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arXiv 2403.08285cond-mat.softcond-mat.stat-mech
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活性颗粒物质中带隙剪切波和类液至类气动力学转变的实验观测

Experimental observation of gapped shear waves and liquid-like to gas-like dynamical crossover in active granular matter

Cunyuan Jiang, Zihan Zheng, Yangrui Chen, Matteo Baggioli, Jie Zhang

AI总结:

本文利用活性布朗振子实验观测了颗粒物质中的$k$-gap现象,发现类液相中存在随堆积分数减小而增大的横波带隙,气相中消失,将$k$-gap概念扩展至活性颗粒系统并揭示其与超临界流体的相似性。

摘要:

与晶体固体不同,液体缺乏长程有序,导致扩散性剪切涨落而非传播波。模拟预测液体在波矢空间中表现出一个$k$-gap,在此间隙之上类固体的横波重新出现。经典液体中的实验证据一直有限,仅在二维尘埃等离子体中被观测到。在这里,我们使用活性布朗振子研究这一现象,并根据堆积分数揭示了明显不同的类气相和类液相。我们测量了关键性质,包括对关联函数、均方位移、速度自关联函数和振动态密度。在类液相中,我们确认了横向激发中的$k$-gap,其大小随着堆积分数的减小而增大,并最终在气相中消失。我们的发现将$k$-gap的概念扩展到活性颗粒系统,并揭示了与超临界流体的显著相似之处。

英文摘要:

Unlike crystalline solids, liquids lack long-range order, resulting in diffusive shear fluctuations rather than propagating waves. Simulations predict that liquids exhibit a $k$-gap in wave-vector space, where solid-like transverse waves reappear above this gap. Experimental evidence in classical liquids has been limited, observed only in 2D dusty plasmas. Here, we investigate this phenomenon using active Brownian vibrators and uncover distinct gas-like and liquid-like phases depending on the packing fraction. We measure key properties, including pair correlation functions, mean square displacements, velocity auto-correlation functions, and vibrational density of states. In the liquid-like phase, we confirm the $k$-gap in transverse excitations, whose size grows as the packing fraction decreases and eventually disappears in the gas phase. Our findings extend the concept of the $k$-gap to active granular systems and reveal striking parallels with supercritical fluids.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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