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arXiv 2501.04411astro-ph.EP
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原行星盘中通量-尺寸关系的演化:粘性演化与径向卵石漂移

The evolution of the flux-size relationship in protoplanetary discs by viscous evolution and radial pebble drift

Johan Appelgren, Anders Johansen, Michiel Lambrechts, Jes Jørgensen, Nienke van der Marel, Nagayoshi Ohashi, John Tobin

AI总结:

本文通过包含气体粘性演化与尘埃径向漂移的模型,研究原行星盘通量-尺寸关系演化,发现匹配观测需特定角动量预算及低效粘性加热,且毫米波光学薄支持尘埃质量估计。

摘要:

本文研究了原行星盘中辐射通量、通量半径和可观测尘埃质量的演化,以理解这些量如何依赖于角动量预算和假定的热源。我们使用一个包含原行星气体盘的形成和粘性演化以及尘埃组分生长和径向漂移的模型。我们发现,当我们假设(i)初始总角动量预算对应于太阳型恒星周围40 au的离心半径,以及(ii)低效的粘性加热时,我们能够最好地匹配class 0/I盘的观测通量和半径。class II盘的通量和半径似乎与角动量预算相当于太阳型恒星40 au或10 au离心半径的盘模型一致,也与粘性加热以全效率或降低效率发生的模型一致。在它们演化的前0.5 Myr期间,盘在1.3 mm波长处通常光学厚。然而,在此之后,盘在毫米波长处光学薄,支持标准的尘埃质量估计方法。使用盘种群合成模型,我们随后表明,可观测尘埃质量的累积演化的演化与在不同年龄的年轻恒星形成星团中观测到的结果吻合良好。

英文摘要:

In this paper we study the evolution of radiative fluxes, flux radii and observable dust masses in protoplanetary discs, in order to understand how these depend on the angular momentum budget and on the assumed heat sources. We use a model that includes the formation and viscous evolution of protoplanetary gas discs, together with the growth and radial drift of the dust component. We find that we are best able to match the observed fluxes and radii of class 0/I discs when we assume (i) an initial total angular momentum budget corresponding to a centrifugal radius of 40 au around solar-like stars, and (ii) inefficient viscous heating. Fluxes and radii of class II discs appear consistent with disc models with angular momentum budgets equivalent to centrifugal radii of both 40 au or 10 au for solar like stars, and with models where viscous heating occurs at either full efficiency or at reduced efficiency. During the first 0.5 Myr of their evolution discs are generally optically thick at a wavelength of 1.3 mm. However, after this discs are optically thin at mm-wavelengths, supporting standard means of dust mass estimates. Using a disc population synthesis model, we then show that the evolution of the cumulative evolution of the observable dust masses agrees well with that observed in young star forming clusters of different ages.

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