Webb's PEARLS: Bright 1.5--2.0 micron Dropouts in the Spitzer/IRAC Dark Field
Haojing Yan, Seth H. Cohen, Rogier A. Windhorst, Rolf A. Jansen, Zhiyuan Ma, John F. Beacom, Cheng Cheng, Jia-Sheng Huang, Norman A. Grogin, S. P. Willner, Min … 展开作者
Haojing Yan, Seth H. Cohen, Rogier A. Windhorst, Rolf A. Jansen, Zhiyuan Ma, John F. Beacom, Cheng Cheng, Jia-Sheng Huang, Norman A. Grogin, S. P. Willner, Min Yun, Heidi B. Hammel, Stefanie N. Milam, Christopher J. Conselice, Simon P. Driver, Brenda Frye, Madeline A. Marshall, Anton Koekemoer, Christopher N. A. Willmer, Aaron Robotham, Jordan C. J. D'Silva, Jake Summers, Chenxiaoji Ling, Jeremy Lim, Kevin Harrington, Leonardo Ferreira, Jose Maria Diego, Nor Pirzkal, Stephen M. Wilkins, Lifan Wang, Nimish P. Hathi, Adi Zitrin, Rachana A. Bhatawdekar, Nathan J. Adams, Lukas J. Furtak, Peter Maksym, Michael J. Rutkowski, Giovanni G. Fazio
Using the first epoch of four-band NIRCam observations obtained by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science Program in the Spitzer IRAC Dark Field, we search for F150W and F200W dropouts. In 14.2 arcmin^2, we have found eight F150W dropouts and eight F200W dropouts, all brighter than 27.5 mag (the brightest being ~24 mag) in the band to the red side of the break. As they are detected in multiple bands, these must be real objects. Their nature, however, is unclear, and characterizing their properties is important for realizing the full potential of JWST. If the observed color decrements are due to the Lyman break, these objects should be at z >~ 11.7 and z >~ 15.4, respectively. The color diagnostics show that at least four F150W dropouts are far away from the usual contaminators encountered in dropout searches (red galaxies at much lower redshifts or brown dwarf stars). While the diagnostics of the F200W dropouts are less certain due to the limited number of passbands, at least one of them is likely not a known type of contaminant, and the rest are consistent with either high-redshift galaxies with evolved stellar populations or old galaxies at z ~ 3 to 8. If a significant fraction of our dropouts are indeed at z ~ 12, we have to face the severe problem of explaining their high luminosities and number densities. Spectroscopic identifications of such objects are urgently needed.
PEARLS: 21 Transients Found in the Three-Epoch NIRCam Observations in the Continuous Viewing Zone of the James Webb Space Telescope
University of Missouri（密苏里大学）；University of Massachusetts, Amherst（马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校）；Texas A. & M. University（德克萨斯农工大学）；University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学）；Oklahoma State University（俄克拉荷马州立大学）；Space Telescope Science Institute（太空望远镜科学研究所）；The Ohio State University（俄亥俄州立大学）
We give an overview and describe the rationale, methods, and first results from NIRCam images of the JWST "Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science" ("PEARLS") project. PEARLS uses up to eight NIRCam filters to survey several prime extragalactic survey areas: two fields at the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP); seven gravitationally lensing clusters; two high redshift proto-clusters; and the iconic backlit VV 191 galaxy system to map its dust attenuation. PEARLS also includes NIRISS spectra for one of the NEP fields and NIRSpec spectra of two high-redshift quasars. The main goal …
Spitzer's final Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) observations of SN 1987A show the 3.6 and 4.5 $μ$m emission from the equatorial ring (ER) continues a period of steady decline. Deconvolution of the images reveals that the emission is dominated by the ring, not the ejecta, and is brightest on the west side. Decomposition of the marginally resolved emission also confirms this, and shows that the west side of the ER has been brightening relative to the other portions of the ER. The infrared (IR) morphological changes resemble those seen in both the soft X-ray emission and the optical emission. The in…
JWST's PEARLS: A clumpy ring galaxy at $z = 4.0148$
University of Illinois（伊利诺伊大学）；Durham University（杜伦大学）；Arizona State University（亚利桑那州立大学）；Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS（中国科学院南天文中心，国家天文台，中科院）；Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, University of Manchester（曼彻斯特大学乔德雷尔银行天体物理学中心）；Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria (CSIC-UC)（坎塔布里亚物理研究所（西班牙科学理事会-坎塔布里亚大学））；University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学）；Space Telescope Science Institute（太空望远镜科学研究所）
We report the results of James Webb Space Telescope/NIRCam observations of 19 (sub)millimeter (submm/mm) sources detected by the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). The accurate ALMA positions allowed unambiguous identifications of their NIRCam counterparts. Taking gravitational lensing into account, these represent 16 distinct galaxies in three fields and constitute the largest sample of its kind to date. The counterparts' spectral energy distributions from rest-frame ultraviolet to near infrared provide photometric redshifts ($1<z<4.5$) and stellar masses ($M_*>10^{10.5}$ Msol), which are…
We present $Spitzer$ IRAC mid-infrared point source catalogs for mosaics covering the fields of the nearby ($\lesssim$4 Mpc) galaxies NGC 55, NGC 253, NGC 2366, NGC 4214, and NGC 5253. We detect a total of 20159 sources in these five fields. Point spread function photometry was performed on sources detected in both $Spitzer$ IRAC 3.6 $μ$m and 4.5 $μ$m bands at greater than 3$σ$ above background. These data were then supplemented by aperture photometry in the IRAC 5.8 $μ$m and 8.0 $μ$m bands conducted at the positions of the shorter wavelength sources. For sources with no detected object in the…
