Kobayashi conjecture on the hyperbolicity of P^2 D. We first improved Xu's bound with m fixed and then generalized his result to rational ruled surfaces.
Given a tropical divisor $D$ in the intersection of two tropical plane curves, we study when it can be realized as the tropicalization of the intersection of two algebraic curves, and give a sufficient condition. We show that under a certain condition involving a graph determined by these tropical curves, we can algorithmically find algebraic curves such that the tropicalization of their intersection is $D$.
In this paper we study degree three curves in $C^{(2)}$ with positive self-intersection defined by the action of a spherical triangular group in an auxiliary curve.
We establish the Airy curve case of a conjecture of Gukov and Sułkowski by reducing to Dijkgraaf-Verlinde-Verlinde Virasoro constraints satisfied by the intersection numbers on moduli spaces of algebraic curves.
This is a note on calculating intersection numbers on moduli spaces of curves. A codimension 3 relation among tautological classes on the moduli space of genus 4 curves is given.
We generalize the results of Clemens, Ein, and Voisin regarding rational curves and zero cycles on generic projective complete intersections to the logarithmic setup.
We deform monomial space curves in order to construct examples of set-theoretical complete intersection space curve singularities. As a by-product we describe an inverse to Herzog's construction of minimal generators of non-complete intersection numerical semigroups with three generators.
In this paper, we consider rational cuspidal plane curves having at least three cusps. We give an upper bound of the self-intersection number of the proper transforms of such curves via the minimal embedded resolution of the cusps. For a curve having exactly three cusps, we show that the self-intersection number is equal to the bound if and only if the curve coincides with the quartic curve having three cusps.
Bezout's theorem gives us the degree of intersection of two properly intersecting projective varieties. As two curves in P^3 never intersect properly, Bezout's theorem cannot be directly used to bound the number of intersection points of such curves. In this work, we bound the maximum number of intersection points of two integral ACM curves in P^3. The bound that we give is in many cases optimal as a function of only the degrees and the initial degrees of the curves.
We bound the genus of a projective curve lying on a complete intersection surface in terms of its degree and the degrees of the defining equations of the surface on which it lies.
In this paper, we show that general Fano complete intersections over an algebraically closed field of arbitrary characteristics are separably rationally connected. Our proof also implies that general log Fano complete intersections with smooth tame boundary divisors admit very free $A^1$-curves.
A multiple (loc. Cohen Macaulay) structure, X, on a space curve C in P3 is said to be primitive if X is locally contained in a smooth surface. We give numerical conditions for C to be a "primitive" set theoretic complete intersection (i.e. to have a primitive multiple structure which is a complete intersection).
We explain how to compute top-dimensional intersections of psi-classes on moduli spaces of m-stable curves. On the moduli spaces of Deligne-Mumford stable pointed curves of genus one, these intersection numbers are determined by two recursions, namely the string equation and the dilaton equation. We establish, for each integer m>0, an analogous pair of recursions which determine these intersection numbers on the moduli spaces of m-stable pointed curves of genus one.
We develop a method for describing the tropical complete intersection of a tropical hypersurface and a tropical plane in $\mathbb{R}^3$. This involves a method for determining the topological type of the intersection of a tropical plane curve and $\mathbb{R}_{\leq 0}^2$ by using a polyhedral complex. As an application, we study smooth tropical complete intersection curves of genus $3$ in $\mathbb{R}^3$. In particular, we show that there are no smooth tropical complete intersection curves in $\mathbb{R}^3$ whose skeletons are the lollipop graph of genus $3$. This gives a partial answer to a pro…
We study properties of rational curves on complete intersections in positive characteristic. It has long been known that in characteristic 0, smooth Calabi-Yau and general type varieties are not uniruled. In positive characteristic, however, there are well-known counterexamples to this statement. We will show that nevertheless, a \emph{general} Calabi-Yau or general type complete intersection in projective space is not uniruled. We will also show that the space of complete intersections of degree $(d_1, \cdots, d_k)$ containing a rational curve has codimension at least $\sum_{i=1}^k d_i - 2n +…
For a smooth projective curve, the cycles of subordinate or, more generally, secant divisors to a given linear series are among some of the most studied objects in classical enumerative geometry. We consider the intersection of two such cycles corresponding to secant divisors of two different linear series on the same curve and investigate the validity of the enumerative formulas counting the number of divisors in the intersection. We study some interesting cases, with unexpected transversality properties, and establish a general method to verify when this intersection is empty.
