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arXiv 2310.01347quant-phcs.CC
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低能态需要Ω(n)个T门的哈密顿量

Hamiltonians whose low-energy states require $Ω(n)$ T gates

Nolan J. Coble, Matthew Coudron, Jon Nelson, Seyed Sajjad Nezhadi

AI总结:

本文构造了低能态需要Ω(n)个T门来制备的局域哈密顿量,通过定义“伪稳定子”性质并建立T门数与能量下界的关系,显著推进了NLSS猜想和量子PCP猜想的先决条件研究。

摘要:

最近NLTS猜想的解决[ABN22]通过新颖地使用新构造的QLDPC码[LZ22],为量子PCP(QPCP)猜想确立了一个先决条件。即使NLTS现已解决,QPCP猜想仍有许多独立且未解决的先决条件,例如[GL22]的NLSS猜想。在这项工作中,我们关注NLSS和QPCP猜想的一个具体且自然的先决条件,即存在这样的局域哈密顿量:其所有低能态都需要ω(log n)个T门来制备。事实上,我们证明了一个更强的结果,该结果未必由任一猜想推出:我们构造了其低能态需要Ω(n)个T门的局域哈密顿量。我们进一步证明,我们的方法可以应用于[ABN22]的NLTS哈密顿量,以得到其低能态同时需要Ω(log n)深度和Ω(n)个T门来制备的局域哈密顿量。为了实现这一点,我们针对每个局域哈密顿量项定义了一个态的“伪稳定子”性质,并证明了在该态为伪稳定子的每一项处都有一个加性的局域能量下界。通过证明制备一个态所需的T门数量与该态为伪稳定子的项数之间的关系,我们能够给出一个常数能量下界,该下界适用于T计数小于c·n(对于某个固定正常数c)的任何态。这一结果相比[CCNN23]是一个显著改进,在[CCNN23]中我们使用了一种不同的技术来给出一个能量下界,该下界仅区分稳定子态和需要非零数量T门的态。

英文摘要:

The recent resolution of the NLTS Conjecture [ABN22] establishes a prerequisite to the Quantum PCP (QPCP) Conjecture through a novel use of newly-constructed QLDPC codes [LZ22]. Even with NLTS now solved, there remain many independent and unresolved prerequisites to the QPCP Conjecture, such as the NLSS Conjecture of [GL22]. In this work we focus on a specific and natural prerequisite to both NLSS and the QPCP Conjecture, namely, the existence of local Hamiltonians whose low-energy states all require $ω(\log n)$ T gates to prepare. In fact, we prove a stronger result which is not necessarily implied by either conjecture: we construct local Hamiltonians whose low-energy states require $Ω(n)$ T gates. We further show that our procedure can be applied to the NLTS Hamiltonians of [ABN22] to yield local Hamiltonians whose low-energy states require both $Ω(\log n)$-depth and $Ω(n)$ T gates to prepare. In order to accomplish this we define a "pseudo-stabilizer" property of a state with respect to each local Hamiltonian term, and prove an additive local energy lower bound for each term at which the state is pseudo-stabilizer. By proving a relationship between the number of T gates preparing a state and the number of terms at which the state is pseudo-stabilizer, we are able to give a constant energy lower bound which applies to any state with T-count less than $c \cdot n$ for some fixed positive constant $c$. This result represents a significant improvement over [CCNN23] where we used a different technique to give an energy bound which only distinguishes between stabilizer states and states which require a non-zero number of T gates.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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