arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2408.02844physics.flu-dyncond-mat.stat-mechphysics.ao-ph
收藏

各向异性湍流中的相变

Phase Transitions in Anisotropic Turbulence

Adrian van Kan

AI总结:

本文综述各向异性湍流(如薄层与快速旋转)中的相变现象,涵盖控制参数临界转变及湍流涨落诱导的随机反转和涡旋-射流转变,并展望未来研究方向。

摘要:

湍流是流体流动中广泛存在的状态,其特征是跨越广阔时间和空间尺度范围内的运动之间发生复杂的非线性相互作用。尽管湍流无处不在,从茶杯到行星大气、海洋和恒星,其表现形式在不同物理系统之间可能差异显著。例如,三维(3D)湍流表现出从大尺度到小尺度的正向能量级联,而在二维(2D)湍流中,能量则从小尺度向大尺度级联。在给定的物理系统中,当控制参数达到临界值时,湍流的这些不同状态之间可能发生转变。接近此类转变点(这些转变点分隔了湍流性质上截然不同的“相”)的流动行为已被发现异常丰富。在此,我们综述了高度各向异性湍流流体中此类转变的最新发现,包括薄层中的湍流以及快速旋转影响下的湍流。我们还回顾了由湍流涨落引起的转变的相关近期工作,例如随机反转以及大尺度涡旋与射流之间的转变等。讨论了这些结果的相关性及其对未来研究的深远影响。

英文摘要:

Turbulence is a widely observed state of fluid flows, characterized by complex, nonlinear interactions between motions across a broad spectrum of length and time scales. While turbulence is ubiquitous, from teacups to planetary atmospheres, oceans and stars, its manifestations can vary considerably between different physical systems. For instance, three-dimensional (3D) turbulent flows display a forward energy cascade from large to small scales, while in two-dimensional (2D) turbulence, energy cascades from small to large scales. In a given physical system, a transition between such disparate regimes of turbulence can occur when a control parameter reaches a critical value. The behavior of flows close to such transition points, which separate qualitatively distinct \textit{phases} of turbulence, has been found to be unexpectedly rich. Here, we survey recent findings on such transitions in highly anisotropic turbulent fluid flows, including turbulence in thin layers and under the influence of rapid rotation. We also review recent work on transitions induced by turbulent fluctuations, such as random reversals and transitions between large-scale vortices and jets, among others. The relevance of these results and their ramifications for future investigations are discussed.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