Fast SMBH growth in the SPT2349--56 protocluster at $z=4.3$
Fabio Vito, William N. Brandt, Andrea Comastri, Roberto Gilli, Rob J. Ivison, Giorgio Lanzuisi, Bret D. Lehmer, Ivan E. Lopez, Paolo Tozzi, Cristian Vignali
Protoclusters at $z>2$ are gas-rich regions characterized by high star-formation activity. The same physical properties that enhance star formation in protoclusters are also thought to boost the growth of SMBHs. We aim to test this scenario by probing the AGN content of SPT2349-56, a massive, gas-rich, and highly star-forming protocluster core at $z=4.3$ discovered as an overdensity of DSFGs, via Chandra (200 ks) observations, and comparing the results with the field environment. We detected two protocluster members, corresponding to an AGN fraction among DSFGs of $\approx10\%$. This value is consistent with other protoclusters at $z=2-4$, but higher than the AGN incidence among DSFGs in the field environment. Both AGN are heavily obscured sources and hosted in star-forming galaxies with $\approx3\times10^{10}\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$ stellar masses. We estimate that the ISM in the host galaxies can contribute significantly to the nuclear obscuration. One of the two AGN is highly luminous ($L_X=2\times10^{45}\,\mathrm{erg\,s^{-1}}$) and Compton-thick ($N_H=2\times10^{24}\,\mathrm{cm^{-2}}$), and likely powered by a $M_{BH}>6\times10^8\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$ SMBH. Its high accretion rate suggests that it is in the phase of efficient growth required to explain the presence of extremely massive SMBHs in the centers of local galaxy clusters. Considering SPT2349-56 and DRC, a similar protocuster at $z=4$, we find that gas-rich protocluster cores at $z\approx4$ enhance the triggering of luminous (log$\frac{L_X}{\mathrm{erg\,s^{-1}}}=45-46$) AGN by 3-5 orders of magnitude with respect to the field environment. Our results indicate that gas-rich protoclusters at high redshift boost the growth of SMBHs, which will likely impact the subsequent evolution of the structures, and thus represent key science targets to obtain a complete understanding of the relation between environment and galaxy evolution.
Exploring the AGN population in protoclusters: results from the TNG300 simulation and comparison with observations
Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio (OAS)(意大利国家天体物理研究所(INAF)- 天体物理学与空间科学天文台(OAS));Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie(马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所);Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik(马克斯·普朗克天体物理学研究所);Università di Bologna(博洛尼亚大学)
Strong environmental AGN enhancement among DSFGs in z > 2 protoclusters
University of Bologna(博洛尼亚大学);INAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio(意大利国家天体物理研究所-天文与空间科学观测站);Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis(加州大学戴维斯分校物理与天文学系);IFPU – Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe(宇宙基础物理研究所);Scuola Internazionale Superiore Studi Avanzati (SISSA)(国际高等研究院);Gemini Observatory, NSF NOIRLab(吉米尼天文台,美国国家光学红外天文研究实验室);Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, Univers(阿根德纳天文学研究所,大学)
Accelerated galaxy growth and environmental quenching in a protocluster at z=3.24
我们提出了一个多波长的研究星系D4 UD 01,光谱证实的原星系团在z = 3.24调查环境的趋势。根据Ks波段测光红移(photo-z)为3.0 < z < 3.4的观测结果,选取了450个星系,其中约12%为静止星系。静止星系是整个样本中质量最大、最红的星系之一。我们确定了一个大的photo-z星系在外地,这是接近以前光谱证实的来源的原星系团。我们发现,静止的星系主要集中在过密的原星系团区域具有较高的静止分数,显示出环境淬火的迹象。在恒星质量函数中,原星系团中的星系团形成的速度比场的对应物要快,这表明在过密区域有早期和加速的质量组装。虽然在原星团中发现了恒星形成受到抑制的微弱证据,但统计数据还不足以得出明确的结论。我们的工作揭示了当宇宙只有2 Gyr时,大质量星系的形成是如何在原星系团的致密区域受到影响的。