Differently from the Milnor number, no formula relating the Tjurina number of a reducible algebroid curve to invariants of its branches was known. The aim of this work is to provide such a formula for a complete intersection algebroid curve with several branches in terms of invariants of its branches and the maximal points of the set of values of Kähler differentials on components of the curve.
Building on results of Clemens and Kley, we find criteria for a continuous family of curves in a nodal $K$-trivial threefold $Y_0$ to deform to a scheme of finitely many smooth isolated curves in a general deformation $Y_t$ of $Y_0$. As an application, we show the existence of smooth isolated curves of bounded genera and unbounded degrees in Calabi-Yau complete intersections threefolds.
The purpose of this paper is to show that for a complete intersection curve $C$ in projective space (other than a few stated exceptions), any morphism $f: C \to \mathbb{P}^r$ satisfying $\text{deg}\, f^*\mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{P}^r}(1) <\text{deg}\, C$ is obtained by projection from a linear space. In particular, we obtain bounds on the gonality of such curves and compute the gonality of general complete intersection curves. We also prove a special case of one of the well-known Cayley-Bacharach conjectures posed by Eisenbud, Green, and Harris.
A curve on a projective variety is called movable if it belongs to an algebraic family of curves covering the variety. We consider when the cone of movable curves can be characterized without existence statements of covering families by studying the complete intersection cone on a family of blow-ups of complex projective space, including the moduli space of stable six-pointed rational curves, $\bar{M}_{0,6}$, and the permutohedral or Losev-Manin moduli space of four-pointed rational curves. Our main result is that the movable and complete intersection cones coincide for the toric members of th…
Recently Knutsen found criteria for the curves in a complete linear system $|\mathcal{L}|$ on a smooth surface $X$ in a nodal K-trivial threefold $Y_0$ to deform to a scheme of finitely many smooth isolated curves in a general deformation $Y_t$ of $Y_0$. In this article we develop new methods to check whether the set of nodes of $Y_0$ imposes independent conditions on $|\mathcal{L}|$. As an application, we find new smooth isolated curves in complete intersection Calabi-Yau threefolds.
From a block-diagonal $(n+1) \times (m+1) \times (m+1)$ tensor symmetric in the last two entries one obtains two varieties: an intersection of symmetric determinantal hypersurfaces $X$ in $n$-dimensional projective space, and an intersection of quadrics $\mathfrak{C}$ in $m$-dimensional projective space. Under mild technical assumptions, we characterize the accidental singularities of $X$ in terms of $\mathfrak{C}$. We apply our methods to algebraic curves and show how to construct theta characteristics of certain canonical curves of genera 3, 4, and 5, generalizing a classical construction of…
We consider two mixed curve $C,C'\subset {\Bbb C}^2$ which are defined by mixed functions of two variables $\bf z=(z_1,z_2)$. We have shown in \cite{MC}, that they have canonical orientations. If $C$ and $C'$ are smooth and intersect transversely at $P$, the intersection number $I_{top}(C,C';P)$ is topologically defined. We will generalize this definition to the case when the intersection is not necessarily transversal or either $C$ or $C'$ may be singular at $P$ using the defining mixed polynomials.
Let $S$ be an irreducible smooth projective surface and $\mathcal{F}$ a collection of curves with negative self-intersection on $S$ such that no positive combination $aC_1 + bC_2$ is connected nef. In this paper, we provide an alternate proof that $\mathcal{F}$ is bounded by an exponential function of the Picard number $ρ(S)$ of $S$ using an extended version of the Klein disc model for hyperbolic space.
