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arXiv 2303.16982physics.chem-phcs.LG
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利用 Uni-Mol+ 进行高精度量子化学性质预测

Highly Accurate Quantum Chemical Property Prediction with Uni-Mol+

DP Technology(深势科技);Peking University(北京大学)

Shuqi Lu, Zhifeng Gao, Di He, Linfeng Zhang, Guolin Ke

AI总结:

Uni-Mol+ 通过从低成本初始三维构象出发,利用双轨 Transformer 迭代更新至 DFT 平衡构象,从而显著提升量子化学性质预测精度。

摘要:

深度学习的最新进展在加速量子化学(QC)性质预测方面取得了显著进展,因为它不再需要昂贵的电子结构计算,如密度泛函理论。然而,以往从一维 SMILES 序列或二维分子图学习的方法未能达到高精度,因为 QC 性质主要取决于由电子结构方法优化得到的三维平衡构象,这与序列型和图型数据差异很大。在本文中,我们提出了一种名为 Uni-Mol+ 的新方法来解决这一挑战。Uni-Mol+ 首先通过 RDKit 等低成本方法生成初始三维分子构象。然后,利用神经网络将该初始构象迭代更新至其目标 DFT 平衡构象,并使用学习到的构象来预测 QC 性质。为了有效学习这一朝向平衡构象的更新过程,我们引入了一个双轨 Transformer 模型骨干,并以 QC 性质预测任务对其进行训练。我们还设计了一种新方法来引导模型的训练过程。我们广泛的基准测试结果表明,所提出的 Uni-Mol+ 在多个数据集上显著提高了 QC 性质预测的准确性。我们已在 \url{https://github.com/dptech-corp/Uni-Mol} 公开代码和模型。

英文摘要:

Recent developments in deep learning have made remarkable progress in speeding up the prediction of quantum chemical (QC) properties by removing the need for expensive electronic structure calculations like density functional theory. However, previous methods learned from 1D SMILES sequences or 2D molecular graphs failed to achieve high accuracy as QC properties primarily depend on the 3D equilibrium conformations optimized by electronic structure methods, far different from the sequence-type and graph-type data. In this paper, we propose a novel approach called Uni-Mol+ to tackle this challenge. Uni-Mol+ first generates a raw 3D molecule conformation from inexpensive methods such as RDKit. Then, the raw conformation is iteratively updated to its target DFT equilibrium conformation using neural networks, and the learned conformation will be used to predict the QC properties. To effectively learn this update process towards the equilibrium conformation, we introduce a two-track Transformer model backbone and train it with the QC property prediction task. We also design a novel approach to guide the model's training process. Our extensive benchmarking results demonstrate that the proposed Uni-Mol+ significantly improves the accuracy of QC property prediction in various datasets. We have made the code and model publicly available at \url{https://github.com/dptech-corp/Uni-Mol}.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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