arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2006.08645astro-ph.GA
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Sloan数字巡天多历元光谱研究的高红移极变类星体

High-redshift Extreme Variability Quasars from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Multi-Epoch Spectroscopy

Hengxiao Guo, Jiacheng Peng, Kaiwen Zhang, Colin J. Burke, Xin Liu, Mouyuan Sun, Shu Wang, Minzhi Kong, Zhenfeng Sheng, Tinggui Wang, Zhicheng He, Minfeng Gu

摘要:

利用斯隆数字巡天第16次数据发布的重复光谱,对高红移($z >$ 1.5)极端变率类星体(EVQs)进行了系统的搜索,该数据提供了观测帧中跨度达$\sim$ 18年的基线。我们编制了348个EVQ的样本,在静止帧1450埃处的最大连续可变性超过100%(即,$δ$ V $\equiv$(最大$-$最小)/平均$>$ 1)。EVQ显示了一系列发射线的变化,其中包括23个,其中至少有一条线在我们的红移范围内消失在可探测性之下,然后可以被视为类似于低红移的变化类星体(CLQ)。重要的是,由SDSS问题光谱通量校准引起的杂散CLQ,例如,光纤掉落问题,已被拒绝。类似的属性(例如,连续/线,差分复合光谱和爱丁顿比)的正常EVQs和CLQs,意味着他们基本上是相同的物理人口与类似的内在变化机制,作为一个正常的类星体属性的连续分布的尾巴。此外,我们没有找到可靠的证据($\lesssim$ 1 $σ$)来支持CLQ是EVQ的一个子集,吸积效率较低。最后,我们还证实了C IV的抗呼吸作用(即,谱线宽度随光度增加而增加),并发现在单历元C IV维里黑洞质量估计中,除了$\sim$ 0.4 dex的系统不确定性外,极端变率还将引入$\sim$ 0.3 dex的额外散射。

英文摘要:

We perform a systematic search for high-redshift ($z >$ 1.5) extreme variability quasars (EVQs) using repeat spectra from the Sixteenth Data Release of Sloan Digital Sky Survey, which provides a baseline spanning up to $\sim$18 yrs in the observed frame. We compile a sample of 348 EVQs with a maximum continuum variability at rest frame 1450 Angstrom of more than 100% (i.e., $δ$V $\equiv$ (Max$-$Min)/Mean $>$1). The EVQs show a range of emission line variability, including 23 where at least one line in our redshift range disappears below detectability, which can then be seen as analogous to low-redshift changing-look quasars (CLQs)". Importantly, spurious CLQs caused by SDSS problematic spectral flux calibration, e.g., fiber drop issue, have been rejected. The similar properties (e.g., continuum/line, difference-composite spectra and Eddington ratio) of normal EVQs and CLQs, implies that they are basically the same physical population with analogous intrinsic variability mechanisms, as a tail of a continuous distribution of normal quasar properties. In addition, we find no reliable evidence ($\lesssim$ 1$σ$) to support that the CLQs are a subset of EVQs with less efficient accretion. Finally, we also confirm the anti-breathing of C IV (i.e., line width increases as luminosity increases) in EVQs, and find that in addition to $\sim$ 0.4 dex systematic uncertainty in single-epoch C IV virial black hole mass estimates, an extra scatter of $\sim$ 0.3 dex will be introduced by extreme variability.

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