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arXiv 2406.01586cs.ROcs.AI
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ManiCM:用于机器人操作的基于一致性模型的实时3D扩散策略

ManiCM: Real-time 3D Diffusion Policy via Consistency Model for Robotic Manipulation

Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University(清华大学深圳国际研究生院,清华大学);Shanghai AI Laboratory(上海人工智能实验室);Nanyang Technological University(南洋理工大学)

Zifeng Gao, Guanxing Lu, Tianxing Chen, Wenxun Dai, Ziwei Wang, Chao Shang, Wenbo Ding, Yansong Tang

AI总结:

该研究提出ManiCM模型,通过一致性约束实现一步推理,在31项机器人操作任务上,推理速度较最优方法提升10倍且保持竞争力。

摘要:

扩散模型已被证实可有效生成从自然图像到运动轨迹的复杂分布。近期基于扩散的方法在3D机器人操作任务中表现出色,但由于需要多次去噪步骤,尤其在高维观测下,存在严重的运行效率问题。为此,我们提出名为ManiCM的实时机器人操作模型,该模型在扩散过程中施加一致性约束,使模型仅需一步推理即可生成机器人动作。具体而言,我们在以点云为条件的机器人动作空间中构建一致扩散过程,要求从ODE轨迹上的任意点直接对原始动作去噪。为建模该过程,我们设计一致性蒸馏技术,直接预测动作样本而非视觉领域中预测噪声,以在低维动作流形中实现快速收敛。我们在Adroit和Metaworld的31项机器人操作任务上评估ManiCM,结果显示,我们的方法在保持有竞争力的平均成功率的同时,平均推理速度较现有最优方法提升10倍。

英文摘要:

Diffusion models have been verified to be effective in generating complex distributions from natural images to motion trajectories. Recent diffusion-based methods show impressive performance in 3D robotic manipulation tasks, whereas they suffer from severe runtime inefficiency due to multiple denoising steps, especially with high-dimensional observations. To this end, we propose a real-time robotic manipulation model named ManiCM that imposes the consistency constraint to the diffusion process, so that the model can generate robot actions in only one-step inference. Specifically, we formulate a consistent diffusion process in the robot action space conditioned on the point cloud input, where the original action is required to be directly denoised from any point along the ODE trajectory. To model this process, we design a consistency distillation technique to predict the action sample directly instead of predicting the noise within the vision community for fast convergence in the low-dimensional action manifold. We evaluate ManiCM on 31 robotic manipulation tasks from Adroit and Metaworld, and the results demonstrate that our approach accelerates the state-of-the-art method by 10 times in average inference speed while maintaining competitive average success rate.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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