Dislocation density transients and saturation in irradiated zirconium
Andrew R. Warwick, Rhys Thomas, Max Boleininger, Ömer Koç, Gyula Zilahi, Gabor Ribárik, Zoltan Hegedues, Ulrich Lienert, Tamas Ungar, Chris Race, Michael Preuss… 展开作者
Andrew R. Warwick, Rhys Thomas, Max Boleininger, Ömer Koç, Gyula Zilahi, Gabor Ribárik, Zoltan Hegedues, Ulrich Lienert, Tamas Ungar, Chris Race, Michael Preuss, Philipp Frankel, Sergei L. Dudarev
Zirconium alloys are widely used as the fuel cladding material in pressurised water reactors, accumulating a significant population of defects and dislocations from exposure to neutrons. We present and interpret synchrotron microbeam X-ray diffraction measurements of proton-irradiated Zircaloy-4, where we identify a transient peak and the subsequent saturation of dislocation density as a function of exposure. This is explained by direct atomistic simulations showing that the observed variation of dislocation density as a function of dose is a natural result of the evolution of the dense defect and dislocation microstructure driven by the concurrent generation of defects and their subsequent stress-driven relaxation. In the dynamic equilibrium state of the material developing in the high dose limit, the defect content distribution of the population of dislocation loops, coexisting with the dislocation network, follows a power law with exponent $α\approx 2.2$. This corresponds to the power law exponent of $β\approx 3.4$ for the distribution of loops as a function of their diameter that compares favourably with the experimentally measured values of $β$ in the range $ 3 \leq β\leq 4$.
Self-organized defect-phases along dislocations in irradiated alloys
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign(伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校 材料科学与工程系,格雷格纳工程学院)
Plasticity in irradiated FeCrAl nanopillars investigated using discrete dislocation dynamics
在本文中,我们研究了塑性辐照FeCrAl纳米柱使用离散位错动力学模拟(DDD),与离子和中子辐照的商业FeCrAl合金C35 M的透射电子显微镜(TEM)原位拉伸试验的比较。辐照引起的缺陷,如a/2 111和100型环和成分波动的相分离的辐照FeCrAl合金的代表的影响,分别进行了研究,以及叠加在一起的模拟。我们探讨了缺陷对FeCrAl纳米柱的应力-应变行为,特别是屈服强度和硬化响应的影响。我们的模拟证实了被广泛接受的事实,即辐照合金表现出更高的屈服强度和硬化的应力应变响应相比,均匀的合金。然而,我们的DDD计算揭示了一个非典型的叠加硬化的贡献,由于组合物的不均匀性和辐射回路,其中硬化由于组合物的不均匀性抵消硬化由于辐射回路在小尺度。因此,我们观察到,在辐照合金的屈服强度,考虑到成分不均匀性和辐照回路的影响后,小于只有辐照回路的合金的屈服强度,并且对于单独的成分不均匀性的合金是大致相同的。我们确定这种相消干涉的叠加在我们的平行TEM原位拉伸试验未辐照,离子辐照,中子辐照C35 M FeCrAl合金以及。硬化贡献中的这种相消干涉与实验团体广泛使用的分散势垒硬化(DBH)模型形成对比,以模拟由于不同辐照引起的缺陷的硬化贡献。
Microstructural studies on lattice imperfections in irradiated Titanium and Ti-5%Ta-2%Nb by X-Ray Diffraction Line Profile Analysis
采用X射线衍射线轮廓分析方法,研究了116 MeV O ~(5+)离子辐照下Ti和Ti-5%Ta-2%Nb合金的微结构参数,如平均畴尺寸、特定晶向上的有效畴尺寸和微应变随辐照剂量的变化。位错密度和堆垛层错的概率也估计从分析。分析表明,与未照射的样品相比,平均畴尺寸随剂量显着减小。的位错密度的估计值显着增加的辐照样品,并被发现是一个数量级以上的相比,未经辐照的。然而,随着剂量的增加,位错密度饱和。变形(堆垛层错)的概率被发现是可以忽略不计的,即使在剂量的照射。
Emerging hierarchical dislocation structures: Insights from scanning electron microscopy-electron backscatter diffraction in situ tensile testing and multifractal analysis
Interstitial-mediated dislocation climb and the weakening of particle-reinforced alloys under irradiation
位错可以通过吸收(或发射)点缺陷(空位和自填隙原子(SIAs))爬出其滑移面。与保守的滑翔运动相反,爬升依赖于点缺陷的热扩散,因此在更长的时间尺度上运行,导致某些形式的蠕变。虽然平衡点缺陷浓度允许位错爬升以减轻非滑移应力,但点缺陷过饱和也会导致渗透力,即使在没有外部应力的情况下也会驱动位错运动。自填隙原子通常具有比空位高得多的形成能,因此它们对爬升的贡献通常被忽略。然而,在辐照条件下,这两种类型的缺陷以相等的数量非热地产生。在这封信中,我们使用简单的热力学参数来表明,在辐照材料中的贡献不可忽略,并且它们对位错引起的渗透力比空位引起的渗透力大许多个数量级。这就解释了为什么{ \it in situ}透射电子显微镜辐照观察到的棱柱形位错环更多的是间隙型而不是空位型。使用离散位错动力学模拟,我们调查的影响,位错障碍物的相互作用,并发现在许多数量级的脱钉时间减少。这对辐照下颗粒增强合金的强度具有重要影响。