arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 2408.09396gr-qc
收藏

Schwarzschild 度规中电子的引力自旋霍尔效应

Gravitational spin Hall effect of electrons in Schwarzschild metric

Dan-Dan Lian, Wei-Si Qiu, Peng-Ming Zhang

AI总结:

本文从 Dirac 方程推导 Schwarzschild 度规下电子 Hamiltonian,揭示引力自旋霍尔效应,并证明低地球轨道电子自旋分离随轨道周期增长,为量子检验弱等效原理提供可行途径。

摘要:

在本研究中,我们从协变 Dirac 方程出发,利用弱场近似和 Foldy-Wouthuysen 变换,推导了 Schwarzschild 度规中电子的非相对论 Hamiltonian。该 Hamiltonian 包含引力自旋-轨道耦合项,从而产生引力自旋霍尔效应(SHE),使电子按自旋发生分离。通过求解这些电子的 Schrödinger 方程,我们研究了电子绕非旋转引力源运动时的引力 SHE。我们的发现表明,电子的自旋相关分离随其轨道周期成比例增加,显著提高了引力 SHE 的可探测性。具体而言,对于低地球轨道上的电子,估计其每年的分离量为 $3.0\ imes 10^{-12}\, \ ext{m}$。这些结果表明,探测绕地球轨道运行的电子中的引力 SHE 具有实际可行性,尤其是在轨道持续时间较长的情况下,突显了利用量子检验弱等效原理的潜力。

英文摘要:

In this study, we derive the non-relativistic Hamiltonian for electrons within the Schwarzschild metric from covariant Dirac equations, using both the weak field approximation and the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation. This Hamiltonian incorporates a gravitational spin-orbit coupling term, resulting in the gravitational spin Hall effect (SHE), which separates electrons by their spin. By solving the Schrödinger equation for these electrons, we investigate the gravitational SHE as they orbit a non-rotating gravitational source. Our findings reveal that the spin-dependent separation of electrons increases in proportion to their orbital periods, significantly improving the detectability of gravitational SHE. Specifically, for electrons in a low Earth orbit, the separation is estimated to be $3.0\times 10^{-12}\, \text{m}$ annually. These results indicate the practicality of detecting the gravitational SHE in electrons orbiting Earth, especially with prolonged orbital durations, underscoring the potential for quantum test of the Weak Equivalence Principle.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