Pre-print repositories have seen a significant increase in use over the past fifteen years across multiple research domains. Researchers are beginning to develop applications capable of using these repositories to assist the scientific community above and beyond the pure dissemination of information. The contribution set forth by this paper emphasizes a deconstructed publication model in which the peer-review process is mediated by an OAI-PMH peer-review service. This peer-review service uses a social-network algorithm to determine potential reviewers for a submitted manuscript and for weighting the relative influence of each participating reviewer's evaluations. This paper also suggests a set of peer-review specific metadata tags that can accompany a pre-print's existing metadata record. The combinations of these contributions provide a unique repository-centric peer-review model that fits within the widely deployed OAI-PMH framework.
Purpose: We seek to explore the realm of literature about digital libraries. We specifically seek to ascertain how interest in this subject has evolved, its impact, the most productive journals and countries, the number of occurrences of digital libraries, the relationships and dynamics of the main concepts mentioned, and the dynamics of metadata formats.Methods: We extracted corpora from the Google Scholar and Microsoft Academic Search bibliographic databases. We analyzed the named entities and concepts contained within these corpora with the help of text mining technologies, CorTexT in parti…
Science depends on a communication system, and today that is largely provided by digital technologies such as the internet and web. Despite that digital technologies provide the infrastructure for that communication system, peer-reviewed journals continue to mimic workflows and processes from the print era. This paper focuses on one artifact from the print era, the journal issue, and describes how this artifact has been detrimental to the communication of science and therefore to science itself. To replace the journal issue, this paper argues that scholarly publishing and journals could more f…
Diversity indices have been traditionally used to capture the biodiversity of ecosystems by measuring the effective number of species or groups of species. In contrast to abundance, which is correlated with the amount of data available, diversity indices provide a more robust indicator on the variability of individuals. These types of indices can be employed in the context of digital libraries to identify trends in the distribution of topics, compare the lexica employed by different authors or analyze the coverage of semantic metadata
This study is a survey of digital library initiatives in India collecting secondary information from about fifty digital libraries from their respective websites. The findings show that in most cases the actual conception of the digital library is still in a nascent stage. Online subscriptions and links to third-party websites are also considered digital libraries. However, many digital libraries do have not any proper search interface on their respective website due to improper arrangement of metadata. In some cases, they do not have their own digitized collection and provided other collectio…
Knowledge graphs represent concepts (e.g., people, places, events) and their semantic relationships. As a data structure, they underpin a digital information system, support users in resource discovery and retrieval, and are useful for navigation and visualization purposes. Within the libaries and humanities domain, knowledge graphs are typically rooted in knowledge organization systems, which have a century-old tradition and have undergone their digital transformation with the advent of the Web and Linked Data. Being exposed to the Web, metadata and concept definitions are now forming an inte…
Information extraction can support novel and effective access paths for digital libraries. Nevertheless, designing reliable extraction workflows can be cost-intensive in practice. On the one hand, suitable extraction methods rely on domain-specific training data. On the other hand, unsupervised and open extraction methods usually produce not-canonicalized extraction results. This paper tackles the question how digital libraries can handle such extractions and if their quality is sufficient in practice. We focus on unsupervised extraction workflows by analyzing them in case studies in the domai…
Scientists always look for the most accurate and relevant answers to their queries in the literature. Traditional scholarly digital libraries list documents in search results, and therefore are unable to provide precise answers to search queries. In other words, search in digital libraries is metadata search and, if available, full-text search. We present a methodology for improving a faceted search system on structured content by leveraging a federation of scholarly knowledge graphs. We implemented the methodology on top of a scholarly knowledge graph. This search system can leverage content …
Digital Mathematics Libraries: The Good, the Bad, the Ugly
世界数字数学图书馆（World Digital Mathematics Library，DML）的概念在21世纪初就已经提出。我们认为，现在是实现这一目标的时候了，从已经建成的成功的砖块开始，但要有一个雄心勃勃的目标。经过一个简短的历史概述出版数学，估计的大小和大量的文件的特性，包括在DML，我们转向提出一个模型的参考数字数学图书馆-一个网络的机构，数字文件将被物理存档。这种基于自底向上策略的模式似乎更实用，并且与DML的数字本质相一致。在描述了模型之后，我们总结了为了实现愿景可以和应该做些什么。更详细地描述了一些可以为全局视图做出贡献的本地库的当前状态。
Knowledge bases allow effective access paths in digital libraries. Here users can specify their information need as graph patterns for precise searches and structured overviews (by allowing variables in queries). But especially when considering textual sources that contain narrative information, i.e., short stories of interest, harvesting statements from them to construct knowledge bases may be a serious threat to the statements' validity. A piece of information, originally stated in a coherent line of arguments, could be used in a knowledge base query processing without considering its vital …
We report on an exploratory analysis of the forms of plagiarism observable in mathematical publications, which we identified by investigating editorial notes from zbMATH. While most cases we encountered were simple copies of earlier work, we also identified several forms of disguised plagiarism. We investigated 11 cases in detail and evaluate how current plagiarism detection systems perform in identifying these cases. Moreover, we describe the steps required to discover these and potentially undiscovered cases in the future.
