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arXiv 2407.05643cs.ITeess.SPmath.IT
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重新审视XL-MIMO信道估计:当双宽带效应遇上近场

Revisiting XL-MIMO Channel Estimation: When Dual-Wideband Effects Meet Near Field

Anzheng Tang, Jun-Bo Wang, Yijin Pan, Tuo Wu, Yijian Chen, Hongkang Yu, Maged Elkashlan

AI总结:

本文针对宽带XL-MIMO近场信道估计,利用空间啁啾特性刻画角度-时延域结构化稀疏性,提出列式分层先验模型及MMV-HMP算法,在中等复杂度下优于现有基线。

摘要:

在超大规模多输入多输出(XL-MIMO)系统中部署超大规模天线阵列(ELAA)引入了显著的近场效应,例如球面波前传播和空间非平稳(SnS)特性。当这些现象与宽带系统固有的双宽带效应相结合时,从根本上改变了信道在角度-时延域中的稀疏模式,使得现有估计方法不再适用。为应对这些挑战,本文重新审视了宽带XL-MIMO系统的信道估计问题。利用阵列响应的空间啁啾特性,我们首先定量刻画了宽带XL-MIMO信道在角度-时延域的稀疏性,揭示了全局块稀疏性和局部公共时延稀疏性。为有效捕获这种结构化稀疏性,我们随后提出了一种新颖的列式分层先验模型,该模型集成了精度共享机制和马尔可夫随机场(MRF)结构。基于该先验模型,信道估计任务被表述为基于多测量矢量(MMV)的贝叶斯推理问题。针对该分层先验所引发的复杂因子图,我们开发了一种基于MMV的混合消息传递(MMV-HMP)算法。该算法沿因子图的边进行消息更新,并根据因子节点结构和消息可处理性,选择性地应用变分消息传递(VMP)或和积(SP)规则。仿真结果通过消融研究验证了所提出的列式分层先验模型的有效性,并表明MMV-HMP算法在保持中等计算复杂度的同时,始终优于无法捕获宽带XL-MIMO信道结构化稀疏性的现有基线方法。

英文摘要:

The deployment of extremely large antenna arrays (ELAAs) in extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems introduces significant near-field effects, such as spherical wavefront propagation and spatially non-stationary (SnS) properties. When combined with the dual-wideband effects inherent to wideband systems, these phenomena fundamentally alter the channel's sparsity patterns in the angular-delay domain, rendering existing estimation methods insufficient. To address these challenges, this paper reconsiders the channel estimation problem for wideband XL-MIMO systems. Leveraging the spatial-chirp property of array responses, we first quantitatively characterize the angular-delay domain sparsity of wideband XL-MIMO channels, revealing both global block sparsity and local common-delay sparsity. To effectively capture this structured sparsity, we then propose a novel column-wise hierarchical prior model that integrates a precision sharing mechanism and a Markov random field (MRF) structure. Building on this prior model, the channel estimation task is formulated as a multiple measurement vector (MMV)-based Bayesian inference problem. Tailored to the complex factor graph induced by this hierarchical prior, we develop a MMV-based hybrid message passing (MMV-HMP) algorithm. This algorithm performs message updates along the edges of the factor graph, and selectively applies either the variational message passing (VMP) or sum-product (SP) rules, depending on the factor-node structure and message tractability. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed column-wise hierarchical prior model through ablation studies and demonstrate that the MMV-HMP algorithm, while maintaining moderate computational complexity, consistently outperforms existing baselines which fail to capture the structured sparsity of wideband XL-MIMO channels.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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