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JWST的PEARLS:MACS J0416.1-2403 场中的暂现源

JWST's PEARLS: Transients in the MACS J0416.1-2403 Field

Haojing Yan, Zhiyuan Ma, Bangzheng Sun, Lifan Wang, Patrick Kelly, Jose M. Diego, Seth H. Cohen, Rogier A. Windhorst, Rolf A. Jansen, Norman A. Grogin, John F. … 展开作者

Haojing Yan, Zhiyuan Ma, Bangzheng Sun, Lifan Wang, Patrick Kelly, Jose M. Diego, Seth H. Cohen, Rogier A. Windhorst, Rolf A. Jansen, Norman A. Grogin, John F. Beacom, Christopher J. Conselice, Simon P. Driver, Brenda Frye, Dan Coe, Madeline A. Marshall, Anton Koekemoer, Christopher N. A. Willmer, Aaron Robotham, Jordan C. J. D'Silva, Jake Summers, Mario Nonino, Nor Pirzkal, Russell E. Ryan,, Rafael Ortiz, Scott Tompkins, Rachana A. Bhatawdekar, Cheng Cheng, Adi Zitrin, S. P. Willner

AI总结:

利用JWST在MACS J0416.1-2403场四期NIRCam数据中发现14个暂现源,其中12个为高度放大的恒星,2个为超新星,并测得超新星表面密度,展示了JWST在红外时域巡天中的独特优势。

摘要:

凭借其前所未有的灵敏度和空间分辨率,詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜(JWST)为红外波段时域发现打开了一扇新窗口。在此,我们报告了在Cycle 1中唯一一个获得了四期(跨度126天)JWST NIRCam观测的场中的观测结果。该场指向MACS J0416.1-2403,这是一个红移z=0.4的富星系团,也是哈勃边疆场之一。我们从这些数据中发现了14个暂现源。其中12个暂现源发生在三个星系(红移分别为z=0.94、1.01和2.091)中,这些星系穿越了该星系团的透镜焦散线,并且这些暂现源受到引力透镜的高度放大。这12个暂现源的性质很可能与先前基于哈勃空间望远镜(HST)在该场数据所报告的相似,即高度放大弧中的单个恒星。然而,这12个暂现源无法被HST发现,因为它们太红且太暗。另外两个暂现源与背景星系(红移z=2.205和0.7093)相关,这些星系仅受到中等程度放大,它们很可能是超新星。它们表明,在以数月的时间间隔监测至约3–4微米巡天极限AB~28.5星等时,去放大后的超新星表面密度在积分至z~2时约为每平方角分0.5个。这一巡天深度超出了HST的能力,但JWST可以轻松达到。

英文摘要:

With its unprecedented sensitivity and spatial resolution, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has opened a new window for time-domain discoveries in the infrared. Here we report observations in the only field that has received four epochs (spanning 126 days) of JWST NIRCam observations in Cycle 1. This field is towards MACS J0416.1-2403, which is a rich galaxy cluster at redshift z=0.4 and is one of the Hubble Frontier Fields. We have discovered 14 transients from these data. Twelve of these transients happened in three galaxies (with z=0.94, 1.01, and 2.091) crossing a lensing caustic of the cluster,and these transients are highly magnified by gravitational lensing. These 12 transients are likely of similar nature to those previously reported based on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data in this field, i.e., individual stars in the highly magnified arcs. However, these twelve could not have been found by HST because they are too red and too faint. The other two transients are associated with background galaxies (z=2.205 and 0.7093) that are only moderately magnified, and they are likely supernovae. They indicate a de-magnified supernova surface density, when monitored at a time cadence of a few months to a ~3--4 micron survey limit of AB ~ 28.5 mag, of ~0.5 per sq. arcmin integrated to z ~ 2. This survey depth is beyond the capability of HST but can be easily reached by JWST.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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