Rozwój bibliotek cyfrowych i repozytoriów elektronicznych na Dolnym Slasku w latach 2004-2008 / Development of Digital Libraries and Electronic Repositories in Lower Silesia in Years 2004-2008
以下阐述介绍了2004-2008年在波兰下锡尔沃地区运行的数字图书馆和电子知识库。介绍了其馆藏的特点和规模，数字馆藏管理的标准和方法，以及数字馆藏管理的法律问题。阐述了数字馆藏在区域科学研究中的应用潜力。--2004-2008年，在Dolnym Slasku出版了一本电子书。Scharakteryzowano ogólnie ich zawartošić i wielkošić，zaprezentowano standardy i systemy zarzadzania kolekcjami cyfrowymi or az omówiono uwarunkowania prawne towarzyszace zarzadzaniu zasobami cyfrowymi.我们的目标是在区域内实现天然气和天然气的循环。
Objective: This paper gives context on recent literature regarding the development of digital personal health libraries (PHL) and provides insights into the potential application of consumer health informatics in diverse clinical specialties. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Here, 2,850 records were retrieved from PubMed and EMBASE in March 2020 using search terms: personal, health, and library. Information related to the health topic, target population, study…
Log analysis in Web search showed that user sessions often contain several different topics. This means sessions need to be segmented into parts which handle the same topic in order to give appropriate user support based on the topic, and not on a mixture of topics. Different methods have been proposed to segment a user session to different topics based on timeouts, lexical analysis, query similarity or external knowledge sources. In this paper, we study the problem in a digital library for the social sciences. We present a method based on a thesaurus and a classification system which are typi…
The $3^{rd}$ joint BIRNDL workshop was held at the 41st ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR 2018) in Ann Arbor, USA. BIRNDL 2018 intended to stimulate IR researchers and digital library professionals to elaborate on new approaches in natural language processing, information retrieval, scientometrics, and recommendation techniques that can advance the state-of-the-art in scholarly document understanding, analysis, and retrieval at scale. The workshop incorporated three paper sessions and the $4^{th}$ edition of the CL-SciSumm Shared Task.
Designing keyword-based access paths is a common practice in digital libraries. They are easy to use and accepted by users and come with moderate costs for content providers. However, users usually have to break down the search into pieces if they search for stories of interest that are more complex than searching for a few keywords. After searching for every piece one by one, information must then be reassembled manually. In previous work we recommended narrative information access, i.e., users can precisely state their information needs as graph patterns called narratives. Then a system take…
In this paper, we address the problem of classifying documents available from the global network of (open access) repositories according to their type. We show that the metadata provided by repositories enabling us to distinguish research papers, thesis and slides are missing in over 60% of cases. While these metadata describing document types are useful in a variety of scenarios ranging from research analytics to improving search and recommender (SR) systems, this problem has not yet been sufficiently addressed in the context of the repositories infrastructure. We have developed a new approac…
The large scale of scholarly publications poses a challenge for scholars in information seeking and sensemaking. Bibliometrics, information retrieval (IR), text mining and NLP techniques could help in these search and look-up activities, but are not yet widely used. This workshop is intended to stimulate IR researchers and digital library professionals to elaborate on new approaches in natural language processing, information retrieval, scientometrics, text mining and recommendation techniques that can advance the state-of-the-art in scholarly document understanding, analysis, and retrieval at…
Author name ambiguity in a digital library may affect the findings of research that mines authorship data of the library. This study evaluates author name disambiguation in DBLP, a widely used but insufficiently evaluated digital library for its disambiguation performance. In doing so, this study takes a triangulation approach that author name disambiguation for a digital library can be better evaluated when its performance is assessed on multiple labeled datasets with comparison to baselines. Tested on three types of labeled data containing 5,000 ~ 700K disambiguated names and 6M pairs of dis…
Digital mathematical libraries assemble the knowledge of years of mathematical research. Numerous disciplines (e.g., physics, engineering, pure and applied mathematics) rely heavily on compendia gathered findings. Likewise, modern research applications rely more and more on computational solutions, which are often calculated and verified by computer algebra systems. Hence, the correctness, accuracy, and reliability of both digital mathematical libraries and computer algebra systems is a crucial attribute for modern research. In this paper, we present a novel approach to verify a digital mathem…
Co-Authorship Networks in the Digital Library Research Community
数字图书馆（DL）领域在1994年合并：第一次数字图书馆会议在那一年举行，万维网的意识正在加速，美国国家科学基金会授予$24 Million (U.S.) for the Digital Library Initiative (DLI). In this paper we examine the state of the DL domain after a decade of activity by applying social network analysis to the co-authorship network of the past ACM, IEEE, and joint ACM/IEEE digital library conferences. We base our analysis on a common binary undirectional network model to represent the co-authorship network, and from it we extract several established network measures. We also introduce a weighted directional network model to represent the co-authorship network, f…
This article introduces the generic Document Towers paradigm, visualization, and software for visualizing the structure of paginated documents, based on the metaphor of documents-as-architecture. The Document Towers visualizations resemble three-dimensional building models and represent the physical boundaries of logical (e.g., titles, images), semantic (e.g., topics, named entities), graphical (e.g., typefaces, colors), and other types of information with spatial extent as a stack of rooms and floors. The software takes as input user-supplied JSON-formatted coordinates and labels of document …
In this paper we present the results of a user study on exploratory search activities in a social science digital library. We conducted a user study with 32 participants with a social sciences background -- 16 postdoctoral researchers and 16 students -- who were asked to solve a task on searching related work to a given topic. The exploratory search task was performed in a 10-minutes time slot. The use of certain search activities is measured and compared to gaze data recorded with an eye tracking device. We use a novel tree graph representation to visualise the users' search patterns and intr…