We present Spitzer IRAC $3.6-8 μ$m and MIPS $24 μ$m point-source catalogs for M $31$ and $15$ other mostly large, star forming galaxies at distances $\sim3.5-14$ Mpc including M $51$, M $83$, M $101$ and NGC $6946$. These catalogs contain $\sim1$ million sources including $\sim859,000$ in M 31 and $\sim116,000$ in the other galaxies. They were created following the procedures described in Khan et al. (2015) through a combination of point spread function (PSF) fitting and aperture photometry. These data products constitute a resource to improve our understanding of the IR-bright ($3.6-24 μ$m) p…
We present Spitzer IRAC $3.6-8$um and MIPS $24$um point-source catalogs for seven galaxies: NGC$6822$, M$33$, NGC$300$, NGC$2403$, M$81$, NGC$0247$, and NGC$7793$. The catalogs contain a total of $\sim300,000$ sources and were created by dual-band selection of sources with $>3σ$ detections at both $3.6$um and $4.5$um. The source lists become significantly incomplete near $m_{3.6}=m_{4.5}\simeq18$. We complement the $3.6$um and $4.5$um fluxes with $5.8$um, $8.0$um and $24$um fluxes or $3σ$ upper limits using a combination of PSF and aperture photometry. This catalog is a resource as an archive …
Measurements of stellar properties of galaxies when the universe was less than one billion years old yield some of the only observational constraints of the onset of star formation. We present here the inclusion of \textit{Spitzer}/IRAC imaging in the spectral energy distribution fitting of the seven highest-redshift galaxy candidates selected from the \emph{Hubble Space Telescope} imaging of the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey (RELICS). We find that for 6/8 \textit{HST}-selected $z\gtrsim8$ sources, the $z\gtrsim8$ solutions are still strongly preferred over $z\sim$1-2 solutions after the…
The James Webb Space Telescope will allow to spectroscopically study an unprecedented number of galaxies deep into the reionization era, notably by detecting [OIII] and H$β$ nebular emission lines. To efficiently prepare such observations, we photometrically select a large sample of galaxies at $z\sim8$ and study their rest-frame optical emission lines. Combining data from the GOODS Re-ionization Era wide-Area Treasury from Spitzer (GREATS) survey and from HST, we perform spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting, using synthetic SEDs from a large grid of photoionization models. The deep Spit…
We present a mock image catalogue of ~100,000 MUV=-22.5 to -19.6 mag galaxies at z=7-12 from the BlueTides cosmological simulation. We create mock images of each galaxy with the James Webb (JWST), Hubble, Roman, and Euclid Space Telescopes, as well as Subaru, and VISTA, with a range of near- and mid-infrared filters. We perform photometry on the mock images to estimate the success of these instruments for detecting high-z galaxies. We predict that JWST will have unprecedented power in detecting high-z galaxies, with a 95% completeness limit at least 2.5 magnitudes fainter than VISTA and Subaru…
We present new measurements of the very low-mass end of the galaxy stellar mass function (GSMF) at $z\sim6-7$ computed from a rest-frame ultraviolet selected sample of dropout galaxies. These galaxies lie behind the six Hubble Frontier Fields clusters and are all gravitationally magnified. Using deep Spitzer/IRAC and Hubble Space Telescope imaging, we derive stellar masses by fitting galaxy spectral energy distributions and explore the impact of different model assumptions and parameter degeneracies on the resulting GSMF. Our sample probes stellar masses down to $M_{\star}>10^{6}\,\text{M}_{\o…
We present the results from a new search for candidate galaxies at z ~ 8.5-11 discovered over the 850 arcmin^2 area probed by the Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS). We use a photometric redshift selection including both Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescope photometry to robustly identify galaxies in this epoch at F160W < 26.6. We use a detailed vetting procedure, including screening for persistence, stellar contamination, inclusion of ground-based imaging, and followup space-based imaging to build a robust sample of 11 candidate galaxies, three presented he…
We present constraints on the physical properties (including stellar mass, age, and star formation rate) of 207 $6\lesssim z \lesssim8$ galaxy candidates from the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey (RELICS) and companion Spitzer-RELICS surveys. We measure photometry using T-PHOT and perform spectral energy distribution fitting using EA$z$Y and BAGPIPES. Of the 207 candidates for which we could successfully measure Spitzer fluxes, 23 were demoted to likely low redshift ($z<4$). Among the remaining high redshift candidates, we find intrinsic stellar masses between $1\times10^6\rm{M_{\odot}}$ an…
Euclid: The first statistical census of dusty and massive objects in the ERO/Perseus field
Università di Padova（帕多瓦大学）；INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova（帕多瓦天文台）；Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）；INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna（博洛尼亚空间天体物理与科学观测站）；University of Massachusetts, Amherst（马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校）；Cardiff University（卡迪夫大学）
