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arXiv 2311.00532math.DS
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光滑Koopman特征函数

Smooth Koopman eigenfunctions

Suddhasattwa Das

AI总结:

本文研究遍历系统中光滑Koopman特征函数的存在条件,证明在一般假设下只有斜积动力学这类原型系统能同时具有光滑的$L^2$特征函数,并利用光滑特征函数构造变量变换以刻画弱混合分量。

摘要:

任何动力系统,无论是由微分方程生成还是由流形上的变换映射生成,都会在函数空间上诱导出动力学。函数空间的选择可能不同,但诱导出的动力学始终是线性的,并由Koopman算子加以编码。Koopman算子的特征函数在动力学研究中具有极其重要的意义。它们清晰地区分了动力学的混合分量与非混合分量,并且还能揭示嵌入的环面旋转。通常选择的函数空间是$L^2$,即一类平方可积函数。$L^2$中特征函数的一个根本问题是它们往往极度不连续,尤其是在系统具有混沌性时。存在一些被称为斜积动力学的原型系统,其中$L^2$ Koopman特征函数同时也是光滑的。本文证明,在对遍历系统的一般假设下,这些原型例子是唯一可能的情形。此外,光滑特征函数可用于构造变量变换,从而也能明确刻画弱混合分量。

英文摘要:

Any dynamical system, whether it is generated by a differential equation or a transformation map on a manifold, induces a dynamics on functional-spaces. The choice of functional-space may vary, but the induced dynamics is always linear, and codified by the Koopman operator. The eigenfunctions of the Koopman operator are of extreme importance in the study of the dynamics. They provide a clear distinction between the mixing and non-mixing components of the dynamics, and also reveal embedded toral rotations. The usual choice of functional-space is $L^2$, a class of square integrable functions. A fundamental problem with eigenfunctions in $L^2$ is that they are often extremely discontinuous, particularly if the system is chaotic. There are some prototypical systems called skew-product dynamics in which $L^2$ Koopman eigenfunctions are also smooth. The article shows that under general assumptions on an ergodic system, these prototypical examples are the only possibility. Moreover, the smooth eigenfunctions can be used to create a change of variables which explicitly characterizes the weakly mixing component too.

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