arXiv 2602.183682026-02-20physics.optics

反馈驱动的耦合激光阵列的基态搜索

Feedback-Driven Ground-State Search in Coupled Laser Arrays

Indian Institute of Technology Ropar（印度技术学院罗帕尔分校）；Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, LuMIn（巴黎萨克雷大学、巴黎高等师范学校、法国国家科学研究中心、中央理工-苏佩莱克学院、LuMIn）

Rajneesh Fulara, Fabien Bretenaker, Vishwa Pal

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AI总结：

本研究通过反馈驱动退火机制在半导体激光阵列中实现基态搜索，通过调节振幅稳定化和相位锁定时间尺度，有效抑制缺陷形成，为高效激光基自旋模拟器提供新方法。

摘要：

优化问题在科学和工业的许多领域中出现，即使使用现代超计算机也极具挑战性。许多此类问题可以映射到由各种物理平台实现的自旋哈密顿量基态搜索上，这些平台的内在动态与自旋系统类似。然而，自旋哈密顿量的复杂能景观常常使系统陷入局部极小值，阻止系统达到基态（全局极小值）。我们展示了在类B半导体激光阵列中，内部（α）和外部（η）耦合的相互作用导致内在的反馈驱动退火机制。瞬时相位配置会自我调节振幅波动，这些波动作为有效的温度，动态重塑势能，使系统能够逃离局部极小值。使用一维环形激光阵列，我们分析了α-η参数空间中的缺陷形成，并识别出一个最优区域，实现了接近100%的基态概率。尽管α和η对于反馈回路都是必要的，缺陷抑制来自于修改两个竞争的时间尺度：振幅稳定化（t_amp）和相位锁定（t_phase），类似于Kibble-Zurek机制。这些时间尺度可以通过α或η独立调节。相同的时间尺度比值导致相同缺陷概率，证实了相对时间尺度，而不是特定参数，决定了缺陷形成。我们的发现确立了内部反馈驱动退火作为半导体激光阵列基态搜索的实用途径，为高效且可扩展的激光基自旋模拟器提供了基础，以解决难题优化问题。

英文摘要：

Optimisation problems, which appear in numerous fields of science and industry, are challenging to solve even with modern supercomputers. Many such problems can be mapped onto ground-state searches of spin Hamiltonians, implemented on various physical platforms whose intrinsic dynamics are analogous to spin systems. However, the complex energy landscape of spin Hamiltonians often traps the system in local minima, preventing the system from reaching the ground-state (global minimum). We demonstrate an intrinsic feedback-driven annealing mechanism in class-B semiconductor laser arrays arising from the interplay of internal ($α$) and external ($η$) coupling. The instantaneous phase configuration self-modulates amplitude fluctuations, which act as an effective temperature, dynamically reshaping the potential and enabling the system to escape from local minima. Using a one-dimensional ring laser array, we analyze defect formation in the $α$-$η$ parameter space and identify an optimal regime achieving nearly 100% ground-state probability. Although both $α$ and $η$ are essential for the feedback loop, defect suppression results from modifying two competing timescales: amplitude stabilization (t_amp) and phase locking (t_phase), analogous to the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. These timescales can be tuned independently via $α$ or $η$. Identical timescale ratios yield identical defect probabilities, confirming that relative timescales, not specific parameters, govern defect formation. Our findings establish internal feedback-driven annealing as a practical route to ground-state search in semiconductor laser arrays, providing a foundation for efficient and scalable laser-based spin simulators for tackling hard optimization problems.

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