arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2203.09260astro-ph.GA
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在z = 2.24的两个大质量原星团中的亚毫米星系:在HAE密度峰外围见证极端星爆的富集

Submillimetre galaxies in two massive protoclusters at z = 2.24: witnessing the enrichment of extreme starbursts in the outskirts of HAE density peaks

Yuheng Zhang, Xian Zhong Zheng, Dong Dong Shi, Yu Gao, Helmut Dannerbauer, Fang Xia An, Xinwen Shu, Zhen-Kai Gao, Wei-Hao Wang, Xin Wang, Zheng Cai, Xiaohui Fan… 展开作者

Yuheng Zhang, Xian Zhong Zheng, Dong Dong Shi, Yu Gao, Helmut Dannerbauer, Fang Xia An, Xinwen Shu, Zhen-Kai Gao, Wei-Hao Wang, Xin Wang, Zheng Cai, Xiaohui Fan, Min Fang, Zhizheng Pan, Wenhao Liu, Qinghua Tan, Jianbo Qin, Jian Ren, Man Qiao, Run Wen, Shuang Liu

摘要:

亚毫米星系代表了恒星形成和大质量星系的快速增长阶段。绘制星系原星团中的SMG提供了关键的见解,这些极端的恒星爆发在哪里以及如何发生,与早期宇宙中大尺度结构的组装有关。我们使用JCMT/SCUBA-2在$z=2.24$的两个大规模原星系团BOSS 1244和BOSS 1542中搜索850 $\,μm$处的SMG,并在$^2$的264 $\,$ arcmin的有效区域内分别在$4σ$水平上检测到43个和54个具有$S_{850}>4\,$ mJy的源。我们构造了内禀数计数,发现SMG的丰度是一般场的$2.0\pm0.3$和$2.1\pm0.2$倍,证实了BOSS 1244和BOSS 1542包含更高比例的具有强烈增强的恒星形成的尘埃星系。SMG的体积密度估计为平均值的$\sim15-$ 30倍,明显高于H $α$发射线星系(HAE)追踪的过密度因子($\sim 6$)。更重要的是,我们发现这两个原星系团中两个种群的空间分布之间存在显著的偏移-SMG大多位于HAE的高密度区域周围,很少在这些区域内看到。这一发现可能首次揭示了在HAE密度峰值外围发生的剧烈恒星形成增强,可能是由气体供应和/或恒星爆发触发事件的推动。与此同时,在$z\sim2$最密集的区域内缺乏SMG意味着过渡到不利于极端星爆的环境。

英文摘要:

Submillimetre galaxies represent a rapid growth phase of both star formation and massive galaxies. Mapping SMGs in galaxy protoclusters provides key insights into where and how these extreme starbursts take place in connections with the assembly of the large-scale structure in the early Universe. We search for SMGs at 850$\,μm$ using JCMT/SCUBA-2 in two massive protoclusters at $z=2.24$, BOSS1244 and BOSS1542, and detect 43 and 54 sources with $S_{850}>4\,$mJy at the $4σ$ level within an effective area of 264$\,$arcmin$^2$, respectively. We construct the intrinsic number counts and find that the abundance of SMGs is $2.0\pm0.3$ and $2.1\pm0.2$ times that of the general fields, confirming that BOSS1244 and BOSS1542 contain a higher fraction of dusty galaxies with strongly enhanced star formation. The volume densities of the SMGs are estimated to be $\sim15-$30 times the average, significantly higher than the overdensity factor ($\sim 6$) traced by H$α$ emission-line galaxies (HAEs). More importantly, we discover a prominent offset between the spatial distributions of the two populations in these two protoclusters -- SMGs are mostly located around the high-density regions of HAEs, and few are seen inside these regions. This finding may have revealed for the first time the occurrence of violent star formation enhancement in the outskirts of the HAE density peaks, likely driven by the boosting of gas supplies and/or starburst triggering events. Meanwhile, the lack of SMGs inside the most overdense regions at $z\sim2$ implies a transition to the environment disfavouring extreme starbursts.

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