arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 2408.02183math.AP
收藏

三维硬球 Boltzmann 方程:显式结构以及从多项式尾部到 Gaussian 尾部的转变过程

3D hard sphere Boltzmann equation: explicit structure and the transition process from polynomial tail to Gaussian tail

Yu-Chu Lin, Haitao Wang, Kung-Chien Wu

AI总结:

本文研究三维硬球 Boltzmann 方程近平衡解,通过分解粒子状与流体状部分,刻画波动相互作用并定量揭示速度尾部由多项式向 Gaussian 的转变。

摘要:

我们研究近平衡情形下的硬球 Boltzmann 方程。初始数据在空间变量上具有紧支集,并在微观速度上具有多项式尾部。我们证明解可以分解为粒子状部分(多项式尾部)和流体状部分(Gaussian 尾部)。粒子状部分在空间和时间上均呈指数衰减,而流体状部分对应可压缩 Navier-Stokes 方程的行为,主导长时间行为并展现出丰富的波动运动。流体状部分中的非线性波相互作用得到精确刻画,因此我们能够区分解的线性波与非线性波。值得注意的是,尽管解在初始速度上具有多项式尾部,但由于与背景全局 Maxwellian 的碰撞,从多项式尾部到 Gaussian 尾部的转变过程可以被定量揭示。

英文摘要:

We study the Boltzmann equation with hard sphere in a near-equilibrium setting. The initial data is compactly supported in the space variable and has a polynomial tail in the microscopic velocity. We show that the solution can be decomposed into a particle-like part (polynomial tail) and a fluid-like part (Gaussian tail). The particle-like part decays exponentially in both space and time, while the fluid-like part corresponds to the behavior of the compressible Navier-Stokes equation, which dominates the long time behavior and exhibits rich wave motion. The nonlinear wave interactions in the fluid-like part are precisely characterized and therefore we are able to distinguish the linear and nonlinear wave of the solution. It is notable that although the solution has polynomial tail in the velocity initially, the transition process from the polynomial to the Gaussian tail can be quantitatively revealed due to the collision with the background global Maxwellian.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