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arXiv 2406.12596eess.SP
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超越近场:下行 MIMO 系统中的远场位置分分多址接入

Beyond Near-Field: Far-Field Location Division Multiple Access in Downlink MIMO Systems

Haoyan Liu, Caijian Jie, Min Yang, Chengguang Li

AI总结:

本文提出一种基于 OFDM 和 FDA 的远场位置分分多址接入(LDMA)方案,通过在距离域操控波束并消除导向矢量时变性,显著提升了窄扇区多址接入场景的频谱效率。

摘要:

探索信道维度一直是推动移动通信系统 successive generations 取得突破的驱动力。在 5G 中,利用 massive MIMO 的空分多址接入(SDMA)通过用户的空间区分在增强系统容量方面发挥了关键作用。然而,在超密集网络中,SDMA 只能通过超大规模天线阵列精细区分相邻角度的用户。长期以来,大多数研究集中在空间的角度域,忽略了距离域的潜力。基于近场球面传播模型产生的波束聚焦效应,近场位置分分多址接入(LDMA)被提出,通过角度和距离共同划分信道资源。为了在远场区域实现类似思想,本文为宽带系统引入了一种基于正交频分复用(OFDM)的远场 LDMA 方案。得益于频率分集阵列(FDA),在距离域操控波束成为可能。结合 OFDM,其固有的循环前缀确保能完整接收 OFDM 符号而不丢失距离信息,同时 OFDM 的匹配滤波器有助于消除 FDA 导向矢量的时变性。理论与仿真结果表明,LDMA 能充分利用距离域的额外自由度来显著提升频谱效率,尤其是在窄扇区多址接入(MA)场景中。此外,即使在单径信道中,LDMA 也能保持阵列元素间的独立性,使其在毫米波及更高频段的 MA 方案中脱颖而出。

英文摘要:

Exploring channel dimensions has been the driving force behind breakthroughs in successive generations of mobile communication systems. In 5G, space division multiple access (SDMA) leveraging massive MIMO has been crucial in enhancing system capacity through spatial differentiation of users. However, SDMA can only finely distinguish users at adjacent angles in ultra-dense networks by extremely large-scale antenna arrays. For a long time, most research has focused on the angle domain of the space, overlooking the potential of the distance domain. Near-field location division multiple access (LDMA) was proposed based on the beam-focusing effect yielded by near-field spherical propagation model, partitioning channel resources by both angle and distance. To achieve a similar idea in the far-field region, this paper introduces a far-field LDMA scheme for wideband systems based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Benefiting from frequency diverse arrays (FDA), it becomes possible to manipulate beams in the distance domain. Combined with OFDM, the inherent cyclic prefix ensures a complete OFDM symbol can be received without losing distance information, while the matched filter of OFDM helps eliminate the time-variance of FDA steering vectors. Theoretical and simulation results show that LDMA can fully exploit the additional degrees of freedom in the distance domain to significantly improve spectral efficiency, especially in narrow sector multiple access (MA) scenarios. Moreover, LDMA can maintain independence between array elements even in single-path channels, making it stand out in MA schemes at millimeter-wave and higher frequency bands.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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