MUSE-ALMA Haloes X: The stellar masses of gas-rich absorbing galaxies
Ramona Augustin, Céline Péroux, Arjun Karki, Varsha Kulkarni, Simon Weng, A. Hamanowicz, M. Hayes, J. C. Howk, G. G. Kacprzak, A. Klitsch, M. A. Zwaan, A. Fox, … 展开作者
Ramona Augustin, Céline Péroux, Arjun Karki, Varsha Kulkarni, Simon Weng, A. Hamanowicz, M. Hayes, J. C. Howk, G. G. Kacprzak, A. Klitsch, M. A. Zwaan, A. Fox, A. Biggs, A. Y. Fresco, S. Kassin, H. Kuntschner
The physical processes by which gas is accreted onto galaxies, transformed into stars and then expelled from galaxies are of paramount importance to galaxy evolution studies. Observationally constraining each of these baryonic components in the same systems however, is challenging. Furthermore, simulations indicate that the stellar mass of galaxies is a key factor influencing CGM properties. Indeed, absorption lines detected against background quasars offer the most compelling way to study the cold gas in the circumgalactic medium (CGM). The MUSE-ALMA Haloes survey is composed of quasar fields covered with VLT/MUSE observations, comprising 32 \ion{H}{i} absorbers at 0.2 $<$ $z$ $<$ 1.4 and 79 associated galaxies, with available or upcoming molecular gas measurements from ALMA. We use a dedicated 40-orbit HST UVIS and IR WFC3 broad-band imaging campaign to characterise the stellar content of these galaxies. By fitting their spectral energy distribution, we establish they probe a wide range of stellar masses: 8.1 $<$ log($M_*$/M$_{\odot}$) $<$ 12.4. Given their star-formation rates, most of these objects lie on the main sequence of galaxies. We also confirm a previously reported anti-correlation between the stellar masses and CGM hydrogen column density N(\ion{H}{i}), indicating an evolutionary trend where higher mass galaxies are less likely to host large amounts of \ion{H}{i} gas in their immediate vicinity up to 120 kpc. Together with other studies from the MUSE-ALMA Haloes survey, these data provide stellar masses of absorber hosts, a key component of galaxy formation and evolution, and observational constraints on the relation between galaxies and their surrounding medium.
The gas cycling in the circumgalactic regions of galaxies is known to be multi-phase. The MUSE-ALMA Haloes survey gathers a large multi-wavelength observational sample of absorption and emission data with the goal to significantly advance our understanding of the physical properties of such CGM gas. A key component of the MUSE-ALMA Haloes survey is the multi-facility observational campaign conducted with VLT/MUSE, ALMA and HST. MUSE-ALMA Haloes targets comprise 19 VLT/MUSE IFS quasar fields, including 32 $z_{\rm abs}<$0.85 strong absorbers with measured N$_{HI}$ $\geq 10^{18}$ cm$^{\rm -2}$ fr…
We report the detection of extended Ly alpha emission around individual star-forming galaxies at redshifts z = 3-6 in an ultradeep exposure of the Hubble Deep Field South obtained with MUSE on the ESO-VLT. The data reach a limiting surface brightness (1sigma) of ~1 x 10^-19 erg s^-1 cm^-2 arcsec^-2 in azimuthally averaged radial profiles, an order of magnitude improvement over previous narrowband imaging. Our sample consists of 26 spectroscopically confirmed Ly alpha-emitting, but mostly continuum-faint (m_AB >~ 27) galaxies. In most objects the Ly alpha emission is considerably more extended …
We present the Lensed Lyman-Alpha MUSE Arcs Sample (LLAMAS) selected from MUSE and HST observations of 17 lensing clusters. The sample consists of 603 continuum-faint (-23<M_UV<-14) lensed Lyman-alpha emitters (producing 959 images) with spectroscopic redshifts between 2.9 and 6.7. Combining the power of cluster magnification with 3D spectroscopic observations, we are able to reveal the resolved morphological properties of 268 Lyman-alpha emitters. We use a forward modelling approach to model both Lyman-alpha and rest-frame UV continuum emission profiles in the source plane and measure spatial…
The distribution of gas and metals in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) plays a critical role in how galaxies evolve. The MUSE-ALMA Halos survey combines MUSE, ALMA and HST observations to constrain the properties of the multi-phase gas in the CGM and the galaxies associated with the gas probed in absorption. In this paper, we analyse the properties of galaxies associated with 32 strong \ion{H}{i} Ly-$α$ absorbers at redshift $0.2 \lesssim z \lesssim 1.4$. We detect 79 galaxies within $\pm 500$ \kms \!of the absorbers in our 19 MUSE fields. These associated galaxies are found at physical distanc…