Using the celebrated Witten-Kontsevich theorem, we prove a recursive formula of the $n$-point functions for intersection numbers on moduli spaces of curves. It has been used to prove the Faber intersection number conjecture and motivated us to find some conjectural vanishing identities for Gromov-Witten invariants. The latter has been proved recently by X. Liu and R. Pandharipande. We also give a combinatorial interpretation of $n$-point functions in terms of summation over binary trees.
We prove the Integral Hodge Conjecture for curve classes on smooth varieties of dimension at least three with nef anticanonical divisor constructed as a complete intersection of ample hypersurfaces in a smooth toric variety. In particular, this includes the case of smooth anticanonical hypersurfaces in toric Fano varieties. In fact, using results of Casagrande and the toric MMP, we prove that in each case, $H_2(X,\mathbb{Z})$ is generated by classes of rational curves.
We study the intersection of two particular Fermat hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{P}^3$ over a finite field. Using the Kani-Rosen decomposition we study arithmetic properties of this curve in terms of its quotients. Explicit computation of the quotients is done using a Gröbner basis algorithm. We also study the $p$-rank, zeta function, and number of rational points, of the modulo $p$ reduction of the curve. We show that the Jacobian of the genus 2 quotient is $(4,4)$-split.
We prove that the number of real intersection points of a real line with a real plane curve defined by a polynomial with at most t monomials is either infinite or does not exceed 6t -7. This improves a result by M. Avendano. Furthermore, we prove that this bound is sharp for t = 3 with the help of Grothendieck's dessins d'enfant.
We prove that the space of smooth rational curves of degree $e$ in a general complete intersection of multidegree $(d_1, ..., d_m)$ in $\PP^n$ is irreducible of the expected dimension if $\sum_{i=1}^m d_i <\frac{2n}{3}$ and $n$ is large enough. This generalizes the results of Harris, Roth and Starr \cite{hrs}, and is achieved by proving that the space of conics passing through any point of a general complete intersection has constant dimension if $\sum_{i=1}^m d_i$ is small compared to $n$.
Shimura curves on Shimura surfaces have been a candidate for counterexamples to the bounded negativity conjecture. We prove that they do not serve this purpose: there are only finitely many whose self-intersection number lies below a given bound. Previously, this result has been shown in [BHK+13] for compact Hilbert modular surfaces using the Bogomolov-Miyaoka-Yau inequality. Our approach uses equidistribution and works uniformly for all Shimura surfaces.
We prove that a set $\mathcal X\subset \mathbb{C}^2,\ \#{\mathcal X}=mn,\ m\le n, $ is the set of intersection points of some two plane algebraic curves of degrees $m$ and $n,$ respectively, if and only if the following conditions are satisfied: a) Any curve of degree $m+n-3$ containing all but one point of $\mathcal X$, contains all of $\mathcal X,$ b) No curve of degree less than $m$ contains all of $\mathcal X.$ Let us mention that the conditions a) and b) in the "only if" direction of this result follow from the Ceyley-Bacharach and Noether theorems, respectively.
We prove an intersection formula for two plane branches in terms of their semigroups and key polynomials. Then we provide a strong version of Bayer's theorem on the set of intersection numbers of two branches and apply it to the logarithmic distance in the space of branches.
The Complete Intersection Discrepancy of a Curve I: Numerical Invariants
Institute of Mathematics and Informatics Bulgarian Academy of Sciences（保加利亚科学院数学与情报学研究所）；Institut de Mathématiques de Jussieu-Paris Rive Gauche Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)（巴黎左岸朱西厄数学研究所 法国国家科学研究中心）
We explicitly compute the diverging factor in the large genus asymptotics of the Weil-Petersson volumes of the moduli spaces of $n$-pointed complex algebraic curves. Modulo a universal multiplicative constant we prove the existence of a complete asymptotic expansion of the Weil-Petersson volumes in the inverse powers of the genus with coefficients that are polynomials in $n$. This is done by analyzing various recursions for the more general intersection numbers of tautological classes, whose large genus asymptotic behavior is also extensively studied.
