活性乳液中的趋化自笼效应
Chemotactic self-caging in active emulsions
AI总结：
本研究以自驱动液滴为化学活性粒子模型，通过实验与模拟定量分析液滴间化学排斥信号的交流机制，揭示活性乳液中由负自趋化性引发的瞬态自笼动力学阻滞现象，为相关集体动力学研究提供新见解与预测原理。
摘要：
生物自组织的一个共同特征是活性因子如何通过化学信号彼此交流或与环境交流。这类由自身产生的化学梯度介导的交流，对个体运动策略和集体迁移模式均有影响。在本研究的纯物理化学体系中，我们以自驱动液滴作为化学活性粒子的模型，这类粒子通过留下化学足迹改变环境，这些足迹对其他液滴起到化学排斥信号的作用。我们从个体因子-轨迹碰撞尺度，以及液滴主动重塑环境同时调整自身动力学以适应不断变化的化学环境的集体尺度，对这种交流机制进行了定量分析。我们通过实验和模拟展示了这些相互作用如何在活性乳液中引发瞬态动力学阻滞，其中游动粒子被彼此分泌的化学轨迹所围困。本研究结果为化学活性粒子的集体动力学提供了新见解，并为预测负自趋化性如何塑造其导航策略提供了原理依据。
英文摘要：
A common feature of biological self-organization is how active agents communicate with each other or their environment via chemical signaling. Such communications, mediated by self-generated chemical gradients, have consequences for both individual motility strategies and collective migration patterns. Here, in a purely physicochemical system, we use self-propelling droplets as a model for chemically active particles that modify their environment by leaving chemical footprints, which act as chemorepulsive signals to other droplets. We analyze this communication mechanism quantitatively both on the scale of individual agent-trail collisions as well as on the collective scale where droplets actively remodel their environment while adapting their dynamics to that evolving chemical landscape. We show in experiment and simulation how these interactions cause a transient dynamical arrest in active emulsions where swimmers are caged between each other's trails of secreted chemicals. Our findings provide new insight into the collective dynamics of chemically active particles and yield principles for predicting how negative autochemotaxis shapes their navigation strategy.
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