We report the detection of extended Lyman-alpha (Lya) haloes around 145 individual star-forming galaxies at redshifts 3<z<6 in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field observed with the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer at ESO-VLT. Our sample consists of continuum-faint (-15> M_{UV}> -22) Lya emitters (LAEs). Using a 2D, two-component decomposition of Lya emission assuming circular exponential distributions, we measure scale lengths and luminosities of Lya haloes. We find that 80% of our objects having reliable Lya halo measurements show Lya emission that is significantly more extended than the UV continuu…
We present spatially resolved maps of six individually-detected Lyman alpha haloes (LAHs) as well as a first statistical analysis of the Lyman alpha (Lya) spectral signature in the circum-galactic medium of high-redshift star-forming galaxies using MUSE. Our resolved spectroscopic analysis of the LAHs reveals significant intrahalo variations of the Lya line profile. Using a three-dimensional two-component model for the Lya emission, we measure the full width at half maximum (FWHM), the peak velocity shift and the asymmetry of the Lya line in the core and in the halo of 19 galaxies. We find tha…
Using the MEGAFLOW survey, which consists of a combination of MUSE and UVES observations of 22 quasar fields selected to contain strong MgII absorbers, we measure covering fractions of CIV and MgII as a function of impact parameter $b$ using a novel Bayesian logistic regression method on unbinned data, appropriate for small samples. We also analyse how the CIV and MgII covering fractions evolve with redshift. In the MUSE data, we found 215 $z=1-1.5$ [OII] emitters with fluxes $>10^{-17}$ erg\,s$^{-1}$\,cm$^{-2}$ and within 250 kpc of quasar sight-lines. Over this redshift path $z=1-1.5$, we ha…
MUSE-ALMA Haloes XIII. Molecular gas in $z \sim 0.5$ HI-selected galaxies
European Southern Observatory（欧洲南方天文台）；Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, LAM, (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille)（艾克斯-马赛大学、法国国家科学研究中心、天体物理学实验室）；Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE)（马克斯·普朗克地外物理研究所）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina（南卡罗来纳大学物理与天文学系）；Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik（马克斯·普朗克天体物理研究所）；Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology（斯威本科技大学天体物理学与超级计算中心）；CSIRO Space & Astronomy（CSIRO空间与天文部）
MUSE-ALMA Haloes XIV: The ALMA Large Programme Data Release
European Southern Observatory（欧洲南方天文台）；Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE)（马克斯·普朗克地外物理研究所（MPE））；Swinburne University of Technology（斯威本科技大学）；CSIRO Space and Astronomy（CSIRO空间与天文学部）；Aix Marseille Univ.（艾克斯-马赛大学）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille（马赛天体物理实验室）；Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP)（莱布尼茨波茨坦天体物理研究所（AIP））；Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik (MPA)（马克斯·普朗克天体物理研究所（MPA））；Observatoire Astronomique de Strasbourg（斯特拉斯堡天文台）
We present a study of the environment of 27 z=3-4.5 bright quasars from the MUSE Analysis of Gas around Galaxies (MAGG) survey. With medium-depth MUSE observations (4 hours on target per field), we characterise the effects of quasars on their surroundings by studying simultaneously the properties of extended gas nebulae and Lyalpha emitters (LAEs) in the quasar host haloes. We detect extended (up to ~ 100 kpc) Lyalpha emission around all MAGG quasars, finding a very weak redshift evolution between z=3 and z=6. By stacking the MUSE datacubes, we confidently detect extended emission of CIV and o…
MUSE-ALMA Haloes XVI: a census of the condensed baryons in z~0.5 HI absorption-selected galaxies
European Southern Observatory（欧洲南方天文台）；Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology（斯威本科技大学天体物理与超级计算中心）；CSIRO Space & Astronomy（CSIRO空间与天文学部）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik（马克斯·普朗克地外物理研究所）；Stockholm University（斯德哥尔摩大学）；Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge（剑桥大学卡弗里宇宙学研究所）；Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge（剑桥大学卡文迪许实验室）
Hydrogen Ly$α$ haloes (LAHs) are commonly used as a tracer of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) at high redshifts. In this work, we aim to explore the existence of Ly$α$ haloes around individual UV-selected galaxies, rather than around Ly$α$ emitters (LAEs), at high redshifts. Our sample was continuum-selected with F775W<=27.5, and spectroscopic redshifts were assigned or constrained for all the sources thanks to the deepest (100- to 140-hour) existing Very Large Telescope (VLT)/Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) data with adaptive optics. The final sample includes 21 galaxies that are pur…
MUSE-ALMA Haloes XV: Cold molecular, ionised, and stellar kinematics of HI-rich galaxies at z $\sim$ 0.5
Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik（马克斯·普朗克地外物理研究所）；European Southern Observatory（欧洲南方天文台）；Aix Marseille Univ.（艾克斯-马赛大学）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille（马赛天体物理实验室）；Stockholm University（斯德哥尔摩大学）；Swinburne University of Technology（斯威本科技大学）；CSIRO Space & Astronomy（CSIRO空间与天文学部）；Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP)（莱布尼茨波茨坦天体物理研究所（AIP））
