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arXiv math-ph/0105027math-phgr-qchep-thmath.MP
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弯曲时空中Dirac场的一个量子弱能量不等式

A Quantum Weak Energy Inequality for Dirac fields in curved spacetime

Christopher J Fewster, Rainer Verch

摘要:

众所周知,量子场违反了广义相对论的弱能量条件:在任何给定点处的重整化能量密度作为量子态的函数从下到上都是无界的。与此相反,对于标量场和电磁场,已经表明,沿类时曲线的能量密度的加权平均值满足“量子弱能量不等式",它构成了这些量的下限。以前,狄拉克QWEI只在二维时空中的无质量场中得到。在本文中,我们建立了一般四维整体双曲时空上的Dirac和Majorana质量场$m\ge 0$的QWEI,平均沿着任意光滑类时曲线关于任何一个大类光滑紧支撑的正权重。我们的证明利用了Hadamard态类的微局域特征,其能量密度可以用点分裂来定义。

英文摘要:

Quantum fields are well known to violate the weak energy condition of general relativity: the renormalised energy density at any given point is unbounded from below as a function of the quantum state. By contrast, for the scalar and electromagnetic fields it has been shown that weighted averages of the energy density along timelike curves satisfy `quantum weak energy inequalities' (QWEIs) which constitute lower bounds on these quantities. Previously, Dirac QWEIs have been obtained only for massless fields in two-dimensional spacetimes. In this paper we establish QWEIs for the Dirac and Majorana fields of mass $m\ge 0$ on general four-dimensional globally hyperbolic spacetimes, averaging along arbitrary smooth timelike curves with respect to any of a large class of smooth compactly supported positive weights. Our proof makes essential use of the microlocal characterisation of the class of Hadamard states, for which the energy density may be defined by point-splitting.

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