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arXiv 2512.20163cs.DC
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高效稳定的人口协议用于奇偶性及更广泛的问题

Efficient Stable Population Protocols for Parity and Beyond

School of Computer Science and Informatics, University of Liverpool(利物浦大学计算机科学与信息学院);Institute of Computer Science, University of Wrocław(弗罗茨瓦夫大学计算机科学研究所)

Leszek Gąsieniec, Tytus Grodzicki, Tomasz Jurdziński, Jakub Kowalski, Grzegorz Stachowiak

AI总结:

本文提出一种高效稳定的人口协议框架,通过引入权重、鲁棒时钟机制和高效异常检测,实现奇偶性和模m余数计算的通用解决方案,同时在时间与空间复杂度上取得平衡。

摘要:

针对近二十年来人口协议在分布式计算中广泛研究的问题,本文提出了一种高效稳定的人口协议框架,通过引入权重、鲁棒时钟机制和高效异常检测,实现奇偶性和模m余数计算的通用解决方案,同时在时间与空间复杂度上取得平衡。

英文摘要:

For nearly two decades, population protocols have been extensively studied, yielding efficient solutions for central problems in distributed computing, including leader election, and majority computation, a predicate type in Presburger Arithmetic closely tied to population protocols. Surprisingly, no protocols have achieved both time- and space-efficiency for congruency predicates, such as parity computation, which are complementary in this arithmetic framework. This gap highlights a significant challenge in the field. To address this gap, we explore the parity problem, where agents are tasked with computing the parity of the given sub-population size. Then we extend the solution for parity to compute congruences modulo an arbitrary $m$. Previous research on efficient population protocols has focused on protocols that minimise both stabilisation time and state utilisation for specific problems. In contrast, this work slightly relaxes this expectation, permitting protocols to place less emphasis on full optimisation and more on universality, robustness, and probabilistic guarantees. This allows us to propose a novel computing paradigm that integrates population weights (or simply weights), a robust clocking mechanism, and efficient anomaly detection coupled with a switching mechanism (which ensures slow but always correct solutions). This paradigm facilitates universal design of efficient multistage stable population protocols. Specifically, the first efficient parity and congruence protocols introduced here use both $O(\log^3 n)$ states and achieve silent stabilisation in $O(\log^3 n)$ time. We conclude by discussing the impact of implicit conversion between unary and binary representations enabled by the weight system, with applications to other problems, including the computation and representation of (sub-)population sizes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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