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arXiv 2512.09166math.PRmath.COmath.DS
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图上的均匀随机游走、环过程与图形

The Uniform Random Walk on graphs, loop processes and graphings

Miklos Abert, Adam Arras, Jaelin Kim

AI总结:

本文研究了图上均匀随机游走的性质,揭示了其在不同相变下的行为,证明了URW在非局域化和局域化相中的存在性及熵最大化特性。

摘要:

我们定义连通、局部有限图上的均匀随机游走(URW)为长度为n的均匀游走在固定顶点开始时的弱极限。当极限存在时,它必定是马尔可夫过程,并且与起始点无关。对于有限图,URW等于最大熵随机游走(MERW)。我们研究了在环扰动正则图及其极限上的URW存在性和相变。结果表明,对于有限图序列,极限图形的全局谱理论决定了有限MERW的行为。在非局域化相中,我们使用“膜论论证”,表明扩张图形的主特征函数在小对角扰动下是稳定的。这给出了:1)叶子上的URW存在性;2)URW是唯一的熵最大化器;3)有限图序列的MERW在Benjamini-Schramm意义下收敛于极限图形的URW。在局域化相中,粒子所见的环境扮演着有限平稳测度的角色。我们证明,对于树形结构,URW存在、瞬态且最大化熵。我们还证明,对于大多数顶点具有固定度数的大有限图,MERW的局域化由邻接范数决定。

英文摘要:

We define the Uniform Random Walk (URW) on a connected, locally finite graph as the weak limit of the uniform walk of length $n$ starting at a fixed vertex. When the limit exists, it is necessarily Markovian and is independent of the starting point. For a finite graph, URW equals the Maximal Entropy Random Walk (MERW). We investigate the existence and phase transitions of URW for loop perturbed regular graphs and their limits. It turns out that for a sequence of finite graphs, it is the global spectral theory of the limiting graphing that governs the behavior of the finite MERWs. In the delocalized phase, we use a "membrane argument", showing that the principal eigenfunction of an expander graphing is stable under a small diagonal perturbation. This gives us: 1) The existence of URW on leaves; 2) The URW is a unique entropy maximizer; 3) The MERW of a finite graph sequence Benjamini-Schramm converges to the URW of the limiting graphing. In the localized phase, the environment seen by the particle takes the role of a finite stationary measure. We show that for canopy trees, the URW exists, is transient and maximizes entropy. We also show that for large finite graphs where most vertices have a fixed degree, localization of MERW is governed by the adjacency norm.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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