JWST reveals extended stellar disks for ALMA-bright dusty star-forming galaxies in the Spiderweb protocluster
Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院紫金山天文台);University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学);Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC)(加那利天体物理研究所);Universidad de La Laguna(拉各拉纳大学);National Astronomical Observatory of Japan(日本国立天文台);Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)(综合研究大学院大学);Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交通大学);INAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte(意大利国家天体物理研究所卡波迪蒙特天文台)
Association of cold gas, massive galaxies, and AGNs in a filamentary protocluster traced by triple narrow-band imaging
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(日本宇宙航空研究开发机构);Tohoku University(东北大学);National Astronomical Observatory of Japan(日本国立天文台);The University of Tokyo(东京大学);California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);Nagoya University(名古屋大学);Waseda University(早稻田大学);Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(加那利天体物理研究所);Universidad de La Laguna(拉各拉纳大学);Kwansei Gakuin University(关西学院大学);University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee(威斯康星大学密尔沃基分校);Seoul National University(首尔大学)
Deep X-ray View of a Distant Protocluster Anchored by a Quasar at $z=6.63$: No Evidence for Enhanced X-ray AGN Activity
Peking University(北京大学);Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University(北京大学科维理天文与天体物理研究所);Nanjing University(南京大学);University of Michigan(密歇根大学)
Spider-Webb: enhanced star formation in low-mass galaxies within the Spiderweb protocluster revealed by JWST Pa$β$ narrow-band imaging
Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(日本宇宙航空研究开发机构宇宙科学研究所);Astronomical Institute, Tohoku University(东北大学天文研究所);National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), National Institutes of Natural Sciences(国立天文台(NAOJ),国立自然科学研究所);Waseda Institute for Advanced Study (WIAS), Waseda University(早稻田大学高等研究院(WIAS));Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC)(加那利天体物理学研究所(IAC));Departamento Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna(拉古纳大学天体物理系);Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA(天体生物学中心(CAB),西班牙国家科学技术研究委员会-国家航空航天技术研究所)
A Preferential Growth Channel for Supermassive Black Holes in Elliptical Galaxies at z<2
自$z\sim1$以来椭圆星系中恒星和超大质量黑洞质量的集合可以帮助诊断局部观测到的恒星质量和超大质量黑洞质量之间相关性的起源。因此,我们构建了三个椭圆星系的样本,一个在$z\sim0$和两个在$0.7\lesssim z \lesssim2.5$,并量化它们在$M_{BH}-M_*$平面的相对位置。使用贝叶斯分析框架,我们发现在恒星质量和SMBH质量之间的本地样本和更高的红移样本的平移偏移的证据。恒星质量的偏差很小,与测量偏差一致,但SMBH质量的偏差要大得多,在$z\sim1$和$z\sim0$之间达到7倍。SMBH偏移的幅度也可以取决于红移,在$z\sim 2$处达到$\sim20$的因子。结果是强大的变化,在高和低的红移样品和分析方法的变化。偏移量的大小和红移演化很难用选择和测量偏差来解释。我们的结论是,要么有一个物理机制,优先生长SMBHs在椭圆星系在$z\lesssim 2$,或选择和测量偏差都被低估,并依赖于红移。
The ALMA Survey of Star Formation and Evolution in Massive Protoclusters with Blue Profiles (ASSEMBLE): Core Growth, Cluster Contraction, and Primordial Mass Segregation
The Environmental Switch in Black Hole Feeding: Bar-Driven vs. Merger-Driven Growth in IllustrisTNG50
Indian Institute of Science, Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati(印度科学教育与研究学院提鲁帕蒂分校);Department of Space, Platenary and Astronomical Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur(坎普尔印度理工学院空间、行星与天文学科学与工程系)