Let $X \subset \mathbb{P}^n$ be a general Fano complete intersection of type $(d_1,\dots, d_k)$. If at least one $d_i$ is greater than $2$, we show that $X$ contains rational curves of degree $e \leq n$ with balanced normal bundle. If all $d_i$ are $2$ and $n\geq 2k+1$, we show that $X$ contains rational curves of degree $e \leq n-1$ with balanced normal bundle. As an application, we prove a stronger version of the theorem of Z. Tian \cite{Tian}, Q. Chen and Y. Zhu \cite{ChenZhu} that $X$ is separably rationally connected by exhibiting very free rational curves in $X$ of optimal degrees.
We study intersection theory on the relative Hilbert scheme of a family of nodal-or-smooth curves, over a base of arbitrary dimension. We introduce an additive group called 'discriminant module', generated by diagonal loci, node scrolls, and twists thereof, and determine the action of the discriminant or big diagonal divisor on this group by intersection. We show that this suffices to determine arbitrary polynomials in Chern classes, in particular Chern numbers, for the tautological vector bundles on the Hilbert schemes, which are closely related to enumerative geometry. The latest version inc…
This paper is to give some concrete examples of the general fibers of the evaluation map of some Kontsevich mapping spaces parametrize low degree rational curves on low degree complete intersection varieties. We prove these examples are Fano or Calabi-Yau vareities of low dimension, e.g, surface and threefold. In usual, the "moduli" fibers are constructed in an abstract way, but here we give a down-to-earth interpretation to some of these fibers from the perspective of projective geometry.
For a smooth complete intersection X, we consider a general fiber \mathbb{F} of the evaluation map ev of Kontsevich moduli space \bar{M}_{0,m}(X,m)\rightarrow X^m and the forgetful functor F : \mathbb{F} \rightarrow \bar{M}_{0,m}. We prove that a general fiber of the map $F$ is a smooth complete intersection if $X$ is of low degree. The result sheds some light on the arithmetic and geometry of Fano complete intersections.
We address the problem of bounding from below the self-intersection of integral curves on the projective plane blown-up at general points. In particular, by applying classical deformation theory we obtain the expected bound in the case of either high ramification or low multiplicity.
We prove the following results. If $X_3$ is a generic complete intersection Calabi-Yau 3-fold, (1) then for each natural number $d$ there exists a rational map \par\hspace{1 cc} $c\in Hom_{bir}(\mathbf P^1, X_3)$ of $deg(c(\mathbf P^1))=d$, (2) further more all such $c$ are immersions satisfying \begin{equation} N_{c(\mathbf P^1)/ X_3}\simeq \mathcal O_{\mathbf P^1}(-1)\oplus \mathcal O_{\mathbf P^1}(-1).
A closed subscheme of codimension two $T \subset P^2$ is a quasi complete intersection (q.c.i.) of type $(a,b,c)$ if there exists a surjective morphism $\mathcal{O} (-a) \oplus \mathcal{O} (-b) \oplus \mathcal{O} (-c) \to \mathcal{I} _T$. We give bounds on deg$(T)$ in function of $a,b,c$ and $r$, the least degree of a syzygy between the three polynomials defining the q.c.i. As a by-product we recover a theorem of du Plessis-Wall on the global Tjurina number of plane curves and some other related results.
We generalise a formula of Shou-Wu Zhang, which describes local arithmetic intersection numbers of three Cartier divisors with support in the special fibre on a a self-product of a semi-stable arithmetic surface using elementary analysis. By an approximation argument, Zhang extends his formula to a formula for local arithmetic intersection numbers of three adelic metrized line bundles on the self-product of a curve with trivial underlying line bundle. Using the results on intersection theory from arXiv:1404.1623 [math.AG] we generalize these results to d-fold self-products for arbitrary d. For…
