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arXiv 2408.01192astro-ph.GA
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类星体光变是否受吸积近邻环境调控?

Is quasar variability regulated by the close environment of accretion?

Liang Wu, Jun-Xian Wang, Wen-Ke Ren, Wen-Yong Kang

AI总结:

本研究通过分析SDSS类星体样本的g波段光变与红外覆盖因子的相关性,发现赤道尘埃环对紫外/光学光变有显著调控作用,表明吸积近邻环境在调节吸积盘湍流中起关键作用。

摘要:

类星体的紫外/光学光变是一个已被充分观测到的现象,但其原始起源仍不清楚。本研究通过分析两个明亮SDSS类星体样本的光变与红外发射之间的相关性,探讨了导致紫外/光学光变的吸积盘湍流是否受到吸积近邻环境的影响。第一个样本包含来自SDSS、Pan-STARRS和ZTF g波段测光的光变曲线,第二个样本使用SDSS Stripe 82 g波段光变曲线。我们研究了g波段超额方差(σ_rms)与波长相关红外覆盖因子(L_IR(λ)/L_bol)之间的相关性,并控制了红移、光度和黑洞质量的影响。在两个样本中均观察到这两个变量之间存在反相关,该反相关在2-3μm波长处最强,但向更长波长方向逐渐减弱。这表明赤道尘埃环(主导近红外发射)在影响紫外/光学光变方面起重要作用,而较冷的极向尘埃(对中红外发射贡献显著)则不起作用。这些发现表明,类星体光变可能与供给吸积的尘埃环内部的物理条件有关,并支持吸积近邻环境在调控吸积盘湍流中起重要作用的观点。

英文摘要:

UV/optical variability in quasars is a well-observed phenomenon, yet its primeval origins remain unclear. This study investigates whether the accretion disk turbulence, which is responsible for UV/optical variability, is influenced by the close environment of the accretion by analyzing the correlation between variability and infrared emission for two luminous SDSS quasar samples. The first sample includes light curves from SDSS, Pan-STARRS, and ZTF $g$ band photometry, while the second sample utilizes SDSS Stripe 82 $g$ band light curves. We explore the correlation between the $g$ band excess variance ($σ_{rms}$) and the wavelength-dependent infrared covering factor ($L_{\rm IR}(λ)/L_{\rm bol}$), controlling for the effects of redshift, luminosity, and black hole mass. An anti-correlation between two variables is observed in both samples, which is strongest at wavelengths of 2-3$μ$m but gradually weakens towards longer wavelength. This suggests the equatorial dusty torus (which dominates near-infrared emission) plays a significant role in influencing the UV/optical variability, while the cooler polar dust (which contributes significantly to mid-infrared emission) does not. The findings indicate that quasar variability may be connected to the physical conditions within the dusty torus which feeds the accretion, and support the notion that the close environment of the accretion plays an important role in regulating the accretion disk turbulence.

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