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arXiv 2407.01431cs.DS
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面向群组 Steiner 距离的图稀疏生成树

Graph Spanners for Group Steiner Distances

Davide Bilò, Luciano Gualà, Stefano Leucci, Alessandro Straziota

AI总结:

本文研究群组 Steiner 度量下的图稀疏生成树构造,揭示其与按源稀疏生成树的联系,并为全对和单源情形给出多种规模-拉伸权衡,其中单元素情形达到几乎最优,同时分析了转化为距离预言机后的查询时间。

摘要:

稀疏生成树(spanner)是给定图 $G$ 的一个稀疏子图,它在某个距离度量下将距离保持到一个乘性拉伸因子以内。本文研究的是针对群组 Steiner 度量构造图稀疏生成树的问题,该度量推广了最近引入的啤酒距离度量。在这种度量中,我们给定一组由必需顶点组成的群组集合,并将两个顶点之间的距离定义为它们之间最短路径的长度,且该路径必须经过每个群组中的至少一个必需顶点。我们讨论了群组 Steiner 稀疏生成树与经典稀疏生成树之间的关系,并证明它们与基于最短路径度量的按源(sourcewise)稀疏生成树有很强的联系。尽管如此,群组 Steiner 稀疏生成树涵盖了一些现有稀疏生成树无法覆盖的有趣场景。例如,在单元素情形中,每个群组只包含一个必需顶点,从而刻画了路径需要经过某些兴趣点(顺序任意)的场景。我们针对全对(all-pairs)和单源(single-source)两种情形给出了多种群组 Steiner 稀疏生成树的构造,这些构造展现出不同的规模-拉伸权衡。值得注意的是,我们为单元素情形提供了几乎最优的权衡。此外,我们的一些稀疏生成树也为经典的按源稀疏生成树带来了新的权衡。最后,我们还研究了当我们的稀疏生成树被转化为具有相同规模、拉伸和构建时间的群组 Steiner 距离预言机(oracle)时,可以达到的查询时间。

英文摘要:

A spanner is a sparse subgraph of a given graph $G$ which preserves distances, measured w.r.t.\ some distance metric, up to a multiplicative stretch factor. This paper addresses the problem of constructing graph spanners w.r.t.\ the group Steiner metric, which generalizes the recently introduced beer distance metric. In such a metric we are given a collection of groups of required vertices, and we measure the distance between two vertices as the length of the shortest path between them that traverses at least one required vertex from each group. We discuss the relation between group Steiner spanners and classic spanners and we show that they exhibit strong ties with sourcewise spanners w.r.t.\ the shortest path metric. Nevertheless, group Steiner spanners capture several interesting scenarios that are not encompassed by existing spanners. This happens, e.g., for the singleton case, in which each group consists of a single required vertex, thus modeling the setting in which routes need to traverse certain points of interests (in any order). We provide several constructions of group Steiner spanners for both the all-pairs and single-source case, which exhibit various size-stretch trade-offs. Notably, we provide spanners with almost-optimal trade-offs for the singleton case. Moreover, some of our spanners also yield novel trade-offs for classical sourcewise spanners. Finally, we also investigate the query times that can be achieved when our spanners are turned into group Steiner distance oracles with the same size, stretch, and building time.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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