半空间与全空间介质中地震牛顿噪声的相关性建模
Correlation-based Modeling of Seismic Newtonian Noise in Half-Space and Full-Space Media
AI总结：
该研究推导了半空间与全空间介质中瑞利波和体波的重力弹性相关张量，验证了数值积分框架，为引力波探测器牛顿噪声建模与传感器阵列设计提供了统一工具。
AI中文摘要：
地震牛顿噪声由环境地震活动对探测器测试质量产生的波动引力引起，是爱因斯坦望远镜等低频引力波天文台的基础灵敏度极限。有效抑制牛顿噪声需要详细了解测试质量处牛顿加速度扰动与周围传感器阵列测量的地震位移场之间的统计相关性。本工作推导了重力弹性相关张量（牛顿加速度扰动与地震位移场的互相关），并针对半空间和全空间介质中的瑞利波与体波进行了数值验证，考虑了位于地面上方和下方、带有与不带有球形空腔的测试质量。解析解为验证笛卡尔数值积分框架提供了精确与渐近基准，该框架在瑞利波和体波模型中重现了相应的重力弹性张量，为未来引力波探测器中的牛顿噪声建模与传感器阵列设计建立了统一工具。
英文摘要：
Seismic Newtonian noise, arising from fluctuating gravitational forces on detector test masses due to ambient seismic activity, represents a fundamental sensitivity limit for low-frequency gravitational-wave observatories such as the Einstein Telescope. Effective mitigation of Newtonian noise requires detailed knowledge of the statistical correlations between the Newtonian acceleration perturbation at the test mass and the seismic displacement field measured by surrounding sensor arrays. In this work, the gravitoelastic correlation tensors (the cross-correlations between the Newtonian acceleration perturbation and the seismic displacement field) are derived and numerically validated for Rayleigh waves and body waves in half-space and full-space media, considering test masses located above and below ground, with and without a spherical cavity. The analytical solutions provide exact and asymptotic benchmarks for validating a Cartesian numerical integration framework, which reproduces the corresponding gravitoelastic tensors across Rayleigh-wave and body-wave models, establishing a unified tool for Newtonian-noise modeling and sensor-array design in future gravitational-wave detectors.
