arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2503.01985cs.GTcs.AI
收藏

带有赞成票与反对票的比例代表委员会选举

Proportional Committee Elections with Positive and Negative Votes

University of Oxford(牛津大学);University of Warsaw(华沙大学);AGH University of Science and Technology(AGH科技大学)

Sonja Kraiczy, Georgios Papasotiropoulos, Grzegorz Pierczyński, Piotr Skowron

AI总结:

本研究针对允许投反对票的委员会选举场景,提出两种反对票解释及对应比例性公理,检验Phragmén规则、PAV、MES变体的公理满足情况,拓展了比例代表制的适用场景。

摘要:

在经典的委员会选举场景中,每位投票者对部分候选人表示赞成,目标是根据这些偏好选出k名获胜者。该领域近期研究的核心重点是实现比例代表制。本研究在更具表达性的场景中探索比例性概念,该场景允许投票者对候选人投反对票——这是在线投票平台及其他场景的常见特征。我们提出两种概念上截然不同的反对票解释,形成对比例性的不同视角:第一种中,阻止不被认可的候选人当选对投票者而言与选出被认可的候选人同等重要;第二种中,将赞成与反对分别对待,各自获得公平保障。针对每种方法,我们引入捕捉比例性的合适公理,并检验Phragmén规则、比例认可投票规则(PAV)及等额份额方法(MES)的相应变体对这些公理的满足情况。

英文摘要:

In the classic committee election setting each voter approves a subset of candidates and the goal is to select $k$ winners based on these preferences. A central focus of recent research in the area has been to achieve proportional representation. In this work, we explore notions of proportionality in a more expressive setting that allows voters to vote against candidates---a common feature on online polling platforms and beyond. We propose two conceptually distinct interpretations of negative votes, resulting in different perspectives of proportionality. In the first, preventing the election of disapproved candidates is as important to voters as electing approved ones. In the second, approvals and disapprovals are treated separately, with each receiving its own fairness guarantees. For each approach, we introduce suitable axioms capturing proportionality and examine their satisfiability by appropriate variants of Phragmén's rule, Proportional Approval Voting rule (PAV), and the Method of Equal Shares (MES).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