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arXiv 2603.02595cond-mat.softcond-mat.stat-mechnlin.PSphysics.bio-ph
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化学趋动活性物质中动态不稳定性与图案形成

Dynamic Instabilities and Pattern Formation in Chemotactic Active Matter

University of California, San Diego(加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校);Princeton University(普林斯顿大学);California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院)

Hongbo Zhao, Qiwei Yu, Andrej Košmrlj, Sujit S. Datta

AI总结:

本文研究了趋化行为对运动诱导相分离的影响,发现其可抑制或引发动态不稳定性,并通过分析确定了四种分支类型及模式振幅的解析表达式。

摘要:

由主动移动的粒子组成的集体可以通过一种称为运动诱导相分离(MIPS)的过程自发地分成稀疏和密集相。这种迷人的现象在随机移动且无方向偏倚的粒子中已被广泛研究。然而,许多活性系统表现出集体趋化行为——通过粒子自身消耗或产生化学物质集体生成的定向运动。在此,我们利用线性稳定性分析、振幅方程和数值模拟研究了趋化行为如何影响MIPS。我们发现趋化行为可以阻止或完全抑制MIPS,或导致新的动态不稳定性,如行波和旋涡。我们预测了静止和振荡模式的稳定性区域,并识别出四种可能出现的分支类型:叉型、鞍点型、无限周期型和超临界霍普夫型。我们还推导了模式振幅和行波速度的解析表达式,与模拟结果有很好的定量一致性。此外,我们将模型推广到研究消耗或产生趋化剂或趋化抑制剂的粒子,以及具有不同趋化行为的粒子混合物。通过建立描述MIPS与趋化行为竞争的定量原理,我们的研究有助于深入理解化学响应活性物质系统的丰富物理本质。

英文摘要:

Collectives of actively-moving particles can spontaneously segregate into dilute and dense phases through a process known as motility-induced phase separation (MIPS). This captivating phenomenon is well-studied for randomly-moving particles with no directional bias. However, many active systems perform collective chemotaxis -- directed motion along a chemical gradient collectively generated by the particles themselves through consumption or production. Here, we use linear stability analysis, amplitude equations, and numerical simulations to study how MIPS is influenced by collective chemotaxis. We find that chemotaxis can either arrest or entirely suppress MIPS, or give rise to novel dynamic instabilities such as traveling waves and spirals. We predict the stability region of the stationary and oscillatory patterns and identify four types of bifurcation that can arise: pitchfork, saddle-node, infinite period, and supercritical Hopf. We also derive analytical expressions for the amplitude of the pattern and traveling wave velocity, yielding excellent quantitative agreement with simulations. Furthermore, we generalize our model to study particles that either consume or produce chemoattractant or chemorepellent, as well as mixtures of particles with different chemotactic behaviors. By establishing quantitative principles describing the competition between MIPS and chemotaxis, our study helps deepen understanding of the rich physics underlying chemically-responsive active matter systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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