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arXiv 2409.01645astro-ph.GA
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一对星系周际环境中具有 O VI 的莱曼极限系统

Lyman Limit System with O VI in the Circumgalactic Environment of a Pair of Galaxies

Dheerajkumar Khonde, Purvi Udhwani, Anand Narayanan, Sowgat Muzahid, Vikram Khaire, Martin Wendt

AI总结:

本文通过分析类星体背景下的多相莱曼极限系统,结合 VLT/MUSE 观测发现吸收气体位于一对邻近星系的联合晕环境中,揭示了冷相与暖热相混合的高速气体特征。

摘要:

我们报告了对背景类星体 FBQS J0209-0438 视线方向上红移 z=0.39047 处一个多相莱曼极限系统(LLS)的分析。与该吸收体相关的 O VI 双线具有与低电离金属线和 H I 不同的谱线轮廓。Lyα 具有一个非常宽的 H I(b ≈ 150 km s⁻¹)成分,与其中一个 O VI 成分很好地对齐。宽 H I 和 O VI 的多普勒 b 参数表明气体温度为 T = (0.8–2.0)×10⁶ K,其总氢柱密度比产生该 LLS 的较冷气体相高出一个数量级。VLT/MUSE 的观测显示,在吸收体周围 ρ ≲ 105 kpc 且 |Δv| ≲ 130 km s⁻¹ 范围内存在两个中等恒星形成星系,其中一个为矮星系(M* ≈ 10⁶ M⊙),与类星体 PSF 重叠;另一个为较大的星系(R₁/₂ ≈ 4 kpc),其 M* ≈ 3×10¹⁰ M⊙,M_h ≈ 7×10¹¹ M⊙,且该矮星系位于其维里半径之内。尽管吸收与大星系的延展长轴方向对齐,但吸收气体的视线速度与共转吸积不一致。推断出的该 LLS 的金属丰度低于这两个星系的气体相 [O/H]。吸收气体中冷相与暖/热气体相的混合,以及其与星系对的邻近性和取向,表明该 LLS 是处于两个星系联合晕环境中的高速气体。

英文摘要:

We report on the analysis of a multiphase Lyman limit system (LLS) at $z=0.39047$ identified towards the background quasar FBQS J0209-0438. The O VI doublet lines associated with this absorber have a different profile from the low ionization metals and the H I. The Ly$α$ has a very broad H I ($b \approx 150$ km s$^{-1}$) component well-aligned with one of the O VI components. The Doppler $b$-parameters for the broad H I and O VI indicate gas with $T= (0.8-2.0)\times 10^6$ K, and a total hydrogen column density that is an order of magnitude larger than the cooler phase of gas responsible for the LLS. Observations by VLT/MUSE show two moderately star-forming galaxies within $ρ\lesssim 105$ kpc, and $|Δv|\lesssim 130$ km s$^{-1}$ of the absorber, one of them a dwarf galaxy ($M_*\approx 10^6$ M$_\odot$) overlapping with the quasar PSF, and the other a larger galaxy ($R_{1/2}\approx 4$ kpc) with $M_*\approx 3\times 10^{10}$ M$_\odot$ and $M_h\approx 7\times 10^{11}$ M$_\odot$, and the dwarf galaxy within its virial radius. Though the absorption is aligned with the extended major axis of the larger galaxy, the line-of-sight velocity of the absorbing gas is inconsistent with corotating accretion. The metallicity inferred for the LLS is lower than the gas phase [O/H] of the two galaxies. The mixture of cool and warm/hot gas phases for the absorbing gas and its proximity and orientation to the galaxy pair points to the LLS being a high-velocity gas in the combined halo environment of both galaxies.

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