arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2602.01680cond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.str-el
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由轨道有序性导致的铁磁铁电性

Ferromagnetic Ferroelectricity due to Orbital Ordering

Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)(物质结构纳米建筑学研究中心,日本国立材料科学研究所)

I. V. Solovyev

AI总结:

通过激活轨道自由度实现铁磁铁电性,核心在于利用反铁磁轨道有序打破对称性,从而在单一相中结合两种铁电序。

摘要:

实现铁磁铁电性,即在单一相中结合两种铁电序,是长期存在的重大实践问题。其中难点在于铁磁性本身无法打破反演对称性I。因此,这种相态无法仅通过磁性手段获得。本文展示如何通过激活轨道自由度来设计此类相态。该理念可追溯到原子间交换的基本原理,即沿键交替占据轨道(即反铁磁轨道有序)有利于铁磁耦合。此外,反铁磁轨道有序会打破I,使键不仅具有铁磁性,还具有铁电性。然后,我们总结了在固体中实现此类状态的主要原理:(i)磁性原子不应位于反演中心,如蜂窝晶格;(ii)轨道应足够灵活,以调整其形状并最小化交换相互作用的能量;(iii)这种灵活性可通过原子内相互作用实现,这些相互作用负责洪德第二规则,并与晶场分裂竞争;(iv)对于八面体配位的过渡金属化合物,最有可能的候选物似乎是具有d²电子组态且d-p杂化较弱的碘化物。这种情形在范德华化合物VI₃中实现,我们预期其为铁磁铁电体。

英文摘要:

Realization of ferromagnetic ferroelectricity, combining two ferroic orders in a single phase, is the longstanding problem of great practical importance. One of the difficulties is that ferromagnetism alone cannot break inversion symmetry $\mathcal{I}$. Therefore, such a phase cannon be obtained by purely magnetic means. Here, we show how it can be designed by making orbital degrees of freedom active. The idea can be traced back to a basic principle of interatomic exchange, which states that an alternation of occupied orbitals along a bond (i.e., antiferro orbital order) favors ferromagnetic coupling. Moreover, the antiferro orbital order breaks $\mathcal{I}$, so that the bond becomes not simply ferromagnetic but also ferroelectric. Then, we formulate main principles governing the realization of such a state in solids, namely: (i) The magnetic atoms should not be located in inversion centers, as in the honeycomb lattice; (ii) The orbitals should be flexible enough to adjust they shape and minimize the energy of exchange interactions; (iii) This flexibility can be achieved by intraatomic interactions, which are responsible for Hund's second rule and compete with the crystal field splitting; (iv) For octahedrally coordinated transition-metal compounds, the most promising candidates appear to be iodides with a $d^{2}$ configuration and relatively weak $d$-$p$ hybridization. Such a situation is realized in the van der Walls compound VI$_3$, which we expect to be ferromagnetic ferroelectric.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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