利用碰撞树和半群从硬球 Rayleigh 气体推导动力学方程与扩散方程
Derivation of kinetic and diffusion equations from a hard-sphere Rayleigh gas using collision trees and semigroups
AI总结:
本文在 Boltzmann-Grad 极限下研究硬球 Rayleigh 气体,借助碰撞树上的半群方法证明经验粒子动力学收敛于 Boltzmann 型动力学,并经进一步重标度导出扩散方程。
摘要:
我们将重新审视经典问题:在 Boltzmann-Grad 标度下,即 ε 趋于零而 N 趋于无穷时,理解直径为 ε 的 N 个硬球在随机初始数据下各种确定性动力学的统计性质。对于 Rayleigh 气体,我们利用半群方法描述与物理轨迹相关的碰撞树上的概率测度,从而证明经验粒子动力学到 Boltzmann 型动力学的收敛。作为应用,我们通过进一步的重标度推导得到扩散方程。
英文摘要:
We will revisit the classical questions of understanding the statistics of various deterministic dynamics of $N$ hard spheres of diameter $\varepsilon$ with random initial data in the Boltzmann-Grad scaling as $\varepsilon$ tends to zero and $N$ tends to infinity. The convergence of the empiric particle dynamics to the Boltzmann-type dynamics is shown using semigroup methods to describe probability measures on collision trees associated to physical trajectories in the case of a Rayleigh gas. As an application we derive the diffusion equation by a further rescaling.
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