利用 ALMA CO、MUSE 电离气体和恒星数据，研究 z~0.5 六个星系的运动学，发现盘状星系速度弥散较高，暗物质分数约 0.42，支持边缘稳定盘模型。
We have used the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) to study the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of a z = 2.92 radio galaxy, MRC 0943-242 by parametrising its emitting and absorbing gas. In both Ly$α$ $λ$1216 and He II $λ$1640 lines, we observe emission with velocity shifts of $Δv \simeq-1000$ km s$^{-1}$ from the systemic redshift of the galaxy. These blueshifted components represent kinematically perturbed gas that is aligned with the radio axis, which we interpret as jet-driven outflows. Three of the four known Ly$α$ absorbers are detected at the same velocity as C IV $λ\lambda1548,1551$ …
We present results of the MUSE-ALMA Halos, an ongoing study of the Circum-Galactic Medium (CGM) of low redshift galaxies (z < 1.4), currently comprising 14 strong HI absorbers in five quasar fields. We detect 43 galaxies associated with absorbers down to star formation rate (SFR) limits of 0.01-0.1 solar masses/yr, found within impact parameters (b) of 250 kpc from the quasar sightline. Excluding the targeted absorbers, we report a high detection rate of 89 per cent and find that most absorption systems are associated with pairs or groups of galaxies (three to eleven members). We note that gal…
The Fornax cluster provides a uniquely compact laboratory to study the detailed history of early-type galaxies and the role played by environment in driving their evolution and their transformation from late-type galaxies. Using the superb capabilities of the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer on the Very Large Telescope, high-quality integral-field spectroscopic data were obtained for the inner regions of all the bright ($m_B\leq15$) galaxies within the virial radius of Fornax. The stellar haloes of early-type galaxies are also covered out to about four effective radii. State-of-the-art stella…
In this paper we present Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) integral field unit spectroscopic observations of the $\sim70\times30$ kpc$^2$ Ly$α$ halo around the radio galaxy 4C04.11 at $z = 4.5077$. High-redshift radio galaxies (HzRGs) are hosted by some of the most massive galaxies known at any redshift and are unique markers of concomitant powerful active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity and star formation episodes. We map the emission and kinematics of the Ly$α$ across the halo as well as the kinematics and column densities of eight HI absorbing systems at $-3500 < Δv < 0$ km s$^{-1}$.…
We investigate the baryon content of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) within the virial radius of $M_h \sim 10^{12} \; M_\odot$ haloes at z ~ 3, by modelling the surface brightness profile of the giant Ly$α$ nebulae recently discovered by MUSE around bright QSOs at this redshift. We initially assume fluorescent emission from cold photo-ionized gas confined by the pressure of a hot halo. Acceptable CGM baryon fractions (equal or smaller than the cosmological value) require that the cold gas occupies $\lesssim$ 1% of the volume, but is about as massive as the hot gas. CGM baryon fractions as low …
We present the goals, design, and first results of the MUSE Ultra Deep Field (MUDF) survey, a large programme using the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) instrument at the ESO Very Large Telescope. The MUDF survey is collecting ~ 150 hours on-source of integral field optical spectroscopy in a 1.5 x 1.2 square arcmin region which hosts several astrophysical structures along the line of sight, including two bright z ~ 3.2 quasars with close separation (~ 500 kpc). Following the description of the data reduction procedures, we present the analysis of the galaxy environment and gaseous prop…
We present a new strategy for fitting the structure and kinematics of the HI in edge-on galaxies using a fit to the terminal-velocity channel maps of a HI data cube. The strategy can deal with self-absorbing HI gas and the presence of warps. The method is first tested on a series of models. We demonstrate that fitting optically thin models to real galaxies will lead to an overestimation of the thickness and velocity dispersion, and to a serious underestimation of the HI face-on column densities. We subsequently fit both self-absorption and optically thin models to the HI data of six edge-on ga…
We present a study of the metal-enriched cool halo gas traced by MgII absorption around 228 galaxies at z~0.8-1.5 within 28 quasar fields from the MUSE Analysis of Gas around Galaxies (MAGG) survey. We observe no significant evolution in the MgII equivalent width versus impact parameter relation and in the MgII covering fraction compared to surveys at z<~0.5. The stellar mass, along with distance from galaxy centre, appears to be the dominant factor influencing the MgII absorption around galaxies. With a sample that is 90% complete down to a star formation rate of ~0.1 Msun/yr and up to impact…
