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arXiv 1905.04438cs.GTcs.DM
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委员会选举中的群体公平性

Group Fairness in Committee Selection

Yu Cheng, Zhihao Jiang, Kamesh Munagala, Kangning Wang

摘要:

在本文中,我们研究了公平委员会的选择问题。我们通过稳定性来考虑公平的一般概念:如果没有选民联盟可以偏离并选择一个比例大小的委员会,那么委员会是稳定的,因此所有这些选民严格地喜欢新的委员会而不是现有的委员会。我们的主要贡献是将这个定义扩展到委员会的分布(或彩票)的稳定性。我们考虑两个典型的选民偏好模型:批准集设置,每个选民批准一组候选人,并喜欢与此集合有较大交集的委员会;和排名设置,每个选民排名委员会的基础上,她有多喜欢她最喜欢的候选人在一个委员会。我们的主要结果是表明,稳定的彩票总是存在这些典型的偏好模型。有趣的是,考虑到选民对委员会的偏好,计算近似稳定彩票的过程对于两个模型是相同的,因此扩展到一些选民具有前一种偏好结构而另一些选民具有后一种偏好结构的设置。我们的存在性证明使用概率方法和一个新的大偏差不等式,可能是独立的利益。

英文摘要:

In this paper, we study fairness in committee selection problems. We consider a general notion of fairness via stability: A committee is stable if no coalition of voters can deviate and choose a committee of proportional size, so that all these voters strictly prefer the new committee to the existing one. Our main contribution is to extend this definition to stability of a distribution (or lottery) over committees. We consider two canonical voter preference models: the Approval Set setting where each voter approves a set of candidates and prefers committees with larger intersection with this set; and the Ranking setting where each voter ranks committees based on how much she likes her favorite candidate in a committee. Our main result is to show that stable lotteries always exist for these canonical preference models. Interestingly, given preferences of voters over committees, the procedure for computing an approximately stable lottery is the same for both models and therefore extends to the setting where some voters have the former preference structure and others have the latter. Our existence proof uses the probabilistic method and a new large deviation inequality that may be of independent interest.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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