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arXiv 2009.08458astro-ph.GA
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哈勃前沿场MACS ~ J0416上的MUSE深透镜场

The MUSE Deep Lensed Field on the Hubble Frontier Field MACS~J0416

E. Vanzella, G. B. Caminha, P. Rosati, A. Mercurio, M. Castellano, M. Meneghetti, C. Grillo, E. Sani, P. Bergamini, F. Calura, K. Caputi, S. Cristiani, G. Cupan… 展开作者

E. Vanzella, G. B. Caminha, P. Rosati, A. Mercurio, M. Castellano, M. Meneghetti, C. Grillo, E. Sani, P. Bergamini, F. Calura, K. Caputi, S. Cristiani, G. Cupani, A. Fontana, R. Gilli, A. Grazian, M. Gronke, M. Mignoli, M. Nonino, L. Pentericci, P. Tozzi, T. Treu, I. Balestra, M. Dijkstra

摘要:

内容:在高红移下对微弱和微小的恒星形成复合体进行普查是提高我们对再电离源、星系生长和球状星团形成的理解的关键。目的:我们提出了MUSE深透镜场(MDLF)计划。方法:我们描述了深MUSE观测17.1小时的积分在一个单一的指向哈勃前沿场星系团MACS~ J 0416。结果:我们确认了48个源星系在0.9<z<6.2的所有136个多重图像的光谱红移。在这些星系中,我们安全地识别出66个星系组成部分的182个多图像,我们用它们来约束我们的透镜模型。我们确定了116个属于背景高z星系的团块;其中大多数是多幅图像,跨度大小和红移间隔分别为[-18,-10],[~400-3]秒差距和1<z<6.6,其中放大最多的是探测可能的单个引力束缚星团。结合透镜放大率的MDLF的深度导致我们达到几个10 $^{-20}$ erg/s/cm 2的未分辨发射线的检测限,透镜放大率校正后。紫外线高电离金属线(和HeII 1640)的S/N>10的个别物体被检测到下降到28-30等,这表明它们在这种微弱的来源中很常见。结论:深入的MUSE观测,结合现有的HST成像,使我们能够:(1)确认极其微弱的高Z源的红移;(2)窥视它们的内部团块(小到100-200 pc尺度);(3)在某些情况下,将这样的团块分解成束缚的星团(<20件/分比例尺);(4)镜头模型的约束数量增加一倍,达到前所未有的182张真实的多重图像,并确认多达213个星系团成员。这些结果证明了JWST和未来的ELT在结合起来研究引力望远镜时所具有的力量。[删节]

英文摘要:

Context: A census of faint and tiny star forming complexes at high redshift is key to improving our understanding of reionizing sources, galaxy growth and the formation of globular clusters. Aims: We present the MUSE Deep Lensed Field (MDLF) program. Methods: We describe Deep MUSE observations of 17.1 hours integration on a single pointing over the Hubble Frontier Field galaxy cluster MACS~J0416. Results: We confirm spectroscopic redshifts for all 136 multiple images of 48 source galaxies at 0.9<z<6.2. Within those galaxies, we securely identify 182 multiple images of 66 galaxy components that we use to constrain our lens model. We identify 116 clumps belonging to background high-z galaxies; the majority of them are multiple images and span magnitude, size and redshift intervals of [-18,-10], [~400-3] parsec and 1<z<6.6, respectively, with the most magnified ones probing possible single gravitationally bound star clusters. The depth of the MDLF combined with lensing magnification lead us to reach a detection limit for unresolved emission lines of a few 10$^{-20}$ erg/s/cm2, after correction for lensing magnification. Ultraviolet high-ionization metal lines (and HeII1640) are detected with S/N>10 for individual objects down to de-lensed magnitude 28-30 suggesting that they are common in such faint sources. Conclusions:Deep MUSE observations, in combination with existing HST imaging, allowed us to:(1) confirm redshifts for extremely faint high-z sources;(2) peer into their internal clumps (down to 100-200 pc scale);(3) in some cases break down such clumps into bound star clusters (<20 pc scale);(4) double the number of constraints for the lens model,reaching an unprecedented set of 182 bona-fide multiple images and confirming up to 213 galaxy cluster members. These results demonstrate the power that JWST and future ELTs will have when combined to study gravitational telescopes.[abridged]

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