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arXiv math-ph/0702045math-phhep-thmath.MP
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代数曲线的不变量与拓扑展开

Invariants of algebraic curves and topological expansion

Bertrand Eynard, Nicolas Orantin

摘要:

对于任意的代数曲线,我们定义了一个无穷序列的不变量。我们研究他们的属性,特别是他们的变化下的曲线的变化,和他们的模块化的属性。我们还研究了当曲线变得奇异时它们的极限。此外,我们还发现它们可以用来定义一个形式级数,该级数形式上满足Hirota方程,从而得到了一种构造代数曲线上的tau函数的新方法.当选取代数曲线作为矩阵模型谱曲线的大N极限时,构造这些不变量以与矩阵形式积分的拓扑展开相一致.令人惊讶的是,我们发现,相同的不变量也给出了其他模型的拓扑扩展,特别是具有外场的矩阵模型,和所谓的双标度极限的矩阵模型,即(p,q)极小模型的共形场论。作为一个例子来说明我们的方法的效率,我们将其应用到Kontsevitch积分,我们给出了一个新的和非常容易的证明,Kontsevitch积分只依赖于奇数次,它是一个KdV τ-函数。

英文摘要:

For any arbitrary algebraic curve, we define an infinite sequence of invariants. We study their properties, in particular their variation under a variation of the curve, and their modular properties. We also study their limits when the curve becomes singular. In addition we find that they can be used to define a formal series, which satisfies formally an Hirota equation, and we thus obtain a new way of constructing a tau function attached to an algebraic curve. These invariants are constructed in order to coincide with the topological expansion of a matrix formal integral, when the algebraic curve is chosen as the large N limit of the matrix model's spectral curve. Surprisingly, we find that the same invariants also give the topological expansion of other models, in particular the matrix model with an external field, and the so-called double scaling limit of matrix models, i.e. the (p,q) minimal models of conformal field theory. As an example to illustrate the efficiency of our method, we apply it to the Kontsevitch integral, and we give a new and extremely easy proof that Kontsevitch integral depends only on odd times, and that it is a KdV tau-function.

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