Correlated 0.01Hz-40Hz seismic and Newtonian noise and its impact on future gravitational-wave detectors
Kamiel Janssens, Guillaume Boileau, Nelson Christensen, Nick van Remortel, Francesca Badaracco, Benjamin Canuel, Alessandro Cardini, Andrea Contu, Michael W. Co… 展开作者
Kamiel Janssens, Guillaume Boileau, Nelson Christensen, Nick van Remortel, Francesca Badaracco, Benjamin Canuel, Alessandro Cardini, Andrea Contu, Michael W. Coughlin, Jean-Baptiste Decitre, Rosario De Rosa, Matteo Di Giovanni, Domenico D'Urso, Stéphane Gaffet, Carlo Giunchi, Jan Harms, Soumen Koley, Valentina Mangano, Luca Naticchioni, Marco Olivieri, Federico Paoletti, Davide Rozza, Dylan O. Sabulsky, Shahar Shani-Kadmiel, Lucia Trozzo
本研究基于四个地下场地的0.01Hz–40Hz地震观测，分析体波相关牛顿噪声对 Einstein Telescope 探测各向同性引力波背景灵敏度的影响。
摘要：
我们报告了在水平间距为数百米至数千米、频率范围为0.01Hz至40Hz的地下地震测量中观测到的相关性。这些地震相关性可能威胁计划中的干涉式引力波探测器（如 Einstein Telescope）以及原子干涉仪（如 MIGA 和 ELGAR）的科学目标。我们使用来自四个不同场地的地震测量数据，即美国原 Homestake 矿、Einstein Telescope 的两个候选场地——意大利 Sos Enattos 和荷兰-比利时-德国边境的 Euregio Maas-Rhein，以及安置 MIGA 探测器的法国 LSBB 场地。在所有场地，我们都在大部分感兴趣的频率区域内，至少50%的时间观测到显著相干性。基于观测到的地震场相关性，我们预测了由体波产生的相关牛顿噪声水平。我们将体波相关牛顿噪声的影响投影到 Einstein Telescope 三角形设计观测各向同性引力波背景（GWB）的能力上，发现即使在最安静的场地，其灵敏度在最高约20Hz的范围内也会受到影响。具有负斜率幂律行为的 GWB 信号的可分辨振幅将降低数个数量级。然而，在低噪声环境下，斜率例如为 α=0（α=2/3）的幂律信号的可分辨性受到的影响较为温和，约为6–9倍（约3–4倍）。此外，我们通过证明瞬态噪声特征对所呈现结果的影响有限，增强了结果的可信度。
英文摘要：
We report correlations in underground seismic measurements with horizontal separations of several hundreds of meters to a few kilometers in the frequency range 0.01Hz to 40Hz. These seismic correlations could threaten science goals of planned interferometric gravitational-wave detectors such as the Einstein Telescope as well as atom interferometers such as MIGA and ELGAR. We use seismic measurements from four different sites, i.e. the former Homestake mine (USA) as well as two candidate sites for the Einstein Telescope, Sos Enattos (IT) and Euregio Maas-Rhein (NL-BE-DE) and the site housing the MIGA detector, LSBB (FR). At all sites, we observe significant coherence for at least 50% of the time in the majority of the frequency region of interest. Based on the observed correlations in the seismic fields, we predict levels of correlated Newtonian noise from body waves. We project the effect of correlated Newtonian noise from body waves on the capabilities of the triangular design of the Einstein Telescope's to observe an isotropic gravitational-wave background (GWB) and find that, even in case of the most quiet site, its sensitivity will be affected up to $\sim$20Hz. The resolvable amplitude of a GWB signal with a negatively sloped power-law behaviour would be reduced by several orders of magnitude. However, the resolvability of a power-law signal with a slope of e.g. $α=0$ ($α=2/3$) would be more moderately affected by a factor $\sim$ 6-9 ($\sim$3-4) in case of a low noise environment. Furthermore, we bolster confidence in our results by showing that transient noise features have a limited impact on the presented results.
The impact of seasonality over the sensitivity of Einstein Telescope and the SNR of CBC signals at the Sardinia candidate site
Scuola Normale Superiore（高等师范学院）；Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare（意大利国家核物理研究所）；Università di Milano Bicocca（米兰比可卡大学）；Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia（意大利国家地球物理与火山学研究所）；Universitá Federico II Napoli（那不勒斯费德里科二世大学）
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National Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines - Diliman（菲律宾大学迪里曼分校国家物理研究所）；Center for High Energy and High Field (CHiP), National Central University（国立中央大学高能高场中心）；Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica（中央研究院物理研究所）；Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Acceleration Research Organization (KEK)（高能加速器研究机构粒子与核研究部）
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National Central University（中央大学）；Center for High Energy and High Field (CHiP), National Central University（国立中央大学高能高场中心）；Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica（中央研究院物理研究所）；Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Acceleration Research Organization (KEK)（高能加速器研究机构粒子核研究部）；National Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines - Diliman（菲律宾大学迪利曼分校国家物理研究所）
The Emergence of Measured Geometry in Self-Gravitating Systems
Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa（里斯本大学理学院空间科学与天体物理研究所）；College Farm, The Town, South Newington, Banbury, OX15 4JG, UK（英国班伯里南纽因顿镇学院农场）；Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa（里斯本大学理学院物理系）
Operational Limits of Gravity-Mediated Entanglement
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；Ningbo University（宁波大学）；Beihua University（北华大学）；Nantong University（南通大学）；Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM)（伊朗基础科学研究所）
