趋化活性胶体的配对、华尔兹运动与散射
Pairing, waltzing and scattering of chemotactic active colloids
AI总结：
本研究揭示趋化/抗趋化活性胶体对的多种动力学行为及调控机制，分类了束缚态不动点与分岔，为活性胶体系统的动力学研究提供了新见解。
摘要：
一对可旋转自推进轴以平行（反平行）对齐化学梯度的趋化（抗趋化）活性胶体相互作用时，会表现出从束缚态到散射的多种动力学行为。其背后的两体相互作用是纯动力学的、非中心的、非互易的，可通过改变催化活性和泳动迁移率进行调控。互为趋化的胶体将彼此捕获在固定间距的终态，形成的“活性二聚体”会发生平移。研究还观测到第二种束缚态：极轴经历周期性循环，导致围绕公共点的相位同步圆周运动。这些束缚态的形成取决于初始条件，且可随自推进速度提高而解离。互为抗趋化的泳动体则总是相互散射分离。针对单个泳动体在局域溶质源存在下的情况，我们还对束缚态背后的不动点以及导致不同束缚态间转变的分岔进行了分类。
英文摘要：
An interacting pair of chemotactic (anti-chemotactic) active colloids, that can rotate their axes of self-propulsion to align {parallel (anti-parallel)} to a chemical gradient, shows dynamical behaviour that varies from bound states to scattering. The underlying two-body interactions are purely dynamical, non-central, non-reciprocal, and controlled by changing the catalytic activity and phoretic mobility. Mutually chemotactic colloids trap each other in a final state of fixed separation; the resulting `active dimer' translates. A second type of bound state is observed where the polar axes undergo periodic cycles leading to phase-synchronised circular motion around a common point. These bound states are formed depending on initial conditions and can unbind on increasing the speed of self propulsion. Mutually anti-chemotactic swimmers always scatter apart. We also classify the fixed points underlying the bound states, and the bifurcations leading to transitions from one type of bound state to another, for the case of a single swimmer in the presence of a localised source of solute.
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