High redshift quasars can be used to trace the early growth of massive galaxies and may be triggered by galaxy-galaxy interactions. We present MUSE science verification data on one such interacting system consisting of the well-studied z=3.2 PKS1614+051 quasar, its AGN companion galaxy and bridge of material radiating in Lyalpha between the quasar and its companion. We find a total of four companion galaxies (at least two galaxies are new discoveries), three of which reside within the likely virial radius of the quasar host, suggesting that the system will evolve into a massive elliptical gala…
[Abridged] Aims. The lowest-mass galaxies, ultra-faint dwarf galaxies, promise unparalleled constraints on how feedback regulates galaxy formation, and on the small-scale matter power spectrum. Their inner dark-matter densities can also be used to constrain dark-matter models. In this paper, we present 201 new stellar line-of-sight velocities from the MUSE-Faint survey for the (ultra-)faint dwarf galaxies Antlia B, Leo T, Hydra II, and Grus 1. Combining these with literature data, we obtain the tightest constraints to date on their dark-matter halo masses and inner dark-matter densities. Metho…
In the previous papers in this series, we have measured the stellar and \hi content in a sample of edge-on galaxies. In the present paper, we perform a simultaneous rotation curve and vertical force field gradient decomposition for five of these edge-on galaxies. The rotation curve decomposition provides a measure of the radial dark matter potential, while the vertical force field gradient provide a measure of the vertical dark matter potential. We fit dark matter halo models to these potentials. Using our \hi self-absorption results, we find that a typical dark matter halo has a less dense co…
MUSE-DARK IV. Comparing Dark Matter Densities to Star Formation Histories in 375 intermediate-z galaxies
Université Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, CRAL（里昂第一大学，巴黎高等师范学院里昂分校，法国国家科学研究中心，里昂银河系与天体物理实验室）；Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP)（波茨坦莱布尼茨天体物理研究所）；Univ. de Strasbourg, CNRS, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg（斯特拉斯堡大学，法国国家科学研究中心，斯特拉斯堡天文台）；Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation, University of Portsmouth（朴茨茅斯大学宇宙学与引力研究所）
We present new MUSE observations of quasar field Q2131-1207 with a log N(HI)=19.50+/-0.15 sub-DLA at z_abs=0.42980. We detect four galaxies at a redshift consistent with that of the absorber where only one was known before this study. Two of these are star forming galaxies, while the ones further away from the quasar (>140 kpc) are passive galaxies. We report the metallicities of the HII regions of the closest objects (12+log(O/H)=8.98+/-0.02 and 8.32+/-0.16) to be higher or equivalent within the errors to the metallicity measured in absorption in the neutral phase of the gas (8.15+/-0.20). Fo…
We present the results from the search for Lyman Alpha emitters (LAEs) in the proximity of 11 CIV absorption systems at $z > 4.7$ in the spectrum of the QSO J1030+0524, using data from MUSE. We have found multiple LAE candidates close to four CIV systems at $z_{CIV} = 4.94$-5.74 with log$_{10}$(N CIV[cm$^{-2}$])$ > 13.5.$ At z = 5-6, CIV systems with W0(CIV) $> 0.2$ Å seem more likely to have galaxies with Ly$α$ emission within $ρ< 200$ proper kpc (4/5 cases), than the CIV systems with W0(CIV)$ < 0.2$ Å (0/6 cases). The impact parameter of LAE-CIV systems with equivalent widths W0(CIV)$ > 0.5 …
Information on the star-formation histories of cD galaxies and their extended stellar haloes lie in their spectra. Therefore, to determine whether these structures evolved together or through a two-phase formation, we need to spectroscopically separate the light from each component. We present a pilot study to use BUDDI to fit and extract the spectra of the cD galaxy NGC 3311 and its halo in an Integral Field Spectroscopy datacube, and carry out a simple stellar populations analysis to study their star-formation histories. Using MUSE data, we were able to isolate the light of the galaxy and it…
We present an analysis of the galaxy environment and physical properties of a partial Lyman limit system at z = 0.83718 with HI and metal line components closely separated in redshift space ($|Δv| \approx 400$ km/s) towards the background quasar HE1003+0149. The HST/COS far-ultraviolet spectrum provides coverage of lines of oxygen ions from OI to OV. Comparison of observed spectral lines with synthetic profiles generated from Bayesian ionization modeling reveals the presence of two distinct gas phases in the absorbing medium. The low-ionization phase of the absorber has sub-solar metallicities